m WP:CHECKWIKI error fixes / special characters in pagetitle using AWB (9485)
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Rv. The way it displayed created a gap about where Kalao and Wolio are spoken.
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{{short description|Subgroup of the Austronesian language family}} |
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{{Infobox language family |
{{Infobox language family |
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|name=Wotu–Wolio |
|name=Wotu–Wolio |
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|altname= |
|altname=Southern Kaili–Wolio |
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|region=[[Sulawesi]] |
|region=[[Sulawesi]] |
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|familycolor=Austronesian |
|familycolor=Austronesian |
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|fam2=[[Malayo-Polynesian languages|Malayo-Polynesian]] |
|fam2=[[Malayo-Polynesian languages|Malayo-Polynesian]] |
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|fam3=[[ |
|fam3=[[Celebic languages|Celebic]] |
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|glotto=wotu1239 |
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|glottorefname=Wotu–Wolio |
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|sil=17-1567 |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Wotu–Wolio languages''' are a group of closely related languages spoken in [[Sulawesi]] |
The '''Wotu–Wolio languages''' are a group of closely related languages spoken in [[Sulawesi]] that belong to the [[Celebic languages|Celebic]] subgroup of the [[Austronesian languages|Austronesian]] family. |
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==Classification== |
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* |
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The Wotu–Wolio languages comprise five languages which are grouped into three branches: |
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*'''Wolio–Kamaru''': [[Wolio language|Wolio]], [[Kamaru language|Kamaru]] |
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*''[[Wotu language|Wotu]]'' |
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⚫ | *[[Kalao language|Kalao]]–[[Laiyolo language|Laiyolo]], spoken on the [[Selayar Islands]] ([[South Sulawesi]]). |
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*[[Wolio language|Wolio]]–[[Kamaru language|Kamaru]], spoken on [[Buton|Buton Island]] ([[Southeast Sulawesi]]). |
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*''[[Wotu language|Wotu]]'', spoken in Wotu district ([[South Sulawesi]]) at the northern shore of the [[Gulf of Boni|Bone Gulf]]. |
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While in earlier classifications, Wolio, Laiyolo,<ref>{{cite book |year=1938 |author=Esser, S.J. |chapter=Talen |title=Atlas van Tropisch Nederland |others=Blad 9a |location=Batavia |publisher=Topografische Dienst}}</ref> and later also Wotu,<ref>{{cite book |author1=Grimes, C. E. |author2=Grimes, B. E. |title=Languages of South Sulawesi |year=1987 |location=Canberra |publisher=Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University |doi=10.15144/PL-D78 |isbn=0858833522 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/languagesofsouth0000grim }}</ref> were included in the [[Muna–Buton languages|Muna–Buton subgroup]],<ref>{{cite book |year=1991 |last=Noorduyn |first=J. |chapter=The Languages of Sulawesi |editor=H. Steinhauer |title=Papers in Austronesian linguistics |series=Pacific Linguistics A-81 |place=Canberra |publisher=Australian National University}}</ref> Donohue (2004) has shown that based on phonological evidence, the Wotu–Wolio languages form a distinct subgroup of their own.<ref name=Donohue2004>{{cite book |last=Donohue |first=Mark |year=2004 |chapter=The pretenders to the Muna-Buton group |editor1=John Bowden |editor2=Nikolaus Himmelmann |title=Papers in Austronesian subgrouping and dialectology |pages=21–35 |series=Pacific Linguistics 563 |place=Canberra |publisher=Australian National University |doi=10.15144/PL-563.21 |doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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Mead (2003) included the Wotu–Wolio languages as one out of six branches in the [[Celebic languages|Celebic subgroup]].<ref>Mead, David. (2003). "Evidence for a Celebic supergroup." In Lynch, John (ed.). ''Issues in Austronesian historical phonology'', pp. 115-141. Canberra: Australian National University. (Pacific Linguistics 550)</ref> |
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{{au-lang-stub}} |
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Zobel (2020) lists the Wotu–Wolio languages, which he calls ''Southern Kaili–Wolio'', as [[Ledo Kaili language|Ledo]], [[Wotu language|Wotu]], |
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[[Wolio language|Wolio]], [[Kamaru language|Kamaru]], [[Kalao language|Kalao]], and [[Loa' language|Loa']] ([[Barang-Barang language|Barang-Barang]]). Wolio, Kamaru, Kalao, and Loa' (Barang-Barang) make up the ''Island Kaili–Wolio'' subgroup within Southern Kaili–Wolio. [[Ledo Kaili language|Ledo]] has [[Kaili–Pamona languages|Kaili–Pamona]] morphological and grammatical features, while its lexicon is mainly of Wotu–Wolio origin. [[Mamuju language|Mamuju]] is traditionally classified as [[South Sulawesi languages|South Sulawesi]], but has a Wotu–Wolio lexical substratum.<ref name="Zobel-2020">{{cite journal |last=Zobel |first=Erik |last2= |first2= |date=2020 |title=The Kaili–Wolio Branch of the Celebic Languages |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/782054 |journal=Oceanic Linguistics |volume=59 |issue=1/2 |pages=297-346 |doi=10.1353/ol.2020.0014 |publisher=University of Hawai'i Press}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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* {{cite book |last1=Mead |first1=David |last2=Smith |first2=Joanna |chapter=The voice systems of Wotu, Barang-barang and Wolio: Synchronic and diachronic perspectives |editor1=Malcolm D. Ross |editor2=I Wayan Arka |title=Language Change in Austronesian languages: papers from 12-ICAL, Volume 3 |series=Asia-Pacific linguistics 018 / Studies on Austronesian languages 004 |pages=51–78 |hdl=1885/13386 |hdl-access=free}} |
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{{refend}} |
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==External links== |
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*[https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/wotu-wolio "Wotu-Wolio"] at ''[[Ethnologue]]'' (23rd ed, 2020). |
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{{Austronesian languages}} |
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{{Languages of Indonesia}} |
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[[Category:Wotu–Wolio languages| ]] |
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Wotu–Wolio | |
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Southern Kaili–Wolio | |
Geographic distribution | Sulawesi |
Linguistic classification | Austronesian
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Glottolog | wotu1239 |
The Wotu–Wolio languages are a group of closely related languages spoken in Sulawesi that belong to the Celebic subgroup of the Austronesian family.
The Wotu–Wolio languages comprise five languages which are grouped into three branches:
While in earlier classifications, Wolio, Laiyolo,[1] and later also Wotu,[2] were included in the Muna–Buton subgroup,[3] Donohue (2004) has shown that based on phonological evidence, the Wotu–Wolio languages form a distinct subgroup of their own.[4]
Mead (2003) included the Wotu–Wolio languages as one out of six branches in the Celebic subgroup.[5]
Zobel (2020) lists the Wotu–Wolio languages, which he calls Southern Kaili–Wolio, as Ledo, Wotu, Wolio, Kamaru, Kalao, and Loa' (Barang-Barang). Wolio, Kamaru, Kalao, and Loa' (Barang-Barang) make up the Island Kaili–Wolio subgroup within Southern Kaili–Wolio. Ledo has Kaili–Pamona morphological and grammatical features, while its lexicon is mainly of Wotu–Wolio origin. Mamuju is traditionally classified as South Sulawesi, but has a Wotu–Wolio lexical substratum.[6]
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† indicate extinct languages |