Time-lapse video of 2006 VW139
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| Discovery[1][2] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Spacewatch |
| Discovery site | Kitt Peak National Obs. |
| Discovery date | 15 November 2006 |
| Designations | |
| (300163) 2006 VW139 | |
| 2006 VW139 · 288P[1] P/2006 VW139[3] | |
| main-belt[1][2] · (outer)[4] main-belt comet[3][5] | |
| Orbital characteristics[1] | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 16.31 yr (5,958 days) |
| Aphelion | 3.6619 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.4358 AU |
| 3.0488 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.2011 |
| 5.32 yr (1,944 days) | |
| 55.529° | |
| 0° 11m 6.36s / day | |
| Inclination | 3.2402° |
| 83.187° | |
| 281.00° | |
| Known satellites | 1[5][6] |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 1.8±0.2km(derived)[6] 3.20 km (calculated)[4] |
| Mass | (6.15±4.85)×1012 kg[6][a] |
| 0.057 (assumed)[4] | |
| C (assumed)[4] | |
| 16.2[1][4] · 16.20±0.24[7] | |
(300163) 2006 VW139 (provisional designation 2006 VW139, periodic comet designation 288P/2006 VW139) is a binary active asteroid and main-belt comet from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. The object was discovered by Spacewatch in 2006. Its binary nature was confirmed by the Hubble Space Telescope in September 2016.[5] Both primary and its minor-planet moon are similar in mass and size, making it a true binary system.[5] The components are estimated to measure 1.8 kilometers in diameter, orbiting each other at a wide separation of 104 kilometers every 135 days.[4][6][8]
2006 VW139 was discovered on 15 November 2006, by the Spacewatch survey at Kitt Peak National Observatory near Tucson, Arizona.[2] The possible cometary activity was seen in November 2011 by Pan-STARRS.[3] Both Spacewatch and Pan-STARRS are asteroid survey projects of NASA's Near Earth Object Observations Program. After the Pan-STARRS observations it was also given a comet designationof288P.
2006 VW139 is a non-family asteroid of the main-belt's background population.[9] It is both a binary asteroid and a main-belt comet, also known as "active asteroid". It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.4–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 4 months (1,944 days; semi-major axis of 3.05 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]
The body's observation arc begins on September 2000, with a precovery taken by the Sloan Digital Sky SurveyatApache Point Observatory, New Mexico, more than six years prior to its official discovery observation by Spacewatch at Kitt Peak.[2]
2006 VW139 was first observed by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in December 2011.[5] It was imaged by HST in September 2016, just before it made its closest approach to the Sun and confirmed its binary nature with two asteroids orbiting each other, and revealed ongoing cometary activity.[8] This makes the object the first known binary asteroid that is also classified as a main-belt comet.[8] The binary is thought to be the result of fission of the precursor caused by YORP-driven spinup.[5]
Observations of the HST revealed ongoing activity in this binary system. The combined features of this binary asteroid - wide separation, near-equal component size, high eccentricity orbit, and comet-like activity also make it unique among the few known binary asteroids that have a wide separation.[5][8]
2006 VW139 has a derived diameter of 1.8±0.2 kilometer.[6] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.057 and calculates a diameter of 3.20 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 16.2.[4] The binary system has an estimated mass between 1.3×1012 kg and 1.1×1013 kg.[5] A single component has a derived mass of (6.15±4.85)×1012 kg.[6]
This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 12 October 2011 (M.P.C. 76600).[10] As of 2020, it has not been named.[2]
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