"Always was, always will be Aboriginal land", sometimes abbreviated to "Always was, always will be" or just "Always will be", is an iconic phrase and rallying cry of the Aboriginal land rights movement in Australia.
The phrase is said to have originated in the 1980s, with the Barkandji people in far-western New South Wales, who were fighting for legal recognition and rightsassovereign owners of their homelands.[1] The campaign was led by William Bates, which saw the first national park in NSW returned to its traditional owners. On one of his trips to Country during the campaign, William Bates' father, Jim Bates, was telling his son stories of the land. William said, "Dad, it’s not your land any more, whitefellas own it"; his father replied, "No, they only borrowed it; it always was, and always will be Aboriginal land."[2][3]
It asserts that Aboriginal peoples were the first on the continent now known as Australia, occupying and caring for the land for more than 65,000 years,[4] and that sovereignty of Country has never been ceded.[1] It is sometimes shortened to "Always was, always will be."[5]
The phrase is commonly chanted at protests, rallies and celebrations by Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in Australia, and is synonymous with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander land rights, self-determination and sovereignty.[6][7] It also responds to the lack of recognition Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples receive in relation to sovereignty, and as a fundamental understanding about the truth of Australia, but sometimes presents a challenge when dealing with Australian immigrant communities.[8][further explanation needed]
