Aśmaka
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|---|---|
| c. 700 BCE–425 or 345 BCE | |
Asmaka and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period.
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| Capital | PotaliorPodana |
| Common languages | Prakrit Sanskrit |
| Religion | Historical Vedic religion Buddhism Jainism |
| Government | Monarchy |
| Maharaja | |
| Historical era | Iron Age |
• Established | c. 700 BCE |
• Disestablished | 425 or 345 BCE |
| Today part of | India |
Asmaka [a]orAssaka was a Mahajanapadainancient India which existed between 700 BCE and 425 or 345 BCE according to the Buddhist texts Anguttara Nikaya and Puranas. It was located around and between the Godavari river[1] in present-day Telangana and Maharashtra. Its capital is variously called Potali or Podana, and is identified as present-day Bodhan in Telangana.[2]
Aśmaka was located on the Godāvarī river,[3] between Mūlaka and Kaliṅga.[3]
The capital of Aśmaka was the city variously named Podana, Potali, Paudanyapura, and Potana, which corresponds to modern-day Bodhan.[3]
The Aśmaka kingdom already existed at the time of the Brāhmaṇas, when its king Brahmadatta was mentioned in the Mahāgovinda Suttanta as a contemporary of Reṇu of Videha and Dhataraṭṭha or Dhṛtarāṣṭra of Kāsī.[3]
Aśmaka annexed the small kingdom of Mūlaka located to its west during the Mahajanapada period, after which it became the southern neighbour of the kingdom of Avanti.[4]
The Hathigumpha inscriptionofKharavela (2nd century BCE) mentions Kharavela's threat to a city variously interpreted as "Masika" (Masikanagara), "Musika" (Musikanagara) or "Asika" (Asikanagara). N. K. Sahu identifies Asika as the capital of Asmaka.[5]: 127 According to Ajay Mitra Shastri, "Asika-nagara" was located in the present-day village of Adam in Nagpur district (on the Wainganga River). A terracotta seal excavated in the village mentions the Asmaka janapada.[6][7] Asmaka also included Mulaka area around Paithan known in ancient times as Pratishthana.[8] According to Sutta Nipata Saketa or Ayodhya was first halting place on the southward road (Dakshinapatha) from Shravasti to Pratishthana.[9]
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