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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (October 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Bürgher was a rank or title of a privileged citizen of a medievaltoearly modern European town. Burghers formed the pool from which city officials could be drawn,[citation needed] and their immediate families that formed the social class of the medieval bourgeoisie.
Entry into burgher status varied from country to country and city to city.[1]InHungary, proof of ownership of property in a town was a condition for acceptance as a burgher.[2]
Any crime against a burgher was taken as a crime against the city community.[citation needed] In Switzerland, if a burgher was assassinated, the other burghers had the right to bring the alleged murderer to trial by judicial combat.[3]
In the Netherlands, burghers were often exempted from corvée or forced labor, a privilege which later extended to the Dutch East Indies.[4] Effectively, only burghers could join the city guard in Amsterdam because in order to join, guardsmen had to purchase their own expensive equipment. Membership in the guard was often a stepping stone to political positions.
Those who lived outside the city could still become burghers but they would be 'buiten-poorters' or outside burghers. The way to become a burgher was different from town to town and city to city; some cities required registration ....
Proof of ownership of property in a given town – that is, purchase of a house or land or acquisition of the same by marriage to the daughter or widow of a burgher – was a significant condition for acceptance as a burgher.
If a burgher was assassinated, all the others had a right to bring the supposed murderer to trial by judicial combat, assumere duellum; and the chronicle of 1288 adds a singular circumstance, Duellum fuit in Berne inter virum et mulierem, sed ....
... abandoned the idea of equal rights because not all Christians could be labeled 'Burgher'. If someone were subject to a local head, they were obliged to perform corvee, but anyone categorized as a Burgher was exempt from this.
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