 |
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (March 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
|
| Volunteer combatant's cross | |
|---|---|
Volunteer combatant's cross (obverse)
| |
| Type | Medal |
| Awarded for | Volunteers for the war 1939–1945 |
| Presented by |  France |
| Established | 4 February 1953 |
Ribbon of the Volunteer combatant's cross
| |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) | Volunteer combatant's cross 1914–1918 |
| Next (lower) | Cross of the resistance volunteer combatant |
The Volunteer combatant's cross (French: "Croix du combattant volontaire") was a French decoration that originally recognized those who volunteered to serve in a combat unit during World War II. It is the equivalent of the "1914–1918 Volunteer combatant's cross" (French: "Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1914–1918").
This decoration is equivalent to that awarded to the soldiers of the First World War. At the request of the associations of veterans the state fixed by Act of 4 February 1953, accompanied by a decree of 19 November 1955, the award Croix du Combattant Volontaire 1939–1945, designated for those who volunteered to serve. In 1983 the original act establishing this award as the "1939-1945 Volunteer combatant's cross" (French: "Croix du combattant volontaire 1939-1945") was abolished and replaced by an act that added clasps to the medal, specifying the specific areas of combat, and renaming it more simply to "Volunteer combatant's cross" . Additional revisions of the act establishing this award in 1995 and 2007 have added a total of five clasps:
A cross with four arms in bronze, 36 mm wide. Engraved by Frédéric-Charles-Victor de Vernon.
On the obverse: a round central medallion with the legend surrounding REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE:
On the reverse: inside the central medallion, a branch of laurel is surrounded by the inscription: COMBATTANT VOLONTAIRE 1939–1945. The reverse of the 1983 version has no date. The cross arms are covered with leaves of laurel and oak forming relief.
The Volunteer combatant's cross was created to honor those who voluntarily participated in an armed conflict, during which they put their lives at risk.
In this spirit, the candidate for this distinction must provide proof from what he has done is a voluntary act of serving in a combat unit, so that because of his age or his circumstances, he was compelled to any "service obligation" (read "no obligation such "). From what he has in fact been present in a unit recognized fighter, during a specified time.
The Volunteer combatant's cross is considered a war decoration during the review of applications for Légion d'honneur, la Médaille militaire and l'Ordre national du Mérite.
