| G cell | |
|---|---|
Control of stomach acid
| |
| Details | |
| System | Digestive system |
| Location | Stomach and duodenum |
| Function | Gastrin secretion |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | endocrinocytus G |
| TH | H3.04.02.0.00031 |
| FMA | 67609 |
| Anatomical terms of microanatomy | |
AG cellorgastrin cell is a type of cell in the stomach and duodenum that secretes gastrin. It works in conjunction with gastric chief cells and parietal cells. G cells are found deep within the pyloric glands of the stomach antrum, and occasionally in the pancreas[1] and duodenum. The vagus nerve innervates the G cells. Gastrin-releasing peptide is released by the post-ganglionic fibers of the vagus nerve onto G cells during parasympathetic stimulation. The peptide hormone bombesin also stimulates gastrin from G cells. Gastrin-releasing peptide, as well as the presence of amino acids in the stomach, stimulates the release of gastrin from the G cells. Gastrin stimulates enterochromaffin-like cells to secrete histamine.[2] Gastrin also targets parietal cells by increasing the amount of histamine and the direct stimulation by gastrin, causing the parietal cells to increase HCl secretion in the stomach. G-cells frequently express PD-L1 during homeostasis which protects them from Helicobacter pylori-induced immune destruction [3]
G cells have a distinctive microscopic appearance that allows one to separate them from other cells in the gastric antrum; their nuclei are centrally located in the cell. They are found in the middle portion of the gastric glands.
Media related to G cell at Wikimedia Commons|
Physiology of the gastrointestinal system
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI tract |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accessory |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abdominopelvic |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
