The angle of list is the degree to which a vessel heels (leans or tilts) to either portorstarboard at equilibrium—with no external forces acting upon it.[1] If a listing ship goes beyond the point where a righting moment will keep it afloat, it will capsize and potentially sink.[2]
Listing is caused by the off-centerline distribution of weight aboard due to uneven loading or to flooding.[3] By contrast, roll is the dynamic movement from side to side caused by waves.
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