International development aid is given by many non-private donors. The first table is based on official development assistance (ODA) figures published by the OECD for members of its Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Non-DAC members included in the OECD's publishing are listed separately.
Luxembourg made the largest contribution as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) at 1.05% and the United Nations’ ODA target of 0.7% of GNI was also exceeded by Norway (1.02%), Sweden (0.99%) and Denmark (0.71%).[1] The European Union accumulated a higher portion of GDP as a form of foreign aid than any other economic union.[2]
The United States is a small contributor relative to GNI (0.18% 2016[3]) but is the largest single DAC donor of ODA in 2019 (US$34.6 billion), followed by Germany (0.6% GNI, US$23.8 billion), the United Kingdom (0.7%, US$19.4 billion), Japan (0.2%, US$15.5 billion) and France (0.4%, US$12.2 billion). Many providers beyond the DAC have long traditions of development cooperation. Amongst these, according to the preliminary figures for 2019 reported to the OECD, Turkey exceeded the 0.7% ODA/GNI target with 1.15%.[1]
To qualify as official development assistance, a contribution must contain three elements:
Thus, by definition, ODA does not include private donations, nor any development loans at market rates.
The sum of contributions by EU member states, considered separately from EU institutions, was $73.80 billion.[4]
The OECD's Development Assistance Committee members' total budget reached 152.8 billion dollars and was contributed by the following donors in 2019:[1]
Donor | Total development aid | Development aid per capita [citation needed] |
% of GNI |
---|---|---|---|
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$2.95 billion | $129.92 | 0.22 |
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$1.21 billion | $137.59 | 0.27 |
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$2.18 billion | $167.20 | 0.42 |
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$6.4 billion[5] | $170.25 | 0.27 |
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$310 million | $18.85 | 0.13 |
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$2.55 billion | $447.05 | 0.71 |
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$14.827 billion[6] | $27.03 | |
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$1.13 billion | $234.13 | 0.42 |
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$12.18 billion | $137.35 | 0.44 |
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$23.81 billion | $214.73 | 0.60 |
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$310 million | $25.04 | 0.14 |
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$70 million | $120.29 | 0.27 |
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$940 million | $151.2 | 0.31 |
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$4.9 billion | $63.38 | 0.24 |
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$15.51 billion[7] | $73.58 | 0.29 |
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$470 million | $609.48 | 1.05 |
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$5.29 billion | $338.38 | 0.59 |
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$560 million | $90.75 | 0.28 |
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$4.29 billion | $812.58 | 1.02 |
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$680 million | $11.45 | 0.12 |
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$370 million | $30.07 | 0.16 |
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$130 million | $16.56 | 0.12 |
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$90 million | $29.04 | 0.16 |
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$2.52 billion | $37.13 | 0.15 |
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$2.90 billion | $34.52 | 0.21 |
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$5.40 billion | $701.10 | 0.99 |
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$3.09 billion | $421.37 | 0.44 |
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$19.37 billion | $284.85 | 0.50 |
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$34.62 billion | $95.52 | 0.16 |
Non-DAC members reported the following figures:
Donor | Total development aid | Development aid per capita [citation needed] |
% of GNI |
---|---|---|---|
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$38 billion [8][9][10] | $27.86 | 0.36 |
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$33 billion ($2.4 billion grants + $30.59 billion LOC)[11][12] | $21.24 | 0.65 |
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$12.24 billion | $467 | 0.55 |
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$8.652 billion | $47 | 1.15 |
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$2 billion [13] | $757.80 | 1.17 |
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$1.14 billion | $8 | 0.03 |
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$502 million [14][15][16][17] | $21.3 | 0.07 [14] |
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$411 million | $22 | 0.14 |
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$280 million | $24 | 0.07 |
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$150 million | $15 | 0.1 |
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$60 million | $14 | 0.11 |
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$50 million | $12 | 0.14 |
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$40 million | $23 | 0.13 |
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$40 million | $22 | 0.3 |
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$30 million | $10 | 0.10 |