Jump to content
 







Main menu
   


Navigation  



Main page
Contents
Current events
Random article
About Wikipedia
Contact us
Donate
 




Contribute  



Help
Learn to edit
Community portal
Recent changes
Upload file
 








Search  

































Create account

Log in
 









Create account
 Log in
 




Pages for logged out editors learn more  



Contributions
Talk
 



















Contents

   



(Top)
 


1 See also  





2 References  





3 External links  














Nostril






العربية
Aragonés
Беларуская
Bikol Central
Brezhoneg
Català
Čeština
Dagbanli
Dansk
Deutsch
ދިވެހިބަސް
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge

ि
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית

Kurdî
Lietuvių
Македонски
Bahasa Melayu
 

Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Sicilianu
Simple English
Српски / srpski
Sunda
Svenska
Tagalog
ி

Tyap
Українська
Tiếng Vit

 

Edit links
 









Article
Talk
 

















Read
Edit
View history
 








Tools
   


Actions  



Read
Edit
View history
 




General  



What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Cite this page
Get shortened URL
Download QR code
Wikidata item
 




Print/export  



Download as PDF
Printable version
 
















Appearance
   

 






From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 

(Redirected from Nares)

Nostril
Human nostrils
Details
Part ofNose
SystemOlfactory system
Identifiers
Latinnaris
TA98A06.1.02.002
TA23166
FMA72005
Anatomical terminology

[edit on Wikidata]

Anostril (ornaris /ˈnɛərɪs/, pl.: nares /ˈnɛərz/) is either of the two orifices of the nose. They enable the entry and exit of air and other gasses through the nasal cavities. In birds and mammals, they contain branched bones or cartilages called turbinates, whose function is to warm air on inhalation and remove moisture on exhalation. Fish do not breathe through noses, but they do have two small holes used for smelling, which can also be referred to as nostrils (with the exception of Cyclostomi, which have just one nostril).

Inhumans, the nasal cycle is the normal ultradian cycle of each nostril's blood vessels becoming engorged in swelling, then shrinking.

The nostrils are separated by the septum. The septum can sometimes be deviated, causing one nostril to appear larger than the other. With extreme damage to the septum and columella, the two nostrils are no longer separated and form a single larger external opening.

Like other tetrapods, humans have two external nostrils (anterior nares) and two additional nostrils at the back of the nasal cavity, inside the head (posterior nares, posterior nasal apertures or choanae). They also connect the nose to the throat (the nasopharynx), aiding in respiration. Though all four nostrils were on the outside of the head of the aquatic ancestors of modern tetrapods, the nostrils for outgoing water (excurrent nostrils) migrated to the inside of the mouth, as evidenced by the discovery of Kenichthys campbelli, a 395-million-year-old fossilized fish which shows this migration in progress. It has two nostrils between its front teeth, similar to human embryos at an early stage. If these fail to join up, the result is a cleft palate.[1]

Each external nostril contains approximately 1,000 strands of nasal hair, which function to filter foreign particles such as pollen and dust.[2]

It is possible for humans to smell different olfactory inputs in the two nostrils and experience a perceptual rivalry akin to that of binocular rivalry when there are two different inputs to the two eyes.[3] Furthermore, scent information from the two nostrils leads to two types of neural activity[4] with the first cycle corresponding to the ipsilateral and the second cycle corresponding to the contralateral odor representations.

The Procellariiformes are distinguished from other birds by having tubular extensions of their nostrils.

Widely-spaced nostrils, like those of the hammerhead shark, may be useful in determining the direction of an odour's source.[5][6]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Lloyd, John; Mitchinson, John (2008). The Book of General Ignorance. London: Faber and Faber. pp. 2, 299. ISBN 978-0-571-24139-2. OCLC 191753333. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
  • ^ Blume-Peytavi, Ulrike; Whiting, David A.; Trüeb, Ralph M. (2008). Hair Growth and Disorders. Berlin: Springer. p. 10. ISBN 978-3540469087.
  • ^ Zhou, Wen; Chen, Denise (29 September 2009). "Binaral rivalry between the nostrils and in the cortex". Current Biology. 19 (18): 1561–5. Bibcode:2009CBio...19.1561Z. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.07.052. PMC 2901510. PMID 19699095.
  • ^ Dikeçligil, Gülce Nazlı; Yang, Andrew I.; Sanghani, Nisha; Lucas, Timothy; Chen, H. Isaac; Davis, Kathryn A.; Gottfried, Jay A. (November 2023). "Odor representations from the two nostrils are temporally segregated in human piriform cortex". Current Biology. 33 (24): 5275–5287.e5. Bibcode:2023CBio...33E5275D. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.021. PMC 9948982. PMID 36824705.
  • ^ Gardiner, Jayne M.; Atema, Jelle (July 2010). "The Function of Bilateral Odor Arrival Time Differences in Olfactory Orientation of Sharks". Current Biology. 20 (13): 1187–1191. Bibcode:2010CBio...20.1187G. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2010.04.053. PMID 20541411. S2CID 13530789.
  • ^ "Cell Culture". Cell. 142 (4): 501–503. August 2010. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.009. S2CID 357010.
  • External links[edit]


    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nostril&oldid=1230207480"

    Categories: 
    Nose
    Facial features
    Otorhinolaryngology
    Hidden categories: 
    Articles with short description
    Short description is different from Wikidata
    Articles with TA98 identifiers
     



    This page was last edited on 21 June 2024, at 10:46 (UTC).

    Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.



    Privacy policy

    About Wikipedia

    Disclaimers

    Contact Wikipedia

    Code of Conduct

    Developers

    Statistics

    Cookie statement

    Mobile view



    Wikimedia Foundation
    Powered by MediaWiki