| Wheels of Fire | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||
| Studio album / Live album by | ||||
| Released | June 14, 1968 (1968-06-14) (US)[1] August 9, 1968 (1968-08-09) (UK) | |||
| Recorded | 1967–1968[2] | |||
| Venue | Winterland & The Fillmore, San Francisco, California | |||
| Studio |
| |||
| Genre | ||||
| Length | 35:53 (studio album) 44:23 (live album) 80:16 (total)[3] | |||
| Label | Polydor | |||
| Producer | Felix Pappalardi | |||
| Cream chronology | ||||
| ||||
| Singles from Wheels of Fire | ||||
| ||||
| Review scores | |
|---|---|
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |   [4] |
| About.com | [5] |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | [6] |
| MusicHound | [7] |
| Rolling Stone | (Positive)[8] |
| Chicago Tribune | [9] |
| Musician | (Positive)[10] |
| The Daily Vault | A[11] |
Wheels of Fire is the third album by the British rock band Cream. It was released in the US in June 1968 as a two-disc vinyl LP, with one disc recorded in the studio and the other recorded live. It was released in the UK on August 9. It reached number three in the United Kingdom and number one in the United States, Canada and Australia, becoming the world's first platinum-selling double album.[12][13] In May 2012, Rolling Stone magazine ranked it at number 205 on its list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.[14] It was voted number 757 in the third edition of Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums (2000).[15]
It was also released as two single LPs, Wheels of Fire (In the Studio) and Wheels of Fire (Live at the Fillmore), released together with similar cover art. In the UK the studio album art was black print on aluminium foil, while the live album art was a negative image of the studio cover. In Japan, the studio album art was black on gold foil, while the live album art was black on aluminium foil. In Australia, both covers were laminated copies of the Japanese releases.
Cream's third album was planned to be a double album on which Atco Records' producer Felix Pappalardi and the group would include several live performances.[16] Unlike Disraeli Gears, which had been recorded in a matter of days, the Wheels of Fire sessions took place in small bursts over many months. The group and Pappalardi had, in July and August 1967, recorded studio material at IBC Studios in London.[2] Recordings continued with short sessions at Atlantic Studios in September, October and December 1967. Further work took place at Atlantic in February 1968, during a break from the band's heavy tour schedule.[2][16] The following month,[2] Pappalardi ordered that a mobile recording studio in Los Angeles be shipped to the Fillmore Auditorium and the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco.[16] Six shows were recorded in San Francisco by Pappalardi and recording engineer Bill Halverson,[2] and extra performances not included on Wheels of Fire ended up on Live Cream and Live Cream Volume II.[16] Studio recordings and mixing for the album were completed in June 1968, nearly a year after they had started.
The recording engineers on disc one were Tom Dowd and Adrian Barber. The songs on disc two were recorded by Bill Halverson, and the performances on the second disc were mixed by Adrian Barber. The artwork for the album was by Martin Sharp,[2] who had also done the artwork for Disraeli Gears. The photography was by Jim Marshall.[2]
The band's drummer Ginger Baker co-wrote three songs for the album with pianist Mike Taylor. Bassist Jack Bruce co-wrote four songs with poet Pete Brown. Guitarist Eric Clapton contributed to the album by choosing two blues songs to cover.
For the second disc, Felix Pappalardi chose "Traintime" because it featured Jack Bruce's singing and harmonica playing, and "Toad" because it featured Ginger Baker's lengthy drum solo, while "Spoonful" and "Crossroads" were used to showcase Eric Clapton's guitar playing.[16]
Disc one: In the Studio
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "White Room" | Jack Bruce, Pete Brown 3 | 4:58 |
| 2. | "Sitting on Top of the World" | Walter Vinson, Lonnie Chatmon; arr. Chester Burnett | 4:58 |
| 3. | "Passing the Time" | Ginger Baker, Mike Taylor 1 3 | 4:32 |
| 4. | "As You Said" | Bruce, Brown | 4:20 |
| Total length: | 18:48 | ||
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Pressed Rat and Warthog" | Baker, Taylor | 3:13 |
| 2. | "Politician" | Bruce, Brown 3 | 4:12 |
| 3. | "Those Were the Days" | 3 Baker, Taylor | 2:53 |
| 4. | "Born Under a Bad Sign" | Booker T. Jones, William Bell 3 | 3:09 |
| 5. | "Deserted Cities of the Heart" | Bruce, Brown 2 3 | 3:38 |
| Total length: | 17:05 | ||
Disc two: Live at the Fillmore
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Recording date | Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Crossroads" | Robert Johnson, arr. Clapton | 10 March 1968 at Winterland, San Francisco, CA (1st show) | 4:18 |
| 2. | "Spoonful" | Willie Dixon | 10 March 1968 at Winterland, San Francisco, CA (1st show) | 16:47 |
| Total length: | 21:05 | |||
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Recording date | Length |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Traintime" | Bruce 4 | 8 March 1968 at Winterland, San Francisco, CA (1st show) | 7:02 |
| 2. | "Toad" | Baker | 7 March 1968 at The Fillmore, San Francisco, CA (2nd show) | 16:16 |
| Total length: | 23:18 | |||
Performers on disc one are "the Cream quartet" consisting of Clapton, Baker, and Bruce together with Felix Pappalardi, who plays many different instruments and is also credited with production.
^Note 1: Some pressings of this album contain a longer version of "Passing the Time". The "long version" is extended by one minute and 13 seconds, and was included on the gold CD issued by DCC Compact Classics. An "extended version" included on Those Were the Days is an additional seven seconds longer.
^Note 2: Original pressings of Wheels of Fire incorrectly listed the running time of "Deserted Cities of the Heart" at 4:36. This incorrect time was still present on 1980s pressings in the UK.
^Note 3: Some songs on the studio album were processed with the Haeco-CSG system. Also processed was "Anyone for Tennis", which was released as a single. Haeco-CSG was intended to make stereo recordings that were compatible with mono playback but has the unfortunate side effect of "blurring" the phantom centre channel. On Wheels of Fire this side effect is particularly noticeable during Eric Clapton's guitar solo on "Deserted Cities of the Heart".
^Note 4: Original album pressings list "John Group" as the author of "Traintime". The "John Group" appellation dates back to Jack Bruce's tenure with the Graham Bond Organisation (with whom Bruce originally recorded the song in 1965) and was used by that band to ensure that members other than Bond received songwriting royalties.[17] The song is based on a vintage blues by Peter Chatman.
While the second disc is labelled Live at the Fillmore, only "Toad" was recorded there. The other three tracks were recorded at the Winterland Ballroom.[18]
In 2014, Japan Polydor released a two-disc limited edition SHM-CD (UICY-76024/5) with four bonus tracks: two on the studio disc, and two on the live one.
Per liner notes[2]
"White Room" Recorded at IBC Studios, July and August 1967; Atlantic Studios, September, 9–10 October, and 12–15 December 1967; 13–22 February and 12–13 June 1968[19][20]
"Sitting on Top of the World" Recorded at IBC Studios, July 1967; Atlantic Studios, September 1967
"Born Under a Bad Sign" Recorded at IBC Studios, July and August 1967; Atlantic Studios, September 1967
"Pressed Rat and Warthog" Recorded at Atlantic Studios, 9–10 October and 12–15 December 1967; 13–22 February 1968
"Anyone for Tennis" Recorded at Atlantic Studios, 9–10 October and 12–15 December 1967; 13–22 February 1968
"Passing the Time" Recorded at Atlantic Studios, 13–22 February and 12–13 June 1968
"As You Said" Recorded at Atlantic Studios, 13–22 February and 12–13 June 1968
"Politician" Recorded at Atlantic Studios, 13–22 February and 12–13 June 1968
"Deserted Cities of the Heart" Recorded at Atlantic Studios, 13–22 February and 12–13 June 1968
"Those Were the Days" Recorded at Atlantic Studios, 12–13 June 1968
| Chart (1968–1969) | Peak position |
|---|---|
| Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[21] | 1 |
| Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)[22] | 1 |
| Finnish Albums (Suomen virallinen lista)[23] | 3 |
| French Albums (SNEP)[24] | 2 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[25] | 15 |
| Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[26] | 16 |
| UK Albums (OCC)[27] | 3 |
| USBillboard 200[28] | 1 |
| USTop R&B Albums (Billboard)[29] | 11 |
| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
|---|---|
| Croatian International Albums (HDU)[30] | 25 |
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
|---|---|---|
| Australia (ARIA)[31] | Platinum | 70,000^ |
| United Kingdom (BPI)[32] 1998 release |
Silver | 60,000‡ |
| United States (RIAA)[33] | Gold | 500,000^ |
|
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone. | ||
