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'[[File:Mykad.jpg|thumb|Press Release image of the new features that are included in the MyKad]]
{{Use British English|date=October 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2011}}
'''MyKad''' is the compulsory [[identity document]] for [[Malaysia]]n citizens aged 12 and above. Introduced by the ''National Registration Department of Malaysia'' on 5 September 2001 as one of four [[MSC Malaysia]] flagship applications<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.jpn.gov.my/sites/default/files/rotor/mykad_banner2.png| title = MSC Malaysia Flagship Applications| accessdate =28 December 2010}}</ref> and a replacement for the '''High Quality Identity Card''' (''Kad Pengenalan Bermutu Tinggi''), Malaysia became the first country in the world to use an identification card that incorporates both photo identification and [[fingerprint]] [[biometrics|biometric]] data on an in-built computer chip embedded in a piece of plastic.<ref name = "Star">{{Cite web| url = http://smartcard.msc.com.my/images/MyID%20-%20Star%20-%20010210.bmp| title = One for All| accessdate =28 December 2010}}</ref>
Besides the main purpose of the card as a validation tool and proof of citizenship other than the [[birth certificate]], MyKad may also serve as a valid [[driver's license]], an [[ATM card]], an [[electronic purse]], and a [[public key]], among other applications, as part of the Malaysian Government Multipurpose Card (GMPC) initiative, if the bearer chooses to activate the functions.
Other cards which are currently in use or soon to be introduced in the GMPC initiative and share similar features are:
# '''MyKid''' – for Malaysian citizens under the age of 12 including newborns (non-compulsory);<ref>
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.jpn.gov.my/en/informasi/mykid
| title = MyKid
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref>
# '''MyPR''' – for Malaysian [[Permanent residency|Permanent Residents]];<ref>
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.jpn.gov.my/en/informasi/mypr
| title = MyPR
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref>
# '''MyTentera''' – for [[Malaysian Armed Forces]] personnel;<ref name = "MyTentera">
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.nst.com.my/nst/articles/20lead/Article/
| title = MyTentera card for soldiers
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref> and
# '''MyPolis''' – for [[Royal Malaysian Police]] personnel.<ref name = "MyTentera" />
==Etymology==
The term MyKad is a [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]] of two words with [[Ambiguity|ambiguous]] meanings; namely '''My''' and '''Kad'''.
'''My''' can be:
* the [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2]] code for [[Malaysia]]; or
* the English word ''[[wikt:my|my]]''
'''Kad''' can be:
* the [[Malay language|Malay]] word for ''[[wikt:card|card]]''; or
* the acronym for '''Kad Akuan Diri''' or Personal Identification Card;<ref name = "MC">
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.malaysiacentral.com/article_people_of_malaysia/mykad_the_government_multipurpose_card.php
| title = MyKad: The Government Multipurpose Card
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref> or
* the acronym for '''Kad Aplikasi Digital''' or Digital Application Card.<ref name = "MC" />
==Technical specifications==
The initial MyKad was a [[Smart card#Contact|contact card]] solution developed and manufactured by IRIS Corporation. Made of PC with the dimensions in the [[ISO/IEC 7810|ISO/IEC 7816 ID-1]] format (standard credit card format), the initial card had a 32[[kilobyte|kb]] [[EEPROM]] (Electronically Erasable Programmable [[Read-only memory|Read-Only]] [[Memory (computers)|Memory]]) embedded chip running on '''M-COS''' (MyKad Chip [[Operating System]]). In November 2002, the capacity was increased to 64kb.
The upgraded and current version of the MyKad is a hybrid card containing two chips for both contact and contactless interfaces. Currently, this hybrid type MyKad is only issued in Malaysian states that employ the [[Touch 'n Go]] application.
The MyKad chip has a data retention up to 20 years, while the card itself has a lifespan of 10 years and has been tested according to the '''ISO 10373''' standard.
==Eligibility and adoption==
All Malaysian citizens and permanent residents 12 years old or above are eligible for a MyKad. From 2001, it gradually replaced an older Malaysian Identity Card system, that had been in use since 1949 under [[British Empire|British]] colonial rule, with the intention of becoming ubiquitous by 2007. Children are issued with a MyKid after birth. This card is "upgraded" to a MyKad on the 12th birthday. The MyKad must be replaced when a person reaches 18 years old, as it is a requirement that the photograph be "current".
Adoption was optional but was spurred by the waiving of the application fee of between [[Malaysian ringgit|RM]]20 and RM50 until 31 December 2005. As of 27 December 2005, 1,180,208 Malaysians still held an old identity card. After the waiving period ended on 31 December 2005, each new first-time application comes with a fee of RM10.
==Applications on MyKad==
The MyKad project was developed was originally intended to have four functions:
* Identity card, including fingerprints and photo
* [[Driving licence]]
* [[Travel document]] in Malaysia and several neighbouring countries. However, a conventional passport is still required for international travel: the card is aimed at reducing congestion at the border by enabling the use of unmanned gates using biometric (fingerprint) identification.
* Storage of health information
===Current applications===
Four further applications were added before or during its initial release,
* [[e-cash]], an "electronic wallet" system intended for low-value, high-volume transactions (the maximum limit{{clarify|date=November 2010}} is US$500)
* [[Automated teller machine|ATM]] integration{{clarify|reason=does this mean it can be used as an ATM card?|date=November 2010}}
* [[Touch 'n Go]], Malaysia's [[toll road]] tolling system and also public transport payment
* [[Digital certificate]]{{clarify|reason=but what IS it?|date=November 2010}}, commonly known as [[Public Key Infrastructure]] (PKI), only supported by the 64Kb version (implemented by the end of 2002)
At this time, most{{specify|date=November 2010}} of the functions are still not widely used because they are not widely promoted{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}.
===Future / proposed applications===
The extensible design of the card may be leading to [[functionality creep]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}} Further applications envisaged by the government include:
* Frequent travellers' card
* Merge with the Payment Multi-Purpose Card ('PMPC'), giving the MyKad [[credit card|credit]] and [[debit card]] functions that will pave the way for other financial uses
===Personal identification===
MyKad must be carried at all times. Failure to do so may incur a fine of between RM3,000 and RM20,000 or jail term of up to three years.
No unauthorised persons, including security guards, are allowed to retain the MyKads of other people. Only those authorised by the National Registration Department, like the police and immigration officers, can do so.
For Muslim citizens, "Islam" is printed on the card below the picture of the holder. This is to help the enforcement of [[Shariah law]], which is applicable only to Muslims.
As the state of [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]] maintain separate immigration controls, citizens who has permanent residency in the state of Sabah and Sarawak are denoted by the letters "H" and "K" respectively on the bottom right corner of their card.
===Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)===
MyKad's [[Public Key Infrastructure]] (PKI) application allows for two digital certificates to be inserted. MyKad holders can apply and purchase the digital certificates from two of Malaysia's [[certification authority]], [http://www.msctrustgate.com MSCTrustgate.com Sdn. Bhd.] and [http://www.digicert.com.my DigiCert Sdn. Bhd.].
PKI allows for easy securing of private data over public [[telecommunications network]]s, thus allowing, secure electronic transactions over the Internet which include:
*Online submission of tax returns
*[[Online banking|Internet banking]]
*Secure email
===MyKad as a travel document===
MyKad can be used as a travel document for citizens from [[Peninsular Malaysia]] to travel to [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]] for social and business visits not more than three months.
Frequent travellers between Malaysia and [[Brunei]] can use MyKad as a travel document.<ref>[http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/8/15/nation/18593142&sec=nation Malaysia and Brunei to allow frequent travellers to use ICs]</ref>
As Malaysia stopped issuing and renewing Restricted Passports for citizens from Peninsular Malaysia to travel to [[Singapore]] beginning 1 January 2006, Malaysia considered negotiating with Singapore to allow frequent Malaysian travellers to enter Singapore using MyKad. However, Singapore rejected the use of MyKad by frequent Malaysian travellers to enter the country, citing security concerns.
==Other cards with similar MyKad features==
===MyKid===
'''MyKid''' is a chip-based children identity card or personal identification issued to children under the age of 12. Introduced on 1 January 2003, MyKid contains features similar to MyKad except that it does not include a photograph and thumbprint biometric data.
The term '''Kid''' refers to:
* Slang for '''child''' in the English language; or
* Acronym for '''Kad Identiti Diri''' or Personal Identification Card.
MyKid is issued in '''pink''' instead of blue (colour of MyKad). Visible data for MyKid include:
* The heading ''Kad Pengenalan Kanak-kanak Malaysia''
* [[NRIC Number (Malaysia)|NRIC Number]]
* Full name in block letters
* Permanent address
* Gender
* Citizenship status
The MyKid chip currently stores only three types of data:
* Birth data e.g., information on birth parents
* Health information e.g., immunisation records
* Education information e.g., enrolment in schools
(children born before 2003 do not get a MyKid)
===MyPR===
MyPR is an identity card or personal identification issued to residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status. All residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status are required to change their identity card to MyPR with effect from 1 June 2006. The MyPR is red and visible data include:
* The heading: KAD PENGENALAN MALAYSIA PERMASTAUTIN TETAP ({{lang-ms|Malaysia Permanent Resident Identity Card}})
* FULL NAME HERE
* NRIC number
* Permanent address
* Gender
* Permanent residence status
===MyKAS===
MyKAS is a temporary resident identity card issued under Regulation 5 (3) of the National Registration Regulations 1990. It is green with expiry date indicated on the card.
MyKAS must be renewed within five years.
===MyTentera===
The MyTentera will replace the current '''BAT C 10''' document (Malay: ''Borang Angkatan Tentera C 10'') (Armed Forces Form C 10).
The MyTentera will be silver and feature the [[Malaysian Armed Forces]] logo at the back top-right corner. It will also contain a 12-digit military identification number similar to the [[NRIC Number (Malaysia)|NRIC Number]].<ref name = "MyTentera" />
==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
* Knight, Will. [http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn1331 "Malaysia pioneers smart cards with fingerprint data"], ''New Scientist'', 21 September 2001
* [http://www.iris.com.my/News/new_detail.asp?id=93 "MyKid for all newborn babies soon"], ''The Star'', 26 February 2003
* Thomas, M. [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/MULR/2004/15.html Is Malaysia's MyKad the 'One Card to Rule Them All'? The Urgent Need to Develop a Proper Legal Framework for the Protection of Personal Information in Malaysia"], ''Melbourne University Law Review'', 2004
* Krishnamoorthy, M. [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/23/nation/12943878&sec=nation "Easy step to amend religion in MyKad"], ''The Star'', 23 December 2005
* Sujata, V.P. [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/29/nation/12977883&sec=nation "Applicants to be charged a fee from next year"], ''The Star'', 29 December 2005
* [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/30/nation/12988336&sec=nation "Mad rush to beat the deadline"], ''The Star'', 30 December 2005
* [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/30/nation/12985282&sec=nation "Abusive bunch forces Kepong branch to call in cops"], ''The Star'', 30 December 2005
* Anis, M.N. [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2006/4/6/nation/13884219&sec=nation "Singapore 'no' to MyKad"], ''The Star'', 6 April 2005.
* Fadzil, M.M. [http://km-portal.mdc.com.my/030606%20MyKad%20The%20Malaysian%20Experience.ppt "The Malaysian Experience: Implementing A National Multi-applications Citizen's Card"] – see here for further details of the exact information stored on the card
* Raja Petra Kamarudin [http://www.malaysia-today.net/loonyMY/2005_10_13_MT_loonyMY_archive.htm Give them a uniform and it goes to their heads], ''Malaysia Today'', 13 October 2005.
* National Registration Act 1959 (Act 78) and Regulations, International Law Book Services, 15 January 2007.
==External links==
* [http://www.jpn.gov.my/kppk1/Index2.htm MyKad website at the National Registration Department]
* [http://mykadpro.onlineapp.com.my/default.aspx MyKad Based Application Developers]
{{Multimedia Super Corridor}}
{{identity cards}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mykad}}
[[Category:Authentication methods]]
[[Category:Economy of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Malaysian law]]
[[Category:National identity cards by country|Malaysia]]'
|
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) |
'[[File:Mykad.jpg|thumb|Press Release image of the new features that are included in the MyKad]]
{{Use British English|date=October 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2011}}
'''MyKad''' is the compulsory [[identity document]] for [[Malaysia]]n citizens aged 12 and above. Introduced by the ''National Registration Department of Malaysia'' on 5 September 2001 as one of four [[MSC Malaysia]] flagship applications<ref>{{Cite web| url = http://www.jpn.gov.my/sites/default/files/rotor/mykad_banner2.png| title = MSC Malaysia Flagship Applications| accessdate =28 December 2010}}</ref> and a replacement for the '''High Quality Identity Card''' (''Kad Pengenalan Bermutu Tinggi''), Malaysia became the first country in the world to use an identification card that incorporates both photo identification and [[fingerprint]] [[biometrics|biometric]] data on an in-built computer chip embedded in a piece of plastic.<ref name = "Star">{{Cite web| url = http://smartcard.msc.com.my/images/MyID%20-%20Star%20-%20010210.bmp| title = One for All| accessdate =28 December 2010}}</ref>
Besides the main purpose of the card as a validation tool and proof of citizenship other than the [[birth certificate]], MyKad may also serve as a valid [[driver's license]], an [[ATM card]], an [[electronic purse]], and a [[public key]], among other applications, as part of the Malaysian Government Multipurpose Card (GMPC) initiative, if the bearer chooses to activate the functions.
Other cards which are currently in use or soon to be introduced in the GMPC initiative and share similar features are:
# '''MyKid''' – for Malaysian citizens under the age of 12 including newborns (non-compulsory);<ref>
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.jpn.gov.my/en/informasi/mykid
| title = MyKid
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref>
# '''MyPR''' – for Malaysian [[Permanent residency|Permanent Residents]];<ref>
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.jpn.gov.my/en/informasi/mypr
| title = MyPR
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref>
# '''MyTentera''' – for [[Malaysian Armed Forces]] personnel;<ref name = "MyTentera">
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.nst.com.my/nst/articles/20lead/Article/
| title = MyTentera card for soldiers
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref> and
# '''MyPolis''' – for [[Royal Malaysian Police]] personnel.<ref name = "MyTentera" />
==Etymology==
The term MyKad is a [[Compound (linguistics)|compound]] of two words with [[Ambiguity|ambiguous]] meanings; namely '''My''' and '''Kad'''.
'''My''' can be:
* the [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2]] code for [[Malaysia]]; or
* the English word ''[[wikt:my|my]]''
'''Kad''' can be:
* the [[Malay language|Malay]] word for ''[[wikt:card|card]]''; or
* the acronym for '''Kad Akuan Diri''' or Personal Identification Card;<ref name = "MC">
{{Cite web
| url = http://www.malaysiacentral.com/article_people_of_malaysia/mykad_the_government_multipurpose_card.php
| title = MyKad: The Government Multipurpose Card
| accessdate =28 December 2010
}}
</ref> or
* the acronym for '''Kad Aplikasi Digital''' or Digital Application Card.<ref name = "MC" />
==Technical specifications==
The initial MyKad was a [[Smart card#Contact|contact card]] solution developed and manufactured by IRIS Corporation. Made of PC with the dimensions in the [[ISO/IEC 7810|ISO/IEC 7816 ID-1]] format (standard credit card format), the initial card had a 32[[kilobyte|kb]] [[EEPROM]] (Electronically Erasable Programmable [[Read-only memory|Read-Only]] [[Memory (computers)|Memory]]) embedded chip running on '''M-COS''' (MyKad Chip [[Operating System]]). In November 2002, the capacity was increased to 64kb.
The upgraded and current version of the MyKad is a hybrid card containing two chips for both contact and contactless interfaces. Currently, this hybrid type MyKad is only issued in Malaysian states that employ the [[Touch 'n Go]] application.
The MyKad chip has a data retention up to 20 years, while the card itself has a lifespan of 10 years and has been tested according to the '''ISO 10373''' standard.
==Eligibility and adoption==
All Malaysian citizens and permanent residents 12 years old or above are eligible for a MyKad. From 2001, it gradually replaced an older Malaysian Identity Card system, that had been in use since 1949 under [[British Empire|British]] colonial rule, with the intention of becoming ubiquitous by 2007. Children are issued with a MyKid after birth. This card is "upgraded" to a MyKad on the 12th birthday. The MyKad must be replaced when a person reaches 18 years old, as it is a requirement that the photograph be "current".
Adoption was optional but was spurred by the waiving of the application fee of between [[Malaysian ringgit|RM]]20 and RM50 until 31 December 2005. As of 27 December 2005, 1,180,208 Malaysians still held an old identity card. After the waiving period ended on 31 December 2005, each new first-time application comes with a fee of RM10.
==Structure of the identity card number==
The Malaysian identity card number consists of 12 digits, with each block serving a certain function, as illustrated below:
:'''YYMMDD-@@-###X'''
The first six digits signify the person's date of birth; for example, a person born on 16 September 1963, would have 630916 as the first six digits of their identity card. Second example, a person born on 1 January 1900 would have 000101 as the first digits same with a person born on 1 January 2000.
@@, the seventh and eighth digit, indicates the place of birth. Policemen and armed forces is assigned with the unique digit, 88 and 99 respectively throughout their term of service. After ending their term of service, they would gain the MyKad with the middle digits based on their place of birth.
<nowiki>###</nowiki>, the ninth through eleventh digit is the random number generated by the National Registration Department of Malaysia's computer system.
X, the 12th digit indicates the sex of the person. Odd digits indicates male while even digits designates a person is female.
===Place of birth===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{| class=wikitable
! @@ !! Place of birth
|-
| 00 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 01 || Johor
|-
| 02 || Kedah
|-
| 03 || Kelantan
|-
| 04 || Malacca
|-
| 05 || Negeri Sembilan
|-
| 06 || Pahang
|-
| 07 || Penang
|-
| 08 || Perak
|-
| 09 || Perlis
|-
| 10 || Selangor
|-
| 11 || Terengganu
|-
| 12 || Sabah
|-
| 13 || Sarawak
|-
| 14 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
|-
| 15 || F. T. Labuan
|-
| 16 || F. T. Putrajaya
|-
| 17 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 18 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 19 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 20 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 21 || Johor
|-
| 22 || Johor
|-
| 23 || Johor
|-
| 24 || Johor
|-
| 25 || Kedah
|-
| 26 || Kedah
|-
| 27 || Kedah
|-
| 28 || Kelantan
|-
| 29 || Kelantan
|-
| 30 || Malacca
|-
| 31 || Negeri Sembilan
|-
| 32 || Pahang
|-
| 33 || Pahang
|-
| 34 || Penang
|-
| 35 || Penang
|-
| 36 || Perak
|-
| 37 || Perak
|-
| 38 || Perak
|-
| 39 || Perak
|-
| 40 || Perlis
|-
| 41 || Selangor
|-
| 42 || Selangor
|-
| 43 || Selangor
|-
| 44 || Selangor
|-
| 45 || Terengganu
|-
| 46 || Terengganu
|-
| 47 || Sabah
|-
| 48 || Sabah
|-
| 49 || Sabah
|-
| 50 || Sarawak
|-
| 51 || Sarawak
|-
| 52 || Sarawak
|-
| 53 || Sarawak
|-
| 54 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
|-
| 55 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
|-
| 56 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
|-
| 57 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
|-
| 58 || F. T. Labuan
|-
| 59 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 60 || Brunei
|-
| 61 || Indonesia
|-
| 62 || Cambodia / Democratic Kampuchea / Kampuchea
|-
| 63 || Laos
|-
| 64 || Myanmar
|-
| 65 || Philippines
|-
| 66 || Singapore
|}
{{col-2}}
{| class=wikitable
! @@ !! Place of birth
|-
| 67 || Thailand
|-
| 68 || Vietnam
|-
| 69 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 70 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 71 || Overseas Malaysian
|-
| 72 || Overseas Malaysian
|-
| 73 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 74 || China
|-
| 75 || India
|-
| 76 || Pakistan
|-
| 77 || Saudi Arabia
|-
| 78 || Sri Lanka
|-
| 79 || Bangladesh
|-
| 80 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 81 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 82 || Unknown state
|-
| 83 || American Samoa / Asia-Pacific / Australia / Christmas Island / Cocos (Keeling) Islands / Cook Islands / Fiji / French Polynesia / Guam / Heard Island and McDonald Islands / Marshall Islands / Micronesia / New Caledonia / New Zealand / Niue / Norfolk Islands / Papua New Guinea / Timor Leste / Tokelau / United States Minor Outlying Islands / Wallis and Futuna Islands
|-
| 84 || Anguilla / Argentina / Aruba / Bolivia / Brazil / Chile / Colombia / Ecuador / French Guinea / Guadeloupe / Guyana / Paraguay / Peru / South America / South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands / Suriname / Uruguay / Venezuela
|-
| 85 || Africa / Algeria / Angola / Botswana / Burundi / Cameroon / Central African Republic / Chad / Congo-Brazzaville / Congo-Kinshasa / Djibouti / Egypt / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Gabon / Gambia / Ghana / Guinea / Kenya / Liberia / Malawi / Mali / Mauritania / Mayotte / Morocco / Mozambique / Namibia / Niger / Nigeria / Rwanda / Reunion / Senegal / Sierra Leone / Somalia / South Africa / Sudan / Swaziland / Tanzania / Togo / Tonga / Tunisia / Uganda / Western Sahara / Zaire / Zambia / Zimbabwe
|-
| 86 || Armenia / Austria / Belgium / Cyprus / Denmark / Europe / Faroe Islands / France / Finland / Finland, Metropolitan / Germany / Germany, Democratic Republic / Germany, Federal Republic / Greece / Holy See (Vatican City) / Italy / Luxembourg / Macedonia / Malta / Mediterranean / Monaco / Netherlands / Norway / Portugal / Republic of Moldova / Slovakia / Slovenia / Spain / Sweden / Switzerland / U.K.-Dependent Territories CIT, U.K. National Overseas / U.K.-Overseas Citizen / U.K.-Protected Person / U.K.-Subject
|-
| 87 || Britain / Great Britain / Ireland
|-
| 88 || Bahrain / Iran / Iraq / Israel / Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Middle East / Oman / Qatar / Republic of Yemen / Syria / Turkey / United Arab Emirates / Yemen Arab Republic / Yemen People's Democratic Republic
|-
| 89 || Far East / Japan / North Korea / South Korea / Taiwan
|-
| 90 || Bahamas / Barbados / Belize / Caribbean / Costa Rica / Cuba / Dominica / Dominican Republic / El Salvador / Grenada / Guatemala / Haiti / Honduras / Jamaica / Martinique / Mexico / Nicaragua / Panama / Puerto Rico / Saint Kitts and Nevis / Trinidad and Tobago / Turks and Caicos Islands / Virgin Islands (USA)
|-
| 91 || Canada / Greenland / Netherlands Antilles / North America / Saint Pierre and Miquelon / United States of America
|-
| 92 || Albania / Belarus / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Bulgaria / Byelorussia / Croatia / Czech Republic / Czechoslovakia / Estonia / Georgia / Hungary / Latvia / Lithuania / Montenegro / Poland / Republic of Kosovo / Romania / Russian Federation / Serbia / U.S.S.R. / Ukraine
|-
| 93 || Afghanistan / Andorra / Antartica / Antigua and Barbuda / Azerbaijan / Benin / Bermuda / Bhutan / Bora-Bora / Bouvet Island / British Indian Ocean Territory / Burkina Faso / Cape Verde / Cayman Islands / Comoros / Dahomey / Equatorial Guinea / Falkland Islands / French Southern Territories / Gibraltar / Guinea-Bissau / Hong Kong / Iceland / Ivory Coast / Kazakhstan / Kiribati / Kyrgyzstan / Lesotho / Libya / Liechtenstein / Macau / Madagascar / Maghribi / Malagasy / Maldives / Mauritius / Mongolia / Montserrat / Nauru / Nepal / Northern Marianas Islands / Outer Mongolia / Palau / Palestine / Pitcairn Islands / Saint Helena / Saint Lucia / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines / Samoa / San Marino / Sao Tome and Principe / Seychelles / Solomon Islands / Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands / Tajikistan / Turkmenistan / Tuvalu / Upper Volta / Uzbekistan / Vanuatu / Vatican City / Virgin Islands (British) / Western Samoa / Yugoslavia
|-
| 94 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 95 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 96 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 97 || {{n/a}}
|-
| 98 || Stateless / Stateless Person Article 1/1954
|-
| 99 || Mecca / Neutral Zone / No Information / Refugee / Refugee Article 1/1951 / UN Specialized Agency / United Nations Organization / Unspecified Nationality
|}
{{col end}}
==Applications on MyKad==
The MyKad project was developed was originally intended to have four functions:
* Identity card, including fingerprints and photo
* [[Driving licence]]
* [[Travel document]] in Malaysia and several neighbouring countries. However, a conventional passport is still required for international travel: the card is aimed at reducing congestion at the border by enabling the use of unmanned gates using biometric (fingerprint) identification.
* Storage of health information
===Current applications===
Four further applications were added before or during its initial release,
* [[e-cash]], an "electronic wallet" system intended for low-value, high-volume transactions (the maximum limit{{clarify|date=November 2010}} is US$500)
* [[Automated teller machine|ATM]] integration{{clarify|reason=does this mean it can be used as an ATM card?|date=November 2010}}
* [[Touch 'n Go]], Malaysia's [[toll road]] tolling system and also public transport payment
* [[Digital certificate]]{{clarify|reason=but what IS it?|date=November 2010}}, commonly known as [[Public Key Infrastructure]] (PKI), only supported by the 64Kb version (implemented by the end of 2002)
At this time, most{{specify|date=November 2010}} of the functions are still not widely used because they are not widely promoted{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}}.
===Future / proposed applications===
The extensible design of the card may be leading to [[functionality creep]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2010}} Further applications envisaged by the government include:
* Frequent travellers' card
* Merge with the Payment Multi-Purpose Card ('PMPC'), giving the MyKad [[credit card|credit]] and [[debit card]] functions that will pave the way for other financial uses
===Personal identification===
MyKad must be carried at all times. Failure to do so may incur a fine of between RM3,000 and RM20,000 or jail term of up to three years.
No unauthorised persons, including security guards, are allowed to retain the MyKads of other people. Only those authorised by the National Registration Department, like the police and immigration officers, can do so.
For Muslim citizens, "Islam" is printed on the card below the picture of the holder. This is to help the enforcement of [[Shariah law]], which is applicable only to Muslims.
As the state of [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]] maintain separate immigration controls, citizens who has permanent residency in the state of Sabah and Sarawak are denoted by the letters "H" and "K" respectively on the bottom right corner of their card.
===Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)===
MyKad's [[Public Key Infrastructure]] (PKI) application allows for two digital certificates to be inserted. MyKad holders can apply and purchase the digital certificates from two of Malaysia's [[certification authority]], [http://www.msctrustgate.com MSCTrustgate.com Sdn. Bhd.] and [http://www.digicert.com.my DigiCert Sdn. Bhd.].
PKI allows for easy securing of private data over public [[telecommunications network]]s, thus allowing, secure electronic transactions over the Internet which include:
*Online submission of tax returns
*[[Online banking|Internet banking]]
*Secure email
===MyKad as a travel document===
MyKad can be used as a travel document for citizens from [[Peninsular Malaysia]] to travel to [[Sabah]] and [[Sarawak]] for social and business visits not more than three months.
Frequent travellers between Malaysia and [[Brunei]] can use MyKad as a travel document.<ref>[http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2007/8/15/nation/18593142&sec=nation Malaysia and Brunei to allow frequent travellers to use ICs]</ref>
As Malaysia stopped issuing and renewing Restricted Passports for citizens from Peninsular Malaysia to travel to [[Singapore]] beginning 1 January 2006, Malaysia considered negotiating with Singapore to allow frequent Malaysian travellers to enter Singapore using MyKad. However, Singapore rejected the use of MyKad by frequent Malaysian travellers to enter the country, citing security concerns.
==Other cards with similar MyKad features==
===MyKid===
'''MyKid''' is a chip-based children identity card or personal identification issued to children under the age of 12. Introduced on 1 January 2003, MyKid contains features similar to MyKad except that it does not include a photograph and thumbprint biometric data.
The term '''Kid''' refers to:
* Slang for '''child''' in the English language; or
* Acronym for '''Kad Identiti Diri''' or Personal Identification Card.
MyKid is issued in '''pink''' instead of blue (colour of MyKad). Visible data for MyKid include:
* The heading ''Kad Pengenalan Kanak-kanak Malaysia''
* [[NRIC Number (Malaysia)|NRIC Number]]
* Full name in block letters
* Permanent address
* Gender
* Citizenship status
The MyKid chip currently stores only three types of data:
* Birth data e.g., information on birth parents
* Health information e.g., immunisation records
* Education information e.g., enrolment in schools
(children born before 2003 do not get a MyKid)
===MyPR===
MyPR is an identity card or personal identification issued to residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status. All residents of Malaysia with permanent resident status are required to change their identity card to MyPR with effect from 1 June 2006. The MyPR is red and visible data include:
* The heading: KAD PENGENALAN MALAYSIA PERMASTAUTIN TETAP ({{lang-ms|Malaysia Permanent Resident Identity Card}})
* FULL NAME HERE
* NRIC number
* Permanent address
* Gender
* Permanent residence status
===MyKAS===
MyKAS is a temporary resident identity card issued under Regulation 5 (3) of the National Registration Regulations 1990. It is green with expiry date indicated on the card.
MyKAS must be renewed within five years.
===MyTentera===
The MyTentera will replace the current '''BAT C 10''' document (Malay: ''Borang Angkatan Tentera C 10'') (Armed Forces Form C 10).
The MyTentera will be silver and feature the [[Malaysian Armed Forces]] logo at the back top-right corner. It will also contain a 12-digit military identification number similar to the [[NRIC Number (Malaysia)|NRIC Number]].<ref name = "MyTentera" />
==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
* Knight, Will. [http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn1331 "Malaysia pioneers smart cards with fingerprint data"], ''New Scientist'', 21 September 2001
* [http://www.iris.com.my/News/new_detail.asp?id=93 "MyKid for all newborn babies soon"], ''The Star'', 26 February 2003
* Thomas, M. [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/MULR/2004/15.html Is Malaysia's MyKad the 'One Card to Rule Them All'? The Urgent Need to Develop a Proper Legal Framework for the Protection of Personal Information in Malaysia"], ''Melbourne University Law Review'', 2004
* Krishnamoorthy, M. [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/23/nation/12943878&sec=nation "Easy step to amend religion in MyKad"], ''The Star'', 23 December 2005
* Sujata, V.P. [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/29/nation/12977883&sec=nation "Applicants to be charged a fee from next year"], ''The Star'', 29 December 2005
* [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/30/nation/12988336&sec=nation "Mad rush to beat the deadline"], ''The Star'', 30 December 2005
* [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2005/12/30/nation/12985282&sec=nation "Abusive bunch forces Kepong branch to call in cops"], ''The Star'', 30 December 2005
* Anis, M.N. [http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2006/4/6/nation/13884219&sec=nation "Singapore 'no' to MyKad"], ''The Star'', 6 April 2005.
* Fadzil, M.M. [http://km-portal.mdc.com.my/030606%20MyKad%20The%20Malaysian%20Experience.ppt "The Malaysian Experience: Implementing A National Multi-applications Citizen's Card"] – see here for further details of the exact information stored on the card
* Raja Petra Kamarudin [http://www.malaysia-today.net/loonyMY/2005_10_13_MT_loonyMY_archive.htm Give them a uniform and it goes to their heads], ''Malaysia Today'', 13 October 2005.
* National Registration Act 1959 (Act 78) and Regulations, International Law Book Services, 15 January 2007.
==External links==
* [http://www.jpn.gov.my/kppk1/Index2.htm MyKad website at the National Registration Department]
* [http://mykadpro.onlineapp.com.my/default.aspx MyKad Based Application Developers]
{{Multimedia Super Corridor}}
{{identity cards}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mykad}}
[[Category:Authentication methods]]
[[Category:Economy of Malaysia]]
[[Category:Malaysian law]]
[[Category:National identity cards by country|Malaysia]]'
|
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) |
'@@ -59,4 +59,229 @@
Adoption was optional but was spurred by the waiving of the application fee of between [[Malaysian ringgit|RM]]20 and RM50 until 31 December 2005. As of 27 December 2005, 1,180,208 Malaysians still held an old identity card. After the waiving period ended on 31 December 2005, each new first-time application comes with a fee of RM10.
+
+==Structure of the identity card number==
+The Malaysian identity card number consists of 12 digits, with each block serving a certain function, as illustrated below:
+
+:'''YYMMDD-@@-###X'''
+
+The first six digits signify the person's date of birth; for example, a person born on 16 September 1963, would have 630916 as the first six digits of their identity card. Second example, a person born on 1 January 1900 would have 000101 as the first digits same with a person born on 1 January 2000.
+
+@@, the seventh and eighth digit, indicates the place of birth. Policemen and armed forces is assigned with the unique digit, 88 and 99 respectively throughout their term of service. After ending their term of service, they would gain the MyKad with the middle digits based on their place of birth.
+
+<nowiki>###</nowiki>, the ninth through eleventh digit is the random number generated by the National Registration Department of Malaysia's computer system.
+
+X, the 12th digit indicates the sex of the person. Odd digits indicates male while even digits designates a person is female.
+
+===Place of birth===
+{{col-begin}}
+{{col-2}}
+{| class=wikitable
+! @@ !! Place of birth
+|-
+| 00 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 01 || Johor
+|-
+| 02 || Kedah
+|-
+| 03 || Kelantan
+|-
+| 04 || Malacca
+|-
+| 05 || Negeri Sembilan
+|-
+| 06 || Pahang
+|-
+| 07 || Penang
+|-
+| 08 || Perak
+|-
+| 09 || Perlis
+|-
+| 10 || Selangor
+|-
+| 11 || Terengganu
+|-
+| 12 || Sabah
+|-
+| 13 || Sarawak
+|-
+| 14 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
+|-
+| 15 || F. T. Labuan
+|-
+| 16 || F. T. Putrajaya
+|-
+| 17 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 18 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 19 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 20 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 21 || Johor
+|-
+| 22 || Johor
+|-
+| 23 || Johor
+|-
+| 24 || Johor
+|-
+| 25 || Kedah
+|-
+| 26 || Kedah
+|-
+| 27 || Kedah
+|-
+| 28 || Kelantan
+|-
+| 29 || Kelantan
+|-
+| 30 || Malacca
+|-
+| 31 || Negeri Sembilan
+|-
+| 32 || Pahang
+|-
+| 33 || Pahang
+|-
+| 34 || Penang
+|-
+| 35 || Penang
+|-
+| 36 || Perak
+|-
+| 37 || Perak
+|-
+| 38 || Perak
+|-
+| 39 || Perak
+|-
+| 40 || Perlis
+|-
+| 41 || Selangor
+|-
+| 42 || Selangor
+|-
+| 43 || Selangor
+|-
+| 44 || Selangor
+|-
+| 45 || Terengganu
+|-
+| 46 || Terengganu
+|-
+| 47 || Sabah
+|-
+| 48 || Sabah
+|-
+| 49 || Sabah
+|-
+| 50 || Sarawak
+|-
+| 51 || Sarawak
+|-
+| 52 || Sarawak
+|-
+| 53 || Sarawak
+|-
+| 54 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
+|-
+| 55 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
+|-
+| 56 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
+|-
+| 57 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur
+|-
+| 58 || F. T. Labuan
+|-
+| 59 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 60 || Brunei
+|-
+| 61 || Indonesia
+|-
+| 62 || Cambodia / Democratic Kampuchea / Kampuchea
+|-
+| 63 || Laos
+|-
+| 64 || Myanmar
+|-
+| 65 || Philippines
+|-
+| 66 || Singapore
+|}
+{{col-2}}
+{| class=wikitable
+! @@ !! Place of birth
+|-
+| 67 || Thailand
+|-
+| 68 || Vietnam
+|-
+| 69 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 70 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 71 || Overseas Malaysian
+|-
+| 72 || Overseas Malaysian
+|-
+| 73 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 74 || China
+|-
+| 75 || India
+|-
+| 76 || Pakistan
+|-
+| 77 || Saudi Arabia
+|-
+| 78 || Sri Lanka
+|-
+| 79 || Bangladesh
+|-
+| 80 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 81 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 82 || Unknown state
+|-
+| 83 || American Samoa / Asia-Pacific / Australia / Christmas Island / Cocos (Keeling) Islands / Cook Islands / Fiji / French Polynesia / Guam / Heard Island and McDonald Islands / Marshall Islands / Micronesia / New Caledonia / New Zealand / Niue / Norfolk Islands / Papua New Guinea / Timor Leste / Tokelau / United States Minor Outlying Islands / Wallis and Futuna Islands
+|-
+| 84 || Anguilla / Argentina / Aruba / Bolivia / Brazil / Chile / Colombia / Ecuador / French Guinea / Guadeloupe / Guyana / Paraguay / Peru / South America / South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands / Suriname / Uruguay / Venezuela
+|-
+| 85 || Africa / Algeria / Angola / Botswana / Burundi / Cameroon / Central African Republic / Chad / Congo-Brazzaville / Congo-Kinshasa / Djibouti / Egypt / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Gabon / Gambia / Ghana / Guinea / Kenya / Liberia / Malawi / Mali / Mauritania / Mayotte / Morocco / Mozambique / Namibia / Niger / Nigeria / Rwanda / Reunion / Senegal / Sierra Leone / Somalia / South Africa / Sudan / Swaziland / Tanzania / Togo / Tonga / Tunisia / Uganda / Western Sahara / Zaire / Zambia / Zimbabwe
+|-
+| 86 || Armenia / Austria / Belgium / Cyprus / Denmark / Europe / Faroe Islands / France / Finland / Finland, Metropolitan / Germany / Germany, Democratic Republic / Germany, Federal Republic / Greece / Holy See (Vatican City) / Italy / Luxembourg / Macedonia / Malta / Mediterranean / Monaco / Netherlands / Norway / Portugal / Republic of Moldova / Slovakia / Slovenia / Spain / Sweden / Switzerland / U.K.-Dependent Territories CIT, U.K. National Overseas / U.K.-Overseas Citizen / U.K.-Protected Person / U.K.-Subject
+|-
+| 87 || Britain / Great Britain / Ireland
+|-
+| 88 || Bahrain / Iran / Iraq / Israel / Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Middle East / Oman / Qatar / Republic of Yemen / Syria / Turkey / United Arab Emirates / Yemen Arab Republic / Yemen People's Democratic Republic
+|-
+| 89 || Far East / Japan / North Korea / South Korea / Taiwan
+|-
+| 90 || Bahamas / Barbados / Belize / Caribbean / Costa Rica / Cuba / Dominica / Dominican Republic / El Salvador / Grenada / Guatemala / Haiti / Honduras / Jamaica / Martinique / Mexico / Nicaragua / Panama / Puerto Rico / Saint Kitts and Nevis / Trinidad and Tobago / Turks and Caicos Islands / Virgin Islands (USA)
+|-
+| 91 || Canada / Greenland / Netherlands Antilles / North America / Saint Pierre and Miquelon / United States of America
+|-
+| 92 || Albania / Belarus / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Bulgaria / Byelorussia / Croatia / Czech Republic / Czechoslovakia / Estonia / Georgia / Hungary / Latvia / Lithuania / Montenegro / Poland / Republic of Kosovo / Romania / Russian Federation / Serbia / U.S.S.R. / Ukraine
+|-
+| 93 || Afghanistan / Andorra / Antartica / Antigua and Barbuda / Azerbaijan / Benin / Bermuda / Bhutan / Bora-Bora / Bouvet Island / British Indian Ocean Territory / Burkina Faso / Cape Verde / Cayman Islands / Comoros / Dahomey / Equatorial Guinea / Falkland Islands / French Southern Territories / Gibraltar / Guinea-Bissau / Hong Kong / Iceland / Ivory Coast / Kazakhstan / Kiribati / Kyrgyzstan / Lesotho / Libya / Liechtenstein / Macau / Madagascar / Maghribi / Malagasy / Maldives / Mauritius / Mongolia / Montserrat / Nauru / Nepal / Northern Marianas Islands / Outer Mongolia / Palau / Palestine / Pitcairn Islands / Saint Helena / Saint Lucia / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines / Samoa / San Marino / Sao Tome and Principe / Seychelles / Solomon Islands / Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands / Tajikistan / Turkmenistan / Tuvalu / Upper Volta / Uzbekistan / Vanuatu / Vatican City / Virgin Islands (British) / Western Samoa / Yugoslavia
+|-
+| 94 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 95 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 96 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 97 || {{n/a}}
+|-
+| 98 || Stateless / Stateless Person Article 1/1954
+|-
+| 99 || Mecca / Neutral Zone / No Information / Refugee / Refugee Article 1/1951 / UN Specialized Agency / United Nations Organization / Unspecified Nationality
+|}
+{{col end}}
==Applications on MyKad==
'
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[
0 => false,
1 => '==Structure of the identity card number==',
2 => 'The Malaysian identity card number consists of 12 digits, with each block serving a certain function, as illustrated below:',
3 => false,
4 => ':'''YYMMDD-@@-###X'''',
5 => false,
6 => 'The first six digits signify the person's date of birth; for example, a person born on 16 September 1963, would have 630916 as the first six digits of their identity card. Second example, a person born on 1 January 1900 would have 000101 as the first digits same with a person born on 1 January 2000. ',
7 => false,
8 => '@@, the seventh and eighth digit, indicates the place of birth. Policemen and armed forces is assigned with the unique digit, 88 and 99 respectively throughout their term of service. After ending their term of service, they would gain the MyKad with the middle digits based on their place of birth.',
9 => false,
10 => '<nowiki>###</nowiki>, the ninth through eleventh digit is the random number generated by the National Registration Department of Malaysia's computer system.',
11 => false,
12 => 'X, the 12th digit indicates the sex of the person. Odd digits indicates male while even digits designates a person is female.',
13 => false,
14 => '===Place of birth===',
15 => '{{col-begin}}',
16 => '{{col-2}}',
17 => '{| class=wikitable',
18 => '! @@ !! Place of birth',
19 => '|-',
20 => '| 00 || {{n/a}}',
21 => '|-',
22 => '| 01 || Johor',
23 => '|-',
24 => '| 02 || Kedah',
25 => '|-',
26 => '| 03 || Kelantan',
27 => '|-',
28 => '| 04 || Malacca',
29 => '|-',
30 => '| 05 || Negeri Sembilan',
31 => '|-',
32 => '| 06 || Pahang',
33 => '|-',
34 => '| 07 || Penang',
35 => '|-',
36 => '| 08 || Perak',
37 => '|-',
38 => '| 09 || Perlis',
39 => '|-',
40 => '| 10 || Selangor',
41 => '|-',
42 => '| 11 || Terengganu',
43 => '|-',
44 => '| 12 || Sabah',
45 => '|-',
46 => '| 13 || Sarawak ',
47 => '|-',
48 => '| 14 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur',
49 => '|-',
50 => '| 15 || F. T. Labuan',
51 => '|-',
52 => '| 16 || F. T. Putrajaya',
53 => '|-',
54 => '| 17 || {{n/a}}',
55 => '|-',
56 => '| 18 || {{n/a}}',
57 => '|-',
58 => '| 19 || {{n/a}}',
59 => '|-',
60 => '| 20 || {{n/a}}',
61 => '|-',
62 => '| 21 || Johor',
63 => '|-',
64 => '| 22 || Johor',
65 => '|-',
66 => '| 23 || Johor',
67 => '|-',
68 => '| 24 || Johor',
69 => '|-',
70 => '| 25 || Kedah',
71 => '|-',
72 => '| 26 || Kedah',
73 => '|-',
74 => '| 27 || Kedah',
75 => '|-',
76 => '| 28 || Kelantan',
77 => '|-',
78 => '| 29 || Kelantan',
79 => '|-',
80 => '| 30 || Malacca',
81 => '|-',
82 => '| 31 || Negeri Sembilan',
83 => '|-',
84 => '| 32 || Pahang',
85 => '|-',
86 => '| 33 || Pahang',
87 => '|-',
88 => '| 34 || Penang',
89 => '|-',
90 => '| 35 || Penang',
91 => '|-',
92 => '| 36 || Perak',
93 => '|-',
94 => '| 37 || Perak',
95 => '|-',
96 => '| 38 || Perak',
97 => '|-',
98 => '| 39 || Perak',
99 => '|-',
100 => '| 40 || Perlis',
101 => '|-',
102 => '| 41 || Selangor',
103 => '|-',
104 => '| 42 || Selangor',
105 => '|-',
106 => '| 43 || Selangor',
107 => '|-',
108 => '| 44 || Selangor',
109 => '|-',
110 => '| 45 || Terengganu',
111 => '|-',
112 => '| 46 || Terengganu',
113 => '|-',
114 => '| 47 || Sabah',
115 => '|-',
116 => '| 48 || Sabah',
117 => '|-',
118 => '| 49 || Sabah',
119 => '|-',
120 => '| 50 || Sarawak ',
121 => '|-',
122 => '| 51 || Sarawak',
123 => '|-',
124 => '| 52 || Sarawak',
125 => '|-',
126 => '| 53 || Sarawak',
127 => '|-',
128 => '| 54 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur',
129 => '|-',
130 => '| 55 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur',
131 => '|-',
132 => '| 56 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur',
133 => '|-',
134 => '| 57 || F. T. Kuala Lumpur',
135 => '|-',
136 => '| 58 || F. T. Labuan',
137 => '|-',
138 => '| 59 || {{n/a}}',
139 => '|-',
140 => '| 60 || Brunei',
141 => '|-',
142 => '| 61 || Indonesia',
143 => '|-',
144 => '| 62 || Cambodia / Democratic Kampuchea / Kampuchea',
145 => '|-',
146 => '| 63 || Laos',
147 => '|-',
148 => '| 64 || Myanmar',
149 => '|-',
150 => '| 65 || Philippines',
151 => '|-',
152 => '| 66 || Singapore',
153 => '|}',
154 => '{{col-2}}',
155 => '{| class=wikitable',
156 => '! @@ !! Place of birth',
157 => '|-',
158 => '| 67 || Thailand',
159 => '|-',
160 => '| 68 || Vietnam',
161 => '|-',
162 => '| 69 || {{n/a}}',
163 => '|-',
164 => '| 70 || {{n/a}}',
165 => '|-',
166 => '| 71 || Overseas Malaysian',
167 => '|-',
168 => '| 72 || Overseas Malaysian',
169 => '|-',
170 => '| 73 || {{n/a}}',
171 => '|-',
172 => '| 74 || China',
173 => '|-',
174 => '| 75 || India',
175 => '|-',
176 => '| 76 || Pakistan',
177 => '|-',
178 => '| 77 || Saudi Arabia',
179 => '|-',
180 => '| 78 || Sri Lanka',
181 => '|-',
182 => '| 79 || Bangladesh',
183 => '|-',
184 => '| 80 || {{n/a}}',
185 => '|-',
186 => '| 81 || {{n/a}}',
187 => '|-',
188 => '| 82 || Unknown state',
189 => '|-',
190 => '| 83 || American Samoa / Asia-Pacific / Australia / Christmas Island / Cocos (Keeling) Islands / Cook Islands / Fiji / French Polynesia / Guam / Heard Island and McDonald Islands / Marshall Islands / Micronesia / New Caledonia / New Zealand / Niue / Norfolk Islands / Papua New Guinea / Timor Leste / Tokelau / United States Minor Outlying Islands / Wallis and Futuna Islands',
191 => '|-',
192 => '| 84 || Anguilla / Argentina / Aruba / Bolivia / Brazil / Chile / Colombia / Ecuador / French Guinea / Guadeloupe / Guyana / Paraguay / Peru / South America / South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands / Suriname / Uruguay / Venezuela',
193 => '|-',
194 => '| 85 || Africa / Algeria / Angola / Botswana / Burundi / Cameroon / Central African Republic / Chad / Congo-Brazzaville / Congo-Kinshasa / Djibouti / Egypt / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Gabon / Gambia / Ghana / Guinea / Kenya / Liberia / Malawi / Mali / Mauritania / Mayotte / Morocco / Mozambique / Namibia / Niger / Nigeria / Rwanda / Reunion / Senegal / Sierra Leone / Somalia / South Africa / Sudan / Swaziland / Tanzania / Togo / Tonga / Tunisia / Uganda / Western Sahara / Zaire / Zambia / Zimbabwe',
195 => '|-',
196 => '| 86 || Armenia / Austria / Belgium / Cyprus / Denmark / Europe / Faroe Islands / France / Finland / Finland, Metropolitan / Germany / Germany, Democratic Republic / Germany, Federal Republic / Greece / Holy See (Vatican City) / Italy / Luxembourg / Macedonia / Malta / Mediterranean / Monaco / Netherlands / Norway / Portugal / Republic of Moldova / Slovakia / Slovenia / Spain / Sweden / Switzerland / U.K.-Dependent Territories CIT, U.K. National Overseas / U.K.-Overseas Citizen / U.K.-Protected Person / U.K.-Subject',
197 => '|-',
198 => '| 87 || Britain / Great Britain / Ireland',
199 => '|-',
200 => '| 88 || Bahrain / Iran / Iraq / Israel / Jordan / Kuwait / Lebanon / Middle East / Oman / Qatar / Republic of Yemen / Syria / Turkey / United Arab Emirates / Yemen Arab Republic / Yemen People's Democratic Republic',
201 => '|-',
202 => '| 89 || Far East / Japan / North Korea / South Korea / Taiwan',
203 => '|-',
204 => '| 90 || Bahamas / Barbados / Belize / Caribbean / Costa Rica / Cuba / Dominica / Dominican Republic / El Salvador / Grenada / Guatemala / Haiti / Honduras / Jamaica / Martinique / Mexico / Nicaragua / Panama / Puerto Rico / Saint Kitts and Nevis / Trinidad and Tobago / Turks and Caicos Islands / Virgin Islands (USA)',
205 => '|-',
206 => '| 91 || Canada / Greenland / Netherlands Antilles / North America / Saint Pierre and Miquelon / United States of America',
207 => '|-',
208 => '| 92 || Albania / Belarus / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Bulgaria / Byelorussia / Croatia / Czech Republic / Czechoslovakia / Estonia / Georgia / Hungary / Latvia / Lithuania / Montenegro / Poland / Republic of Kosovo / Romania / Russian Federation / Serbia / U.S.S.R. / Ukraine',
209 => '|-',
210 => '| 93 || Afghanistan / Andorra / Antartica / Antigua and Barbuda / Azerbaijan / Benin / Bermuda / Bhutan / Bora-Bora / Bouvet Island / British Indian Ocean Territory / Burkina Faso / Cape Verde / Cayman Islands / Comoros / Dahomey / Equatorial Guinea / Falkland Islands / French Southern Territories / Gibraltar / Guinea-Bissau / Hong Kong / Iceland / Ivory Coast / Kazakhstan / Kiribati / Kyrgyzstan / Lesotho / Libya / Liechtenstein / Macau / Madagascar / Maghribi / Malagasy / Maldives / Mauritius / Mongolia / Montserrat / Nauru / Nepal / Northern Marianas Islands / Outer Mongolia / Palau / Palestine / Pitcairn Islands / Saint Helena / Saint Lucia / Saint Vincent and the Grenadines / Samoa / San Marino / Sao Tome and Principe / Seychelles / Solomon Islands / Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands / Tajikistan / Turkmenistan / Tuvalu / Upper Volta / Uzbekistan / Vanuatu / Vatican City / Virgin Islands (British) / Western Samoa / Yugoslavia',
211 => '|-',
212 => '| 94 || {{n/a}}',
213 => '|-',
214 => '| 95 || {{n/a}}',
215 => '|-',
216 => '| 96 || {{n/a}}',
217 => '|-',
218 => '| 97 || {{n/a}}',
219 => '|-',
220 => '| 98 || Stateless / Stateless Person Article 1/1954',
221 => '|-',
222 => '| 99 || Mecca / Neutral Zone / No Information / Refugee / Refugee Article 1/1951 / UN Specialized Agency / United Nations Organization / Unspecified Nationality',
223 => '|}',
224 => '{{col end}}'
]
|
Lines removed in edit (removed_lines) |
[]
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Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) |
0
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Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) |
1444181447
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