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'{{About|the 1960s TV series|the Scottish criminal|Sonny Leitch|the band|Dangerman (band)}} {{Infobox television| | show_name = Danger Man | image = [[Image:Danger Man titles screenshot.jpg|centre|300px|alt=Title Danger Man superimposed over a night street scene in Washington.]] | caption = First series titles | format = [[Espionage]] | runtime = 24–25 min. (Series 1)<br />48–49 min. (Series 2–4) | audio_format = [[Monophonic sound|Mono]] | picture_format = Film [[35mm]] [[4:3]] B/W<br />Series 4 in colour | creator = [[Ralph Smart]] | starring = [[Patrick McGoohan]] | theme_music_composer =[[#Music|See music]] | country = United Kingdom | company = [[ITC Entertainment|Incorporated Television Company]] | network = [[ITV]] | first_aired = 11 September 1960 | last_aired = 12 January 1968 | num_series = 4 | num_episodes = 86 | list_episodes = List of Danger Man episodes |}} '''''Danger Man''''' (titled '''''Secret Agent''''', '''''Destination Danger''''' and '''''John Drake''''' in non-UK markets) is a British television series that was broadcast between 1960 and 1962, and again between 1964 and 1968. The series featured [[Patrick McGoohan]] as secret agent [[John Drake (Danger Man)|John Drake]]. [[Ralph Smart]] created the programme and wrote many of the scripts. ''Danger Man'' was financed by [[Lew Grade]]'s [[ITC Entertainment]]. ==Series outline== From the 1st series voice-over: {{quote|Every government has its secret service branch. America, [[CIA]]; France, [[Deuxième Bureau]]; England, [[MI5]]. [[NATO]] also has its own. A messy job? Well that's when they usually call on me or someone like me. Oh yes, my name is Drake, John Drake.}} The line "NATO also has its own" is not always present. ==Programme overview== The first series of episodes ran to 24–25 minutes each and portrayed John Drake as working for a Washington, D.C.-based intelligence organization, chiefly acting on behalf of the [[NATO|North Atlantic Treaty Organization]]. However he often went on missions well out of NATO jurisdiction; assignments frequently took him to Africa, Latin America, and the Far East. In episode 9, "The Sanctuary", Drake declares that he is an [[Irish-American]]. He sometimes seemed at odds with his superiors about the ethics of the missions. Many of Drake's cases involved aiding democracy in foreign countries and he was also called upon to solve murders and crimes affecting the interests of either the U.S. or NATO or both. Beginning with the second series, which aired several years after the first, the episode's length was increased to 48–49 minutes and Drake underwent [[retcon]]ning and became a British agent (though he identifies himself as Irish in "The Battle of the Cameras") working for a secret British government agency called M9, though his [[Mid-Atlantic English]] accent persists for the first few episodes in production. Other than the largely nominal change of employer and nationality, Drake's mandate remains the same: "to undertake missions involving national and global security". In keeping with the episodic format of such series in the 1960s, there are no ongoing story arcs and there is no reference made to Drake's NATO adventures in the later M9 episodes. ===Pilot episode=== The pilot was written by [[Brian Clemens]], who later co-created ''[[The Avengers (TV series)|The Avengers]]''. In an interview Clemens said:<ref name="classim"/> <blockquote> The pilot I wrote was called "View from the Villa" and it was set in Italy, but the [[production manager]] set the shoot on location in [[Portmeirion]], which looked like Italy but which was much closer. And obviously the location stuck in Patrick McGoohan's mind, because that's where he shot his television series ''[[The Prisoner]]'' much later. </blockquote> The [[second unit director]] on the pilot, according to Clemens:<ref name="classim">{{cite web |url=http://www.classicimages.com/1999/may99/clemens.html|title= Interview with Brian Clemens, Classic Images website, May 1999}}</ref> <blockquote> ... shot some location and background stuff and sent the dailies back to the editing room at [[Elstree Studios|Elstree]]. [[Ralph Smart]] looked at them, hated them, and called up the second unit director and said "Look, these are terrible, you'll never be a film director," and then he fired him. The name of the second unit director? [[John Schlesinger]]. </blockquote> ===Early history=== The series succeeded in Europe, making McGoohan famous. However, when American financing for a second series failed, the program was cancelled.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}} The first season of the series aired on [[CBS]] from April 5 to September 13, 1961.<ref>Tim Brooks & Earle Marsh, ''The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network TV Shows 1946–present'' 5th Edition; New York: Ballantine, 1992, p. 205</ref> A 2000s DVD release of the first season by A&E Home Video erroneously states on its box that these episodes were never broadcast in the US. After a two-year hiatus, two things had changed; ''Danger Man'' had subsequently been resold all around the world, whilst repeat showings had created a public clamour for new shows. Also, by this time [[James Bond]] had become popular, as had [[Associated British Corporation|ABC]]'s ''[[The Avengers (TV series)|The Avengers]]''. (In the seventh episode of the first series, McGoohan's co-star was [[Lois Maxwell]], who became famous in the Bond movies as [[Miss Moneypenny]]). ''Danger Man'''s creator, Ralph Smart, re-thought the concept; the second season (1964) episodes were 49 minutes long and had a new musical theme, "High Wire". Drake gained an English accent and did not clash with his bosses at first. The revived ''Danger Man'' was finally broadcast in the U.S., it was now re-titled ''Secret Agent'', and first shown as a [[CBS]] summer replacement program, given the theme song "[[Secret Agent Man (song)|Secret Agent Man]]", sung by [[Johnny Rivers]], which became a success in itself. In other parts of the world, the show was titled ''Destination Danger'' or ''John Drake''. ===Character development=== {{Section OR|date=October 2009}} Unlike the later [[James Bond]] films, ''Danger Man'' strove for realism, dramatising credible [[Cold War]] tensions. In the second series, Drake is an undercover agent of the British external intelligence agency (called "M9" instead of the actual [[MI6]]). As in the earlier series, Drake finds himself in danger with not always happy outcomes; sometimes duty forces him to decisions which lead to good people suffering unfair consequences. Drake doesn't always do what his masters tell him. Developing a rule established in the first series, Drake is rarely armed, though he engaged in fist fights, and the gadgets he uses are credible. In fact, most were off the shelf, and their appearance in the series spurred sales of such commercial items as the folding binoculars (Battle of the Cameras) featured in the American title sequence and the sub-miniature [[Minox]] camera. Unlike James Bond, Drake is often shown re-using gadgets from previous episodes. Among the more frequently seen are a miniature reel-to-reel tape recorder hidden inside the head of an electric shaver or a pack of cigarettes, and a microphone that could be embedded in a wall near the target via a shotgun-like apparatus, that used [[Soda syphon|soda siphon]] cartridges containing [[Carbon dioxide#Inert gas|CO2]] as the propellant, allowing Drake to eavesdrop on conversations from a safe distance. Agent Drake uses his intelligence, charm and quick thinking rather than force. He usually plays a role to infiltrate a situation, for example to scout for a travel agency, naive soldier, embittered ex-convict, brainless playboy, imperious physician, opportunistic journalist, bumbling tourist, cold-blooded mercenary, bland diplomat, smarmy pop disk jockey, precise clerk, compulsive gambler, or impeccable butler. As Drake gets involved in a case, things are rarely as they seem. He is not infallible—he gets arrested, he makes mistakes, equipment fails, careful plans do not work; Drake often has to improvise an alternative plan. Sometimes investigation fails and he simply does something provocative to crack open the case. People he trusts can turn out to be untrustworthy or incompetent; he finds unexpected allies. John Drake, unlike Bond, never romanced any of the women, as McGoohan was determined to create a family-friendly show.<ref>"No Girls or Guns for Danger Man", ''Woman'', 30 October 1965, p.&nbsp;69.</ref> Drake uses his immense charm in his undercover work, and women are often very attracted to him, but the viewers are left to assume whatever they want about Drake's personal life. McGoohan denounced the sexual promiscuity of James Bond and ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]'', roles he had rejected, although he had played romantic roles before ''Danger Man''. The only exceptions to this rule were the two "linked episodes" of the series, "You're Not in Any Trouble, Are You?" and "Are You Going to be More Permanent?", in which Drake encounters two different women, both played by [[Susan Hampshire]], and which contain numerous similarities in dialogue and set-pieces and both end with Drake in a pseudo-romantic circumstance with the Hampshire character. Drake was also shown falling for the female lead in the episode "The Black Book" though nothing comes of it; this episode is also one of the only scripts to directly address Drake's loneliness in his chosen profession. John Drake was not blind to the attraction of the opposite sex, often commenting on the prettiness of his latest associate. The implication is that it is impractical for him to launch any liaison. It was also the fact that many times the women in the show turned out to be [[femme fatale|femmes fatales]], and heavily involved in the very plots Drake is fighting. Although the villains are often killed, Drake himself rarely kills. An examination of all episodes indicates that, in the entire series, he only shoots one person dead, in one of the last half-hour episodes from the 1960 season. While another shooting occurs in "The Ubiquitous Mr. Lovegrove", it is revealed to be a dream. Drake's uses of non-firearm deadly force during the series number less than a dozen. Yet ''The Encyclopedia of 20th-Century American Television'' by Ron Lackmann claims that ''Danger Man'' was one of the most violent series ever produced. Drake is almost never shown armed with a gun, and the episode "Time to Kill" centres around Drake's hesitancy and initial refusal to take an assassination mission (events transpire to prevent Drake from having to carry the task out). ===Co-stars and guest stars=== In the second series, Drake unwillingly answers to "Gorton" (Raymond Adamson) his superior at M9<ref>'Danger Man: The Battle of the Cameras' A Complete Production Guide by Andrew Pixley</ref> and later to "Hobbs" ([[Peter Madden (actor)|Peter Madden]]), a sinister superior officer always seen fiddling with a knife-like letter opener. In the first half-hour series he had an equally edgy, but more good-humoured relationship with [[Richard Wattis]], as his superior, "Hardy". Each episode has major roles for guest stars, many of whom went on to star in their own shows: * [[Paul Eddington]] ''([[The Good Life (1975 TV series)|The Good Life]]'' and [[Yes Minister|''Yes Minister''/''Yes, Prime Minister'']]) * [[John Le Mesurier]] ''([[Dad's Army]])'' * [[Anton Rodgers]] ''([[Fresh Fields]]'' and ''[[May to December]])'' * [[Wendy Craig]] (several TV series, including ''[[Butterflies (TV series)|Butterflies]]) * [[Jean Marsh]] ''([[Upstairs, Downstairs]]),'' * [[Susan Hampshire]] ''([[Forsyte Saga]], [[The First Churchills]], [[The Pallisers]])'' * [[Heather Chasen]] (''[[Crossroads (soap opera)|Crossroads]]'' and ''[[EastEnders]]'') * [[Anna May Wong]] (Hollywood actress) '' [[Shanghai Express]], [[Old San Francisco]] ==Episode list== {{Main|List of Danger Man episodes}} ==Production history overview== How much of leading character John Drake originated with series creator Ralph Smart and how much with actor Patrick McGoohan is uncertain; McGoohan never spoke about Smart in any detail. They did have face-to-face meetings at the beginning of the project, at which time they fleshed out the character of John Drake. According to Andrew Pixley's notes to the CD ''Danger Man Original Soundtrack'', [[Ian Fleming]] was involved with Ralph Smart to bring [[James Bond]] to television. (''[[Casino Royale (Climax!)|Casino Royale]]'' had been a one-off live TV play in America a few years before). Fleming dropped out and was replaced by [[Ian Stuart Black]], and a new format/character to be called "Lone Wolf" was developed. This evolved into ''Danger Man''. Fleming, meanwhile, assisted in pre-production discussion on the American series, ''[[The Man from U.N.C.L.E.]]''. The degree to which McGoohan changed Smart's original ideas is unclear. Smart evidently agreed to the changes and continued to be enthusiastic about his creation. {{Citation needed|date=April 2008}} In the United States, [[CBS]] broadcast some of the original format's episodes of the program in 1961 under the ''Danger Man'' title as a summer replacement for the [[Westerns on television|Western]] series ''[[Wanted: Dead or Alive (TV series)|Wanted: Dead or Alive]]''. Under the ''Secret Agent'' title, the same network aired the entirety of the second and third series in 1965-1966. ==Music== ===Theme=== * Series 1 The Danger Man Theme composed by [[Edwin Astley]] * Series 2–4 High Wire composed by Edwin Astley * Series 2–4 In the US as '''''Secret Agent''''', [[Secret Agent Man (song)|"Secret Agent Man"]] theme composed by [[P.F. Sloan]] and [[Steve Barri]], and recorded by [[Johnny Rivers]]. * Incidental music throughout all 4 series by Edwin Astley ==Later history, ''Koroshi'' and transition to ''The Prisoner''== The fourth series consists of only two episodes, "Koroshi" and "Shinda Shima", the only two episodes of ''Danger Man'' to be filmed in colour and, as with two-parters from other [[ITC Entertainment|ITC]] series such as ''[[The Baron]]'' and ''[[The Saint (TV series)|The Saint]]'', these two separate but related episodes were recut together as a feature for cinemas in Europe.<ref>''The Danger Man Collection'', issue 49. DeAgostini, 2006.</ref> Whilst "Koroshi" retains a strong plot-line and sharp characterizations, "Shinda Shima" was a pastiche of contemporary Bond movies. When the episodes were completed, McGoohan announced he was resigning from the series to create, produce, and star in a project titled ''The Prisoner'', with [[David Tomblin]] as co-producer and [[George Markstein]] as script editor. Markstein was then the ''Danger Man'' script consultant. A number of behind-the-scenes personnel on ''Danger Man'' were subsequently hired for ''The Prisoner''.<ref>Fairclough, R: ''The Prisoner'', p.&nbsp;29. Carlton, 2002.</ref> The two colour episodes aired (in black and white) in the UK in the time slot of ''The Prisoner'', which had fallen behind schedule and could not make its airdates. The European cinema film feature version, ''Koroshi'', did not receive theatrical release in the US but instead aired on network television as a TV movie in 1968. Another, unused, fourth-series script was reworked as an episode of ''[[The Champions]]'' while, according to ''The Prisoner: The Official Companion'' by Robert Fairclough, the ''Prisoner'' episode "The Girl Who Was Death" was based upon a two-part ''Danger Man'' script that had been planned for the fourth series. However, in an interview,<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BF445-zEHWs The Prisoner: Well-come the start.]</ref> it is stated that McGoohan did indeed approach Jack Shampan with the idea of a series continuing ''Danger Man'' entitled ''The Prisoner''.{{clarify|date=August 2011}} ===Secret agent John Drake and Prisoner Number Six=== ''Prisoner'' fans frequently debate whether John Drake of ''Danger Man'' and Number Six in ''The Prisoner'' are the same person.<ref>[[Matthew White (writer)|White, Matthew]] and [[Jaffer Ali (writer)|Jaffer Ali]], ''The Official Prisoner Companion'', Warner Books, 1988, p.&nbsp;145.</ref> Like John Drake, Number Six is evidently a secret agent, but one who has resigned from his job. Moreover, in the [[surrealism|surreal]] ''Prisoner'' episode "The Girl Who Was Death", Number Six meets "Potter", John Drake's ''Danger Man'' contact. [[Christopher Benjamin]] portrayed the character in both series. As has been previously stated, "The Girl Who Was Death" was an adaptation of an unused ''Danger Man'' script. As well as guest-starring in this show, [[Paul Eddington]] played another spy and No.6's former colleague, Cobb, in the opening episode of the latter show. The first ''Danger Man'' series includes four episodes which use footage filmed in the Welsh resort of [[Portmeirion]], which later became the primary shooting location of ''The Prisoner''. This dramatic overlapping is complicated by reference books such as Vincent Terrace's ''The Complete Encyclopedia of Television Programs 1947–1979'' referring to ''The Prisoner'' as a ''Danger Man'' continuation. Terrace postulates that John Drake's resignation reason is revealed in the "Do Not Forsake Me, Oh My Darling" episode, which is a follow-up to a mission assigned to Number Six before he was sent to The Village. [[Richard Meyers (writer)|Richard Meyers]] makes the same claim in his 1981 book, ''TV Detectives''. He further states that this connects directly to "an episode of ''Secret Agent'' never shown in this country [i.e. the United States] with John Drake investigating the story of a brain transferral device in Europe",<ref>Meyers, Richard, ''TV Detectives'', A. S. Barnes and Company, 1981, p. 113,</ref> but no such episode of ''Danger Man'' was ever made. McGoohan stated in a 1985 interview that two characters were not the same, and that he had originally wanted a different actor to play the role of Number Six.<ref>New Video magazine Fall/Summer 1985 by Barrington Calia</ref> ===Pop culture references=== ''Danger Man'' has remained part of [[pop culture]] consciousness. Author [[Stephen King]] alludes to John Drake's cool in his novel ''[[The Shining (novel)|The Shining]]''. The band [[Tears for Fears]] refer to the character in their song "Swords and Knives", and [[Dead Can Dance]] titled one of the songs on their ''Into the Labyrinth'' album "The Ubiquitous Mr. Lovegrove" after a ''Danger Man'' episode, although the content of the song has no apparent relationship to the episode. The American theme song has appeared in countless movies and TV shows, including during the climax of the first [[Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery|Austin Powers]] movie, and was covered by [[Devo]]. In 2000, the [[UPN]] network aired a short-lived spy series entitled ''[[Secret Agent Man (TV show)|Secret Agent Man]]''. Due to the similarities in titles between this series and the American edition of ''Danger Man'', ''Secret Agent Man'', a series with no relationship to the McGoohan program, is often erroneously referred to as a [[Spin-off (media)|spin-off]] or remake of ''Danger Man''. British animated series ''[[Danger Mouse (TV series)|Danger Mouse]]'' was largely inspired by Danger Man, and is a broad parody of both this series and secret agent films and television in general.<ref>[http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/DangerMouse]</ref> ==DVD availability== All four series are now available on DVD in Europe, Australasia and North America. In Britain, [[Network DVD]] released a 13-disc "Special Edition" boxed set of the one-hour shows in June 2007. Extra features include the edited-together movie version of "Koroshi" and "Shinda Shima", the US ''Secret Agent'' opening and closing titles, image galleries for each episode, and a specially written 170-page book on the making of the one-hour series. [[Umbrella Entertainment]] has released the 24-minute series on DVD in Australia; the 49-minute series has been released by Madman. [[Network DVD]] released the 1st (24 min) series in January 2010 on a 6 disc set with a commemorative booklet by Andrew Pixley. The Carlton 6 disc set is out of issue.<ref>[http://www.networkdvd.net/product_info.php?products_id=1021 Network DVD], retrieved 19 November 2009</ref> In North America, the three series of hour-long episodes were released by [[A&E Television Networks|A&E Home Video]] under the title ''Secret Agent a.k.a. Danger Man'' in order to acknowledge the American broadcast and syndication title. However the episodes retain their original ''Danger Man'' opening credits (including the original theme by the [[Edwin Astley]] Orchestra), the first time these have been seen in the U.S., with the US "Secret Agent" credits included as an extra feature. The first series of half-hour episodes was issued by A&E sometime later as ''Danger Man''. A&E subsequently released a single-set "megabox" containing all of the one-hour episodes; a revised megabox, released in 2007, added the half-hour episodes, and was released again in a modified slimline package in 2010. Around that time A&E issued a [[Blu-ray]] edition of the follow-up series, ''The Prisoner'', but has yet to issue a high-definition version of ''Danger Man''. ==Production notes== [[File:Marathon House.jpg|right|thumb|Marathon House 2011]] The Washington title sequence of the first Series 24-minute episodes is a composite of the [[United States Capitol]] in the background and the Castrol Building, complete with London Bus stop, in the Marylebone Road, London as the foreground. This building is now Marathon House converted from offices to flats in 1998.<ref>http://www.artandarchitecture.org.uk/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=121</ref> ==Original novels and comic books== [[File:SecretAgentComic.jpg|right|thumb|200px|First issue of the Gold Key Comics series.]] Several original novels based upon ''Danger Man'' were published in the UK and US, the majority during 1965 and 1966. * ''Target for Tonight''&nbsp;– [[Richard Telfair]], 1962 (published in US only) * ''Departure Deferred''&nbsp;– W. Howard Baker, 1965 * ''Storm Over Rockall''&nbsp;– W. Howard Baker, 1965 * ''Hell for Tomorrow''&nbsp;– Peter Leslie, 1965 * ''The Exterminator''&nbsp;– W.A. Balinger, 1966 * ''No Way Out''&nbsp;– Wilfred McNeilly, 1966 Several of the above novels were translated into French and published in France, where the series was known as ''Destination Danger''. An additional ''Destination Danger'' novel by John Long was published in French and not printed in the US or UK. The adventures of John Drake have also been depicted in comic book form. In 1961, [[Dell Comics]] in the US published a one-shot ''Danger Man'' comic as part of its long-running ''[[Four Color]]'' series, based upon the first series format. It depicted Drake as having ginger hair, a trait shared with Patrick McGoohan, but which was unseen as ''Danger Man'' had been made only in monochrome at that time. In 1966, [[Gold Key Comics]] published two issues of a ''Secret Agent'' comic book based upon the series (this series should not be confused with ''[[Sarge Steel|Secret Agent]]'', an unrelated comic book series published by [[Charlton Comics]] in 1967, formerly titled ''Sarge Steel''). In Britain, a single ''Danger Man'' comic book subtitled "Trouble in Turkey" appeared in the mid-1960s and a number of comic strip adventures appeared in hardback annuals. French publishers also produced several issues of a ''Destination Danger'' comic book in the 1960s, although their Drake was blond. Spanish publishers produced a series titled 'Agent Secreto'. The Germans were particularly prolific, using 'John Drake' and a picture of McGoohan, as the cover for hundreds of "krimi" magazines. ==References== {{Reflist|colwidth=33em}} ==External links== * [http://www.mcgoohan.co.uk/ The Danger Man Website] * {{IMDb title|id=0053496|title=Danger Man'' (1960–61 series)}} * {{IMDb title|id=0058846|title=Danger Man'' (1964–68 series)}} * {{Screenonline TV title|509406}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2010}} [[Category:1960s British television series]] [[Category:1960 British television programme debuts]] [[Category:1968 television series endings]] [[Category:CBS network shows]] [[Category:Espionage television series]] [[Category:Gold Key Comics titles|Secret Agent]] [[Category:Television series by ITC Entertainment]] [[Category:ITV television dramas]] [[Category:Television series by ITV Studios]] [[Category:The Prisoner]] [[de:Geheimauftrag für John Drake]] [[fr:Destination Danger (série télévisée)]] [[it:Gioco pericoloso (serie televisiva)]] [[no:John Drake]] [[sh:Danger Man]]'