Anurban area, built-up areaorurban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructureofbuilt environment. This is the core of a metropolitan statistical area in the United States, if it contains a population of more than 50,000.[1]
Urban areas originate through urbanization, and researchers categorize them as cities, towns, conurbationsorsuburbs. In urbanism, the term "urban area" contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets; in urban sociologyorurban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment.[citation needed]
The development of earlier predecessors of modern urban areas during the urban revolution of the 4th millennium BCE[2] led to the formation of human civilization and ultimately to modern urban planning, which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources has led to a human impact on the environment.
In 1950, around the world, 764 million people lived in urban areas. By 2014, it was 3.9 billion. The change was driven by a combination of increased total population and increased percent of population living in urban areas.[3] In 2009, the number of people living in urban areas (3.42 billion) surpassed the number living in rural areas (3.41 billion), and since then the world has become more urban than rural.[4] This was the first time that the majority of the world's population lived in a city.[5] In 2014 there were 7.3 billion people living on the planet,[6] of which the global urban population comprised 3.9 billion. The Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs at that time predicted the urban population would occupy 68% of the world population by 2050, with 90% of that growth coming from Africa and Asia.[7]
Urban areas are created and further developed by the process of urbanization. They are measured for various purposes, including analyzing population density and urban sprawl. Urban areas are also mostly found in the United States, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Japan and Australia and many other countries where the urbanization rate is over 80%.[citation needed]
Unlike an urban area, a metropolitan area includes not only the urban area, but also satellite cities plus intervening rural land that is socio-economically connected to the urban core city, typically by employment ties through commuting, with the urban core city being the primary labor market.
The concept of an "urban area" as used in economic statistics should not be confused with the concept of the "urban area" used in road safety statistics. This term was first created by Geographer Brian Manning. The last concept is also known as "built-up area in road safety". According to the definition by the Office for National Statistics, "Built-up areas are defined as land which is 'irreversibly urban in character', meaning that they are characteristic of a town or city. They include areas of built-up land with a minimum of 20 hectares (200,000 m2; 49 acres). Any areas [separated by] less than 200 metres [of non-urban space] are linked to become a single built-up area.[9]
Argentina and Japan are countries where the urbanization rate is over 90% while Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Mexico and the United States are countries where the urbanization rate is between 80% and 90%.[citation needed]
There are two measures of the degree of urbanization of a population. The first, urban population, describes the percentage of the total population living in urban areas, as defined by the country. The second measure, rate of urbanization, describes the projected average rate of change of the size of the urban population over the given period of time. According to Urbanization by sovereign state article, the world as a whole is 56.2% urbanized, with roughly one-quarter of the countries reported as greater than 80% urbanized. Data is taken from the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook estimates from 2020.[10]
According to Demographia, these are the 200 largest urban areas in the world by population (as of 2023):[11]
Urban Area
Country
Population
1
37,785,000
2
35,386,000
3
31,190,000
4
27,119,000
5
India
25,189,000
6
24,156,000
7
China
24,042,000
8
23,225,000
9
22,679,000
10
21,905,000
11
India
21,747,000
12
21,486,000
13
21,396,000
14
20,249,000
15
19,134,000
16
18,884,000
17
China
18,883,000
18
17,878,000
19
China
17,778,000
20
15,748,000
21
United States
15,587,000
22
15,551,000
23
India
15,257,000
24
China
15,016,000
25
14,953,000
26
Japan
14,916,000
27
14,540,000
28
14,441,000
29
Pakistan
13,504,000
30
Democratic Republic of the Congo
13,493,000
31
13,382,000
32
China
12,653,000
33
Brazil
12,306,000
34
China
12,211,000
35
India
12,053,697
36
11,108,000
37
China
11,068,000
38
10,914,000
39
10,803,000
40
China
10,753,000
41
10,556,000
42
China
10,353,000
43
10,252,000
44
China
10,047,000
45
India
9,797,000
46
9,662,000
47
China
9,618,000
48
Japan
9,439,000
49
9,387,000
50
United States
8,954,000
51
China
8,507,000
52
8,309,000
53
China
8,044,000
54
India
8,006,000
55
7,965,000
56
United States
7,853,000
57
United States
7,429,000
58
Nigeria
7,205,000
59
Indonesia
7,203,000
60
7,185,000
61
7,155,000
62
7,099,000
63
United States
6,979,000
64
6,929,000
65
United States
6,844,000
66
6,837,000
67
India
6,819,000
68
6,798,000
69
6,769,000
70
China
6,743,000
71
United States
6,703,000
72
6,624,000
73
India
6,601,000
74
6,563,000
75
Indonesia
6,556,000
76
6,468,000
77
6,426,000
78
Vietnam
6,359,000
79
China
6,291,000
80
United States
6,139,000
81
China
6,091,000
82
5,926,000
83
United States
5,795,000
84
5,785,000
85
Russia
5,750,000
86
United States
5,702,000
87
5,678,000
88
5,566,000
89
Egypt
5,552,000
90
5,471,000
91
Saudi Arabia
5,408,000
92
Turkey
5,359,000
93
Pakistan
5,356,000
94
Spain
5,317,000
95
China
5,253,000
96
Brazil
5,242,000
97
China
5,067,000
98
China
5,065,000
99
China
5,052,000
100
Iran
5,045,000
101
China
4,995,000
102
Pakistan
4,954,000
103
4,945,000
104
4,836,000
105
Ghana
4,794,000
106
Australia
4,709,000
107
4,679,000
108
Mexico
4,674,000
109
Nigeria
4,670,000
110
India
4,661,000
111
4,642,000
112
United States
4,617,000
113
South Africa
4,595,000
114
China
4,548,000
115
China
4,524,000
116
4,499,000
117
China
4,487,000
118
Mexico
4,401,000
119
Turkey
4,367,251
120
India
4,360,000
121
India
4,350,000
122
4,345,000
123
Germany
4,286,000
124
China
4,269,000
125
United States
4,258,000
126
China
4,240,000
127
4,219,000
128
China
4,206,000
129
Bangladesh
4,204,000
130
China
4,177,000
131
China
4,113,000
132
4,066,000
133
China
4,057,000
134
Indonesia
4,027,000
135
China
4,024,000
136
United States
4,001,000
137
3,935,000
138
China
3,871,000
139
China
3,869,000
140
Brazil
3,866,000
141
South Korea
3,843,000
142
3,783,000
143
India
3,765,000
144
Cameroon
3,751,000
145
Canada
3,750,000
146
Nigeria
3,657,000
147
Italy
3,653,000
148
3,585,000
149
3,532,000
150
3,510,000
151
Brazil
3,504,000
152
Democratic Republic of the Congo
3,493,000
153
India
3,493,000
154
3,462,000
155
South Africa
3,452,000
156
Nigeria
3,429,000
157
Brazil
3,415,000
158
Brazil
3,406,000
159
China
3,387,000
160
Brazil
3,344,000
161
India
3,331,000
162
3,309,000
163
China
3,249,000
164
3,247,000
165
Colombia
3,242,000
166
Italy
3,239,000
167
India
3,229,000
168
Pakistan
3,218,000
169
United States
3,203,000
170
3,202,000
171
3,183,000
172
3,181,000
173
3,155,000
174
United States
3,078,000
175
United States
3,075,000
176
India
3,049,000
177
Australia
3,039,000
178
3,027,000
179
3,006,000
180
3,002,000
181
3,001,000
182
Saudi Arabia
2,994,000
183
China
2,977,000
184
United States
2,879,000
185
Brazil
2,873,000
186
United States
2,871,000
187
2,860,000
188
Syria
2,859,000
189
India
2,851,000
190
2,832,000
191
United States
2,796,000
192
Brazil
2,789,000
193
Pakistan
2,789,000
194
Pakistan
2,783,000
195
2,781,000
196
Ecuador
2,778,000
197
China
2,770,000
198
2,765,000
199
Democratic Republic of the Congo
2,750,000
200
India
2,737,000
This is a partial list of countries where the urbanization rate is at least 80% as of 2022:
Argentina
Australia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Denmark
Finland
France
Israel
Japan
South Korea
Mexico
Spain
United Kingdom
United StatesThose with the rate at 100%:
The UN publishes data on cities, urban areas and rural areas, but relies almost entirely on national definitions of these areas. The UN principles and recommendations state that due to different characteristics of urban and rural areas across the globe, a global definition is not possible.[12]
European countries[which?] define urbanized areas on the basis of urban-type land use, not allowing any gaps of typically more than 200 metres (220 yd), and use satellite imagery instead of census blocks to determine the boundaries of the urban area. In less-developed countries[which?], in addition to land use and density requirements, a requirement that a large majority of the population, typically 75%, is not engaged in agriculture and/or fishing is sometimes used.[citation needed]
Since 2000, China's cities have expanded at an average rate of 10% annually. It is estimated that China's urban population will increase by 292 million people by 2050,[3] when its cities will house a combined population of over one billion.[13] The country's urbanization rate increased from 17.4% to 46.6% between 1978 and 2009.[14] Between 150 and 200 million migrant workers work part-time in the major cities, returning home to the countryside periodically with their earnings.[15][16]
China has more cities with one million or more long-term residents than any other country, including the three global citiesofBeijing, Hong Kong, and Shanghai; by 2025, the country will be home to 221 cities with over a million inhabitants.[13] The figures in the table below are from the 2008 census, and are only estimates of the urban populations within administrative city limits; a different ranking exists when considering the total municipal populations (which includes suburban and rural populations). The large "floating populations" of migrant workers make conducting censuses in urban areas difficult;[17] the figures below include only long-term residents.
China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2020 Urban Population and Urban Temporary Population [18][note 1][note 2]
1
24,281,400
11
7,448,900
2
19,164,000
12
7,179,400
3
13,858,700
13
6,823,500
4
13,438,800
14
6,642,100
5
11,744,400
15
6,409,600
6
11,488,000
16
5,900,000
7
9,752,500
17
5,501,400
8
8,875,600
18
5,054,500
9
8,652,900
19
4,750,100
10
8,109,000
20
4,730,900
InJapan, urbanized areas are defined as contiguous areas of densely inhabited districts (DIDs) using census enumeration districts as units with a density requirement of 4,000 inhabitants per square kilometre (10,000/sq mi).
Seoul is the largest urban area in South Korea.
For the Census of India 2011, the definition of urban area is a place having a minimum population of 5,000 of density 400 persons per square kilometre (1,000/sq mi) or higher, and 75% plus of the male working population employed in non-agricultural activities. Places administered by a municipal corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee are automatically considered urban areas.[21]
The Census of India 2011 also defined the term "urban agglomeration" as an integrated urban area consisting of a core town together with its "outgrowths" (contiguous suburbs).[22]
(2011 census)[23][24]
Rank
City name
Population
Rank
City name
State/territory
Population
1
18,394,912
28
1,618,879
2
16,349,831
29
1,562,769
3
14,112,536
30
1,491,202
4
8,696,010
31
1,465,625
5
8,520,435
32
1,435,113
6
7,749,334
33
1,424,908
7
6,361,084
34
1,414,050
8
5,057,709
35
1,390,933
9
4,591,246
36
1,339,438
10
3,073,350
37
1,273,312
11
2,920,496
38
1,268,848
12
2,902,920
39
1,243,414
13
2,497,870
40
1,222,390
14
2,375,820
41
1,216,719
15
2,170,295
42
1,196,214
16
2,151,466
43
1,193,167
17
2,119,724
44
1,183,705
18
2,049,156
45
1,138,300
19
2,030,519
46
1,126,741
20
1,886,100
47
1,123,558
21
1,861,269
48
1,110,668
22
1,822,221
49
1,102,884
23
1,760,285
50
1,064,222
24
1,730,320
51
1,026,459
25
1,699,060
52
1,022,518
26
1,687,406
53
1,001,694
27
1,642,892
54
990,900
InPakistan, an area is a major city and municipality if it has more than 100,000 inhabitants according to census results. Cities include adjacent cantonments. Urbanisation in Pakistan has increased since the time of independence and has several different causes. The majority of southern Pakistan's population lives along the Indus River. Karachi is its most populous city.[25] In the northern half of the country, most of the population lives in an arc formed by the cities of Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Gujranwala, Sialkot, Gujrat, Jhelum, Sargodha, Sheikhupura, Nowshera, Mardan and Peshawar. During 1990–2008, city dwellers made up 36% of Pakistan's population, making it the most urbanised nation in South Asia. Furthermore, 50% of Pakistanis live in towns of 5,000 people or more.[26] Karachi is the most populated city in Pakistan closely followed by Lahore according to the 2017 Census.
InBangladesh, there are total 532 urban areas, which are divided into three categories. Those are City Corporation, Municipal Corporation (Pourasova) and Upazila town. Among those urban areas, Dhaka is the largest city by population and area, with a population of 19.10 million.[27]InBangladesh, there are total 11 City Corporations and 329 Municipal Corporations and 203 Small towns, which serves as the center for Upazilas. According to 2011 population census, Bangladesh has an urban population of 28%, with a growth rate of 2.8%.[28] At this growth rate, it is estimated that the urban population of Bangladesh will reach 79 million or 42% of total population by 2035.
In 2020, 54 percent of the Philippine population lived in urban areas.[29] With an estimated population of 16.3 million, Metro Manila is the most populous metropolitan area in the Philippines and the 11th in the world. However, the greater urban area is the 5th largest in the world with a population of 20,654,307 people (2010 estimate).[30]
As an island city-state, about 5.6 million people live and work within 700 square kilometres (270 sq mi). With 64 islands and islets, Singapore Island makes up the largest urban area in the country. According to the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, the country has the highest urbanised population in Southeast Asia, with 100 percent of its population living in an urban area.[31] The Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) is responsible for the urban land-use planning, which designates land use and urban density of the country.[32] The country is divided into 5 regions for planning purposes by the URA, even though as a city state Singapore is defined as a single continuous urban area. It is further subdivided into 55 urban planning areas, which acts as the boundaries of planned towns within the country.[33]
InVietnam, there are six types of urban areas:
Bangkok is the largest urban area in Thailand.
As in other Nordic countries, an urban area (taajamainFinnish) in Finland must have a building at least every 200 m (660 ft) and at least 200 people. To be considered a town or a city (kaupunki) for statistical purposes, an urban area must have at least 15,000 people. This is not to be confused with the city / town designation used by municipalities.[34][35]
InFrance, an urban area (Fr: aire d'attraction d'une ville) is a zone encompassing an area of built-up growth (called an "urban unit" (unité urbaine)[36] – close in definition to the North American urban area) and its commuter belt (couronne). Americans would find the INSEE definition of the urban area[37] to be similar to their metropolitan area.
The largest cities in France, in terms of urban area population (2017), are Paris (12,628,266), Lyon (2,323,221), Marseille (1,760,653), Toulouse (1,360,829), Bordeaux (1,247,977), Lille (1,191,117), Nice (1,006,201), Nantes (972,828), Strasbourg (790,087) and Rennes (733,320).[38]
Germany has a number of large cities. The largest conurbation is the Rhine-Ruhr region (11 million in 2008[update]), including Düsseldorf (the capital of North Rhine-Westphalia), Cologne, Bonn, Dortmund, Essen, Duisburg, and Bochum.[39]
1
11,199,073
11
867,051
2
4,661,925
12
807,181
3
3,200,201
13
799,317
4
3,044,428
14
762,791
5
2,415,964
15
668,074
6
2,399,250
16
663,371
7
1,426,056
17
612,031
8
1,247,309
18
554,118
9
1,068,429
19
339,767
10
941,933
20
335,358
The Netherlands is the 30th-most densely populated country in the world, with 404.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,048/sq mi)—or 497 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,287/sq mi) if only the land area is counted. The Randstad is the country's largest conurbation located in the west of the country and contains the four largest cities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht. The Randstad has a population of 7 million inhabitants and is the 6th largest metropolitan area in Europe.
Norway defines urban areas ("tettsteder") similarly to the other Nordic countries. Unlike in Denmark and Sweden, the distance between each building has to be of less than 50 m, although exceptions are made due to parks, industrial areas, rivers, and similar. Groups of houses less than 400 m from the main body of an urban area are included in the urban area.[40]
InPoland, official "urban" population figures simply refer to those localities which have the status of towns (miasta). The "rural" population is that of all areas outside the boundaries of these towns. This distinction may give a misleading impression in some cases, since some localities with only village status may have acquired larger and denser populations than many many smaller towns[41] with most excessive example of Poznań, most spread urban area of the country with population of the city app. 534 thousand and metropolitan area around 1 million inhabitants. On the other hand, the Katowice urban area with numerous large and medium cities covers 1,468 km and has above 2 million people. The metropolitan areas in Poland are the biggest urban zones (e.g. Katowice metropolitan area, Łódź metropolitan area and Szczecin metropolitan area) and have great impact on the rural surroundings, as it is around Lublin, Radom, Kielce, Tarnów and Białystok.
Moscow, the capital and largest cityofRussia, has a population estimated at 12.4 million residents within the city limits,[42] while over 17 million residents in the urban area,[43] and over 20 million residents in the Moscow Metropolitan Area.[44] It is among the world's largest cities, being the most populous city entirely within Europe, the most populous urban area in Europe,[43] the most populous metropolitan area in Europe,[44] and also the largest city by land area on the European continent.[45] Saint Petersburg, the cultural capital, is the second-largest city, with a population of roughly 5.4 million inhabitants.[46] Other major urban areas are Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod, and Chelyabinsk.
1
13,149,803
11
1,140,487
2
5,597,763
12
1,138,654
3
1,633,851
13
1,104,485
4
1,536,183
14
1,046,425
5
1,318,604
15
1,026,908
6
1,205,473
16
1,018,898
7
1,204,985
17
887,365
8
1,177,058
18
861,098
9
1,163,304
19
667,956
10
1,158,952
20
622,091
Spain is a very highly urbanized country. Madrid is its largest urban area. The Southern and Eastern coasts with Barcelona, Valencia and Málaga are more urbanised than the Northern and Western ones.
Urban areas in Sweden (tätorter) are statistically defined localities, totally independent of the administrative subdivision of the country. There are 1,956 such localities in Sweden, with a population ranging from 200 to 1,372,000 inhabitants.[48]
In 2013 the United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics (ONS) published 2011 Built-up Areas – Methodology and Guidance which sets out its definition of a Built-up area (BUA) as an area of built-up land of at least 20 hectares (0.077 sq mi), separated from other settlements by at least 200 metres (660 ft). For 2011 census data there are 5,493 built-up areas, of which 501 are divided into Built-up area sub-divisions (BUASD) for which data is also available. Each built-up area is named algorithmically, using Ordnance Survey place-name data.[49]
The ONS has produced census results from urban areas since 1951, since 1981 based upon the extent of irreversible urban development indicated on Ordnance Survey maps. The definition is an extent of at least 20 ha and at least 1,500 census residents. Separate areas are linked if less than 200 m (220 yd) apart. Included are transportation features.[50] The UK has five Urban Areas with a population over a million and a further sixty nine with a population over one hundred thousand.
(England and Wales: 2011 census built-up area;[51] Scotland: 2016 estimates settlement;[52] Northern Ireland: 2001 census urban area)[53]
1
9,787,426
11
617,280
2
2,553,379
12
512,150
3
2,440,986
13
508,916
4
1,777,934
14
483,418
5
985,290
15
474,485
6
864,122
16
466,266
7
855,569
17
390,214
8
774,891
18
376,633
9
729,977
19
372,775
10
685,368
20
359,262
The Australian Bureau of Statistics refers to urban areas as Urban Centres, which it generally defines as population clusters of 1,000 or more people.[54] Australia is one of the most urbanised countries in the world, with more than 50% of the population residing in Australia's three biggest urban centres.[citation needed][54]
1
5,259,764
11
289,400
2
4,976,157
12
251,047
3
2,568,927
13
181,665
4
2,192,229
14
155,638
5
1,402,393
15
148,801
6
706,673
16
143,994
7
509,894
17
111,702
8
482,250
18
102,899
9
355,631
19
97,676
10
305,880
20
93,332
Statistics New Zealand defines urban areas in New Zealand, which are independent of any administrative subdivisions and have no legal basis.[57] There are four classes of urban area: major urban areas (population 100,000+), large urban areas (population 30,000–99,999), medium urban areas (population 10,000–29,999) and small urban areas (population 1,000–9,999). As of 2021, there are 7 major urban areas, 13 large urban areas, 22 medium urban areas and 136 small urban areas. Urban areas are reclassified after each New Zealand census, so population changes between censuses does not change an urban area's classification.
Statistics New Zealand June 2023 estimate (SSGA18 boundaries)[58]
1
1,478,800
11
60,900
2
384,800
12
59,600
3
215,200
13
58,900
4
185,300
14
56,900
5
161,800
15
51,900
6
113,000
16
51,500
7
106,200
17
51,000
8
82,500
18
45,400
9
67,500
19
42,800
10
63,400
20
38,200
According to Statistics Canada, an urban area in Canada is an area with a population of at least 1,000 people where the density is no fewer than 400 persons per square kilometre (1,000/sq mi).[59] If two or more urban areas are within 2 km (1.2 mi) of each other by road, they are merged into a single urban area, provided they do not cross census metropolitan areaorcensus agglomeration boundaries.[60]
In the Canada 2011 Census, Statistics Canada redesignated urban areas with the new term "population centre";[61] the new term was chosen in order to better reflect the fact that urban vs. rural is not a strict division, but rather a continuum within which several distinct settlement patterns may exist. For example, a community may fit a strictly statistical definition of an urban area, but may not be commonly thought of as "urban" because it has a smaller population, or functions socially and economically as a suburb of another urban area rather than as a self-contained urban entity, or is geographically remote from other urban communities. Accordingly, the new definition set out three distinct types of population centres: small (population 1,000 to 29,999), medium (population 30,000 to 99,999) and large (population 100,000 or greater).[61] Despite the change in terminology, however, the demographic definition of a population centre remains unchanged from that of an urban area: a population of at least 1,000 people where the density is no fewer than 400 persons per km2.
1
6,202,225
11
543,551
2
4,291,732
12
465,703
3
2,642,825
13
433,604
4
1,488,307
14
422,630
5
1,481,806
15
415,311
6
1,418,118
16
397,237
7
839,311
17
317,480
8
834,678
18
249,217
9
785,184
19
227,398
10
575,847
20
222,162
Mexico is one of many countries where the urbanization rate is at least 80%. Mexico City, its capital, is the largest urban area in the country.
In the United States, the Census Bureau defines urban areas and delineates urban area boundaries after each census. The Bureau defines an urban area as "a statistical geographic entity consisting of a densely settled core created from census blocks and contiguous qualifying territory that together have at least 2,000 housing units or 5,000 persons."[63] There were 2,646 urban areas identified by the Census Bureau for 2020. 511 of these had a population of 50,000 or more.[64]
For the 2000 and 2010 censuses, the Census Bureau differentiated between two kinds of urban areas: urbanized areas and urban clusters. The term urbanized area denoted an urban area of 50,000 or more people. Urban areas under 50,000 people were called urban clusters. Urbanized areas were first delineated in the United States in the 1950 census, while urban clusters were added in the 2000 census. The distinction between urbanized areas and urban clusters was removed for the 2020 census.[63]
Urban areas consist of a densely-settled urban core, plus surrounding developed areas that meet certain density criteria. Since urban areas are composed of census blocks and not cities, counties, or county-equivalents, urban area boundaries may consist of partial areas of these political units. Urban areas are distinguished from rural areas: any area not part of an urban area is considered to be rural by the Census Bureau.[63]
The largest urban area in the United States is that of New York City and its surrounding suburbs. The New York–Jersey City–Newark, NY–NJ urban area had a population of 19,426,449 as of 2020, while the larger metropolitan area had a population of 20,140,470, and the combined statistical area had a population of 23,582,649. The next five largest urban areas in the U.S. are those of Los Angeles, Chicago, Miami, Houston, and Dallas.[64] 80.0 percent of the population of the United States lives within the boundaries of an urban area as of the 2020 census.[65]
The concept of Urbanized Areas as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau is often used as a more accurate gauge of the size of a city, since in different cities and states the lines between city borders and the urbanized area of that city are often not the same. For example, the city of Greenville, South Carolina has a city population just over 68,000 and an urbanized area population of around 400,000, while Greensboro, North Carolina has a city population just over 285,000 and an urbanized area population of around 300,000 — meaning that Greenville is actually "larger" for some intents and purposes, but not for others, such as taxation, local elections, etc.
In the U.S. Department of Agriculture's natural resources inventory, urban areas are officially known as developed areas or urban and built-up areas. Such areas include cities, ethnic villages, other built-up areas of more than 10 ac (4 ha), industrial sites, railroad yards, cemeteries, airports, golf courses, shooting ranges, institutional and public administration sites, and similar areas. The 1997 national resources inventory placed over 98,000,000 ac (40,000,000 ha) in this category, an increase of 25,000,000 ac (10,000,000 ha) since 1982.[66]
Argentina is highly urbanized.[67] The ten largest metropolitan areas account for half of the population, and fewer than one in ten live in rural areas. About 3 million people live in Buenos Aires City and the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area totals around 15 million, making it one of the largest urban areas in the world, with a population of 18 million all up.[68]
Córdoba has around 1.5 million people living in the urban area, while Rosario, Mendoza and Tucumán have around 1.2 million inhabitants each[68] and La Plata, Mar del Plata, Salta and Santa Fe[68][69] have at least 500,000 people each.
2017 Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics estimates[71][72][73]
1
21,314,716
11
2,157,180
2
12,389,775
12
2,130,264
3
5,142,260
13
2,105,600
4
4,021,641
14
1,837,047
5
3,986,425
15
1,702,343
6
3,894,232
16
1,572,943
7
3,863,154
17
1,421,569
8
3,594,924
18
1,349,743
9
3,387,985
19
1,231,965
10
2,347,557
20
1,168,941
Chile is highly urbanized. The largest urban area in the country is its capital, Santiago.
[...] the Bronze Age, starting between 3500 and 3000 BC [...]. During this [...] period the first urban civilizations were firmly established.
This article incorporates public domain material from Jasper Womach. Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition (PDF). Congressional Research Service.
Environment
Indian reserve/reservation
Unit
Zone
Historical
Historical
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in italics.
