Clinical recommendation | Evidence rating | References |
---|---|---|
Pregnant women should be screened for asymptomatic bacteriuria in the first trimester of pregnancy. | A | 23,24 |
Pregnant women who have asymptomatic bacteriuria should be treated with antimicrobial therapy for three to seven days. | B | 2 |
Pyuria accompanying asymptomatic bacteriuria should not be treated with antimicrobial therapy. | C | 3,14 |
Population | Prevalence (%) | |
---|---|---|
Healthy premenopausal women3 | 1.0 to 5.0 | |
Pregnant women3 | 1.9 to 9.5 | |
Postmenopausal women (50 to 70 years of age)3 | 2.8 to 8.6 | |
Patients with diabetes | ||
Women4 | 9.0 to 27.0 | |
Men4 | 0.7 to 1.0 | |
Older community-dwelling patients | ||
Women (older than 70 years)3 | > 15.0 | |
Men4 | 3.6 to 19.0 | |
Older long-term care residents | ||
Women4 | 25.0 to 50.0 | |
Men4 | 15.0 to 40.0 | |
Patients with spinal cord injuries | ||
Intermittent catheter5 | 23.0 to 89.0 | |
Sphincterotomy and condom catheter6 | 57.0 | |
Patients undergoing hemodialysis7 | 28.0 | |
Patients with an indwelling catheter | ||
Short-term8 | 9.0 to 23.0 | |
Long-term8 | 100 |
Midstream clean-catch urine specimen: |
For women, two consecutive specimens with isolation of the same species in quantitative counts of at least 100,000 CFUs per mL of urine. |
For men, a single specimen with one bacterial species isolated in a quantitative count of at least 100,000 CFUs per mL. |
Catheterized urine specimen: |
In women or men, a single specimen with one bacterial species isolated in a quantitative count of at least 100 CFUs per mL. |
FDA Pregnancy Category B: Safety for use in pregnancy has not been established |
Amoxicillin |
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) |
Ampicillin |
Cefuroxime (Ceftin) |
Cephalexin (Keflex) |
Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin) |
Pregnancy Category C: No adequate well-controlled studies have been performed in women; should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus |
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) |
Gatifloxacin (Tequin) |
Levofloxacin (Levaquin) |
Norfloxacin (Noroxin) |
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra) |
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