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Mdm2

出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』
MDM2
PDBに登録されている構造
PDBオルソログ検索: RCSB PDBe PDBj
PDBのIDコード一覧

1RV1, 1T4E, 1T4F, 1YCR, 1Z1M, 2AXI, 2C6A, 2C6B, 2FOP, 2GV2, 2HDP, 2LZG, 2M86, 2MPS, 2RUH, 2VJE, 2VJF, 3EQS, 3G03, 3IUX, 3IWY, 3JZK, 3JZR, 3JZS, 3LBK, 3LBL, 3LNJ, 3LNZ, 3MQS, 3TJ2, 3TPX, 3TU1, 3V3B, 3VBG, 3VZV, 3W69, 4DIJ, 4ERE, 4ERF, 4HBM, 4HFZ, 4HG7, 4JV7, 4JV9, 4JVE, 4JVR, 4JWR, 4MDN, 4MDQ, 4OAS, 4OBA, 4OCC, 4ODE, 4ODF, 4OGN, 4OGT, 4OGV, 4OQ3, 4QO4, 4QOC, 4UMN, 4WT2, 4XXB, 4ZYC, 4ZYF, 4ZYI, 4UE1, 4UD7, 5AFG, 5HMI, 5HMK, 5HMH, 5C5A

識別子
記号MDM2, ACTFS, HDMX, hdm2, MDM2 proto-oncogene, LSKB
外部IDOMIM: 164785 MGI: 96952 HomoloGene: 1793 GeneCards: MDM2
遺伝子の位置 (ヒト)
12番染色体 (ヒト)
染色体12番染色体 (ヒト)[1]
12番染色体 (ヒト)

MDM2遺伝子の位置

MDM2遺伝子の位置

バンドデータ無し開始点68,808,177 bp[1]
終点68,845,544 bp[1]
遺伝子の位置 (マウス)
10番染色体 (マウス)
染色体10番染色体 (マウス)[2]
10番染色体 (マウス)

MDM2遺伝子の位置

MDM2遺伝子の位置

バンドデータ無し開始点117,524,780 bp[2]
終点117,546,663 bp[2]
RNA発現パターン




さらなる参照発現データ
遺伝子オントロジー
分子機能 scaffold protein binding
血漿タンパク結合
酵素結合
金属イオン結合
identical protein binding
ubiquitin protein ligase binding
p53結合
SUMO transferase activity
ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
トランスフェラーゼ活性
ligase activity
5S rRNA binding
zinc ion binding
ribonucleoprotein complex binding
protein N-terminus binding
ubiquitin protein ligase activity
NEDD8 ligase activity
disordered domain specific binding
protein domain specific binding
receptor serine/threonine kinase binding
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor binding
ubiquitin binding
細胞の構成要素 細胞質基質
endocytic vesicle membrane
細胞膜
シナプス
核内構造体
細胞質
細胞核
核質
核小体
高分子複合体
生物学的プロセス negative regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator
endocardial cushion morphogenesis
cellular response to UV-C
atrial septum development
regulation of heart rate
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest
positive regulation of gene expression
血管発生
positive regulation of cell population proliferation
negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
エーテルに対する応答
blood vessel remodeling
cellular response to hypoxia
心臓弁発生
cellular response to estrogen stimulus
negative regulation of apoptotic process
有機物への細胞応答
cellular response to hydrogen peroxide
response to cocaine
cardiac septum morphogenesis
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
peptidyl-lysine modification
positive regulation of cell cycle
ventricular septum development
positive regulation of protein export from nucleus
ステロイドホルモンへの反応
cellular response to growth factor stimulus
regulation of protein catabolic process
cellular response to antibiotic
遺伝子発現の負の調節
positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle
心臓発生
cellular response to alkaloid
cellular response to vitamin B1
response to magnesium ion
negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus
cellular response to organic cyclic compound
viral process
response to iron ion
遺伝子発現調節
response to antibiotic
traversing start control point of mitotic cell cycle
protein ubiquitination
negative regulation of protein processing
タンパク質局在化の確立
毒性物質への反応
response to morphine
atrioventricular valve morphogenesis
protein localization to nucleus
regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator
positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation
response to water-immersion restraint stress
negative regulation of neuron projection development
positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration
protein deubiquitination
protein sumoylation
transcription factor catabolic process
protein autoubiquitination
response to formaldehyde
protein destabilization
negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process
cellular response to gamma radiation
cellular response to actinomycin D
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator
amyloid fibril formation
protein-containing complex assembly
ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
出典:Amigo / QuickGO
オルソログ
ヒトマウス
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq
(mRNA)
NM_001145336
NM_001145337
NM_001145339
NM_001145340
NM_001278462

NM_002392
NM_006878
NM_006879
NM_006880
NM_006881
NM_006882
NM_032739
NM_001367990

NM_001288586
NM_010786

RefSeq
(タンパク質)
NP_001138809
NP_001138811
NP_001138812
NP_001265391
NP_002383

NP_001354919

NP_001275515
NP_034916

場所
(UCSC)
Chr 12: 68.81 – 68.85 MbChr 12: 117.52 – 117.55 Mb
PubMed検索[3][4]
ウィキデータ
閲覧/編集 ヒト閲覧/編集 マウス

Mdm2p53調MDM2[5][6]Mdm2p53NTADE3p53

発見とその役割

[編集]

Mdm2murine double minutemdm23T3-DM2mdm1mdm3Mdm2Rasmdm2Hdm2mdm2MDM2MDM2p53p53MDM2Polycombp53p53MDM2MDM2PRC2polycomb repressor complex 2EZH2MDM2EZH2327H3K272A119H2AK119H2AK119E3Ring1B/RNF2MDM2[7]

Mdm2Mdm4MdmXp53調

MDM2p53podoptosisp53podoptosisMDM2MDM2NF-κBMDM2p53MDM2MDM2[8]

Mdm2Mdm2Nbs1p53DNA[9]p53Mdm2DNANbs1Mdm2Mdm2Mdm2-Nbs1p53

ユビキチン化の標的: p53

[編集]

Mdm2の主要な標的はp53がん抑制因子である。Mdm2は、p53と相互作用しその転写活性を抑制するタンパク質として同定された。Mdm2はp53のN末端のTADに結合してブロックすることで抑制を行う。Mdm2はp53応答遺伝子であり、すなわち、Mdm2の遺伝子のの転写活性はp53によって活性化される。そのためp53が安定化さてているときにはMdm2の転写も誘導され、Mdm2のタンパク質レベルが上昇する。

E3リガーゼ活性

[編集]

E3MDM2p53調MDM2p53p53MDM2[10]Mdm2p53p53Cp53Mdm2Mdm2調E3p300p53Mdm2p53p53p53DNAp53p14arf

構造と機能

[編集]

mdm249156kDaNp53XMdm2central acidic domain230-300Mdm2調Mdm2-Mdm2

Mdm2CRING430-4802C3-H2-C3RINGMdm2RINGE3Mdm2Mdm2RINGWalkerRINGRNA

調節

[編集]

Mdm2調1Mdm2Mdm2DNAMdm2p53Mdm2central acidic domainp53HIPK2Mdm2調p16alternate reading framep14arfp53-Mdm2調p14arfMdm2p53p14arfMdm2p53p53

MDM2-p53cis-[11]

Mdm2調Mdm2Mdm2USP7Mdm2USP7Mdm2p53Mdm2USP7p53調p53

相互作用

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アポトーシスに関与するシグナル伝達経路の概要

Mdm2は次に挙げる因子と相互作用することが示されている。

出典

[編集]
  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135679 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020184 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ Human PubMed Reference:
  4. ^ Mouse PubMed Reference:
  5. ^ “Amplification of a gene encoding a p53-associated protein in human sarcomas”. Nature 358 (6381): 80–3. (July 1992). doi:10.1038/358080a0. hdl:2027.42/62637. PMID 1614537. 
  6. ^ “Hdmx modulates the outcome of p53 activation in human tumor cells”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 281 (44): 33036–44. (November 2006). doi:10.1074/jbc.M605405200. PMID 16905769. 
  7. ^ “MDM2 Associates with Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 and Enhances Stemness-Promoting Chromatin Modifications Independent of p53”. Molecular Cell 61 (1): 68–83. (January 2016). doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2015.12.008. PMC 6284523. PMID 26748827. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6284523/. 
  8. ^ “MDM2 beyond cancer: podoptosis, development, inflammation, and tissue regeneration”. Histology and Histopathology 30 (11): 1271–82. (November 2015). doi:10.14670/HH-11-636. PMID 26062755. 
  9. ^ Alt, Jodi R.; Bouska, Alyssa; Fernandez, Mario R.; Cerny, Ronald L.; Xiao, Hua; Eischen, Christine M. (2005-05-13). “Mdm2 binds to Nbs1 at sites of DNA damage and regulates double strand break repair”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 280 (19): 18771–18781. doi:10.1074/jbc.M413387200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 15734743. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15734743. 
  10. ^ “The Functional Roles of the MDM2 Splice Variants P2-MDM2-10 and MDM2-∆5 in Breast Cancer Cells”. Translational Oncology 10 (5): 806–817. (October 2017). doi:10.1016/j.tranon.2017.07.006. PMC 5576977. PMID 28844019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5576977/. 
  11. ^ “In vivo activation of the p53 pathway by small-molecule antagonists of MDM2”. Science 303 (5659): 844–8. (February 2004). doi:10.1126/science.1092472. PMID 14704432. 
  12. ^ “Tyrosine phosphorylation of Mdm2 by c-Abl: implications for p53 regulation”. The EMBO Journal 21 (14): 3715–27. (July 2002). doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf384. PMC 125401. PMID 12110584. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC125401/. 
  13. ^ a b “Subcellular localization of beta-arrestins is determined by their intact N domain and the nuclear export signal at the C terminus”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (13): 11648–53. (March 2003). doi:10.1074/jbc.M208109200. PMID 12538596. 
  14. ^ a b “Nedd4 mediates agonist-dependent ubiquitination, lysosomal targeting, and degradation of the beta2-adrenergic receptor”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 283 (32): 22166–76. (August 2008). doi:10.1074/jbc.M709668200. PMC 2494938. PMID 18544533. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2494938/. 
  15. ^ “Beta-arrestin 2 functions as a G-protein-coupled receptor-activated regulator of oncoprotein Mdm2”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (8): 6363–70. (February 2003). doi:10.1074/jbc.M210350200. PMID 12488444. 
  16. ^ “Cyclin G1 has growth inhibitory activity linked to the ARF-Mdm2-p53 and pRb tumor suppressor pathways”. Molecular Cancer Research 1 (3): 195–206. (January 2003). PMID 12556559. 
  17. ^ a b “Hdm2 recruits a hypoxia-sensitive corepressor to negatively regulate p53-dependent transcription”. Current Biology 13 (14): 1234–9. (July 2003). doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(03)00454-8. PMID 12867035. 
  18. ^ a b c “p14ARF interacts with DAXX: effects on HDM2 and p53”. Cell Cycle 7 (12): 1836–50. (June 2008). doi:10.4161/cc.7.12.6025. PMID 18583933. 
  19. ^ “MDM2 regulates dihydrofolate reductase activity through monoubiquitination”. Cancer Research 68 (9): 3232–42. (May 2008). doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-5271. PMC 3536468. PMID 18451149. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3536468/. 
  20. ^ “p300/MDM2 complexes participate in MDM2-mediated p53 degradation”. Molecular Cell 2 (4): 405–15. (October 1998). doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80140-9. PMID 9809062. 
  21. ^ “A comprehensive resource of interacting protein regions for refining human transcription factor networks”. PLOS ONE 5 (2): e9289. (Feb 2010). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009289. PMC 2827538. PMID 20195357. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2827538/. 
  22. ^ “FKBP25, a novel regulator of the p53 pathway, induces the degradation of MDM2 and activation of p53”. FEBS Letters 583 (4): 621–6. (February 2009). doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.01.009. PMID 19166840. 
  23. ^ “Mdm2 induces mono-ubiquitination of FOXO4”. PLOS ONE 3 (7): e2819. (2008). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002819. PMC 2475507. PMID 18665269. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2475507/. 
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  25. ^ “MDM2-HDAC1-mediated deacetylation of p53 is required for its degradation”. The EMBO Journal 21 (22): 6236–45. (November 2002). doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf616. PMC 137207. PMID 12426395. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC137207/. 
  26. ^ “Direct interactions between HIF-1 alpha and Mdm2 modulate p53 function”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (16): 13595–8. (April 2003). doi:10.1074/jbc.C200694200. PMID 12606552. 
  27. ^ “Regulation of tumor angiogenesis by p53-induced degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha”. Genes & Development 14 (1): 34–44. (January 2000). doi:10.1101/gad.14.1.34. PMC 316350. PMID 10640274. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316350/. 
  28. ^ “Tip60 is targeted to proteasome-mediated degradation by Mdm2 and accumulates after UV irradiation”. The EMBO Journal 21 (7): 1704–12. (April 2002). doi:10.1093/emboj/21.7.1704. PMC 125958. PMID 11927554. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC125958/. 
  29. ^ “Identification of c-Cbl as a new ligase for insulin-like growth factor-I receptor with distinct roles from Mdm2 in receptor ubiquitination and endocytosis”. Cancer Research 68 (14): 5669–77. (July 2008). doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6364. PMID 18632619. 
  30. ^ “MdmX inhibits Smad transactivation”. Oncogene 21 (57): 8776–85. (December 2002). doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205993. PMID 12483531. 
  31. ^ “MDM2 interacts with MDMX through their RING finger domains”. FEBS Letters 447 (1): 5–9. (March 1999). doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00254-9. PMID 10218570. 
  32. ^ “MdmX is a RING finger ubiquitin ligase capable of synergistically enhancing Mdm2 ubiquitination”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (51): 49668–75. (December 2002). doi:10.1074/jbc.M208593200. PMID 12393902. 
  33. ^ “Structure of the MDM2/MDMX RING domain heterodimer reveals dimerization is required for their ubiquitylation in trans”. Cell Death and Differentiation 15 (5): 841–8. (May 2008). doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4402309. PMID 18219319. 
  34. ^ “Mammalian Numb is a target protein of Mdm2, ubiquitin ligase”. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 302 (4): 869–72. (March 2003). doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00282-1. PMID 12646252. 
  35. ^ “NUMB controls p53 tumour suppressor activity”. Nature 451 (7174): 76–80. (January 2008). doi:10.1038/nature06412. PMID 18172499. 
  36. ^ a b c “Ribosomal protein L11 negatively regulates oncoprotein MDM2 and mediates a p53-dependent ribosomal-stress checkpoint pathway”. Molecular and Cellular Biology 23 (23): 8902–12. (December 2003). doi:10.1128/MCB.23.23.8902-8912.2003. PMC 262682. PMID 14612427. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC262682/. 
  37. ^ “ARF promotes MDM2 degradation and stabilizes p53: ARF-INK4a locus deletion impairs both the Rb and p53 tumor suppression pathways”. Cell 92 (6): 725–34. (March 1998). doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81401-4. PMID 9529249. 
  38. ^ “Multiple interacting domains contribute to p14ARF mediated inhibition of MDM2”. Oncogene 21 (29): 4498–507. (July 2002). doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205558. PMID 12085228. 
  39. ^ “The Ink4a tumor suppressor gene product, p19Arf, interacts with MDM2 and neutralizes MDM2's inhibition of p53”. Cell 92 (6): 713–23. (March 1998). doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81400-2. PMID 9529248. 
  40. ^ “Mdm2 promotes the rapid degradation of p53”. Nature 387 (6630): 296–9. (May 1997). doi:10.1038/387296a0. PMID 9153395. 
  41. ^ “Oncoprotein MDM2 is a ubiquitin ligase E3 for tumor suppressor p53”. FEBS Letters 420 (1): 25–7. (December 1997). doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)01480-4. PMID 9450543. 
  42. ^ “Mdm2 binds p73 alpha without targeting degradation”. Oncogene 18 (27): 3923–9. (July 1999). doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202781. PMID 10435614. 
  43. ^ “MDM2 suppresses p73 function without promoting p73 degradation”. Molecular and Cellular Biology 19 (5): 3257–66. (May 1999). doi:10.1128/mcb.19.5.3257. PMC 84120. PMID 10207051. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84120/. 
  44. ^ “MDM2 inhibits PCAF (p300/CREB-binding protein-associated factor)-mediated p53 acetylation”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (34): 30838–43. (August 2002). doi:10.1074/jbc.M204078200. PMID 12068014. 
  45. ^ “Retinoblastoma protein modulates gankyrin-MDM2 in regulation of p53 stability and chemosensitivity in cancer cells”. Oncogene 27 (29): 4034–43. (July 2008). doi:10.1038/onc.2008.43. PMID 18332869. 
  46. ^ “Proteasome activator PA28 gamma regulates p53 by enhancing its MDM2-mediated degradation”. The EMBO Journal 27 (6): 852–64. (March 2008). doi:10.1038/emboj.2008.25. PMC 2265109. PMID 18309296. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2265109/. 
  47. ^ “The ribosomal L5 protein is associated with mdm-2 and mdm-2-p53 complexes”. Molecular and Cellular Biology 14 (11): 7414–20. (November 1994). doi:10.1128/mcb.14.11.7414. PMC 359276. PMID 7935455. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC359276/. 
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  49. ^ “MDM2 and promyelocytic leukemia antagonize each other through their direct interaction with p53”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (49): 49286–92. (December 2003). doi:10.1074/jbc.M308302200. PMID 14507915. 
  50. ^ “Cellular stress and DNA damage invoke temporally distinct Mdm2, p53 and PML complexes and damage-specific nuclear relocalization”. Journal of Cell Science 116 (Pt 19): 3917–25. (October 2003). doi:10.1242/jcs.00714. PMID 12915590. 
  51. ^ “Physical and functional interactions between PML and MDM2”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (31): 29288–97. (August 2003). doi:10.1074/jbc.M212215200. PMID 12759344. 
  52. ^ “Mdm2 regulates p53 mRNA translation through inhibitory interactions with ribosomal protein L26”. Molecular Cell 32 (2): 180–9. (October 2008). doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2008.08.031. PMC 2587494. PMID 18951086. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2587494/. 
  53. ^ “ATM-mediated serine 72 phosphorylation stabilizes ribonucleotide reductase small subunit p53R2 protein against MDM2 to DNA damage”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 (47): 18519–24. (November 2008). doi:10.1073/pnas.0803313105. PMC 2587585. PMID 19015526. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2587585/. 
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  55. ^ “The MDM2 C-terminal region binds to TAFII250 and is required for MDM2 regulation of the cyclin A promoter”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (49): 30651–61. (December 1997). doi:10.1074/jbc.272.49.30651. PMID 9388200. 
  56. ^ “Repression of p53-mediated transcription by MDM2: a dual mechanism”. Genes & Development 11 (15): 1974–86. (August 1997). doi:10.1101/gad.11.15.1974. PMC 316412. PMID 9271120. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316412/. 
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  58. ^ “CARPs enhance p53 turnover by degrading 14-3-3sigma and stabilizing MDM2”. Cell Cycle 7 (5): 670–82. (March 2008). doi:10.4161/cc.7.5.5701. PMID 18382127. 

関連文献

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関連項目

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外部リンク

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