Often, people upload images, particularly photographs, that do not abide by our licensing requirements.
This is done sometimes in good faith, sometimes in bad faith. So here a brief how-to for detecting many copyvios with a high probability.
It is not possible for us to detect all copyright violations. However, we can detect a great number of them by simply having a look around, especially in Special:Newimages, and watching for tell-tale signs. Here is a list of signs of probable copyright violations:
Watermarks
Photographs of such items can thus be covered by copyright of the artist (depending on the jurisdiction and the location of the item). Check for acceptable exceptions from this rule: {{PD-Art}} and {{FoP}}.
Questionable Flickr images lists users from Flickr, the popular image hosting site, that we believe have incorrectly marked photographs as free that they don't have the right to.
Search engines may help you to find the original source of an image.
For Google search-by-image and Tineye, there are two gadgets in your preferences (Maintenance tools) adding a one-click link. Activate the Tineye gadget now! and/or Activate the GoogleImages gadget now!
https://tineye.com is a "reverse image search engine" – you enter the URL of the image, and it searches for the same image. While it has only indexed a small fraction of the images on the Internet, it's quite good at identifying stock photographs from large providers. Tineye also reports the dates it indexed individual images, which makes it easier to evaluate whether an image uploaded to Commons is actually someone's original work.
The "big 3" image search engines are:
If you find a file which appears to be a copyright violation, it will normally have to be deleted under deletion policy.
However, if the problem is a lack of information, you should consider whether it may be possible to fix the problem, either by checking the source, or by contacting the uploader.
For complex copyright issues, especially ones that might lead to a clarification of Commons' documentation of the relevant copyright rules, you can also raise questions at Village pump/Copyright.
Wikimedia Commons policies and guidelines
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