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During the [[Siege of Paris (1870–1871)|siege of Paris]], horse meat, along with the meat of donkeys and mules, was eaten by anyone who could afford it, partly because of a shortage of fresh meat in the blockaded city, and also because horses were eating grain that was needed by the human populace. Though large numbers of horses were in Paris (estimates suggested between 65,000 and 70,000 were butchered and eaten during the siege), the supply was ultimately limited. Not even champion racehorses were spared (two horses presented to [[Napoleon III|Napoleon III of France]] by [[Alexander II of Russia]] were slaughtered), but the meat became [[Scarcity|scarce]]. Many Parisians gained a taste for horse meat during the siege, and after the war ended, horse meat remained popular. Likewise, in other places and times of siege or starvation, horses are viewed as a food source of last resort.
Despite the general [[Anglophone]] taboo, horse and donkey meat was eaten in Britain, especially in [[Yorkshire]], until the 1930s,<ref>''Eating Up Italy: Voyages on a Vespa'' by [[Matthew Fort]]. 2005, p253. {{ISBN|0-00-721481-2}}</ref> and, in times of postwar food shortages, surged in popularity in the United States<ref>{{cite news |last=Grutzner |first=Charles |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/09/25/archives/horse-meat-consumption-by-new-yorkers-is-rising-newark-dealer.html?sq=horse%2520meat&scp=4&st=cse |title=Horse Meat Consumption By New Yorkers Is Rising - Newark Dealer Reports 60% of Customers Are From City-Weinstein Will Not Prohibit Sale of the Flesh Here - Front Page - NYTimes.com |publisher=Select.nytimes.com |date=September 25, 1946 |access-date=February 9, 2014 |archive-date=July 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723004746/https://www.nytimes.com/1946/09/25/archives/horse-meat-consumption-by-new-yorkers-is-rising-newark-dealer.html?sq=horse%2520meat&scp=4&st=cse |url-status=live }}</ref> and was considered for use as [[dietetics|hospital food]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Powers |first=James E. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/09/29/archives/nearby-hospitals-down-to-minimum-of-meat-supplies-westchester-just.html?sq=horse%2520meat&scp=10&st=cse |title=NEAR-BY HOSPITALS DOWN TO MINIMUM OF MEAT SUPPLIES - Westchester Just Getting By, Monmouth is Using HighProtein SubstitutesHENKEL SCORES TRUMAN Says Restaurants Can't Sell 'Patience' Any More-3 Seek to Deal in Horse Flesh Here - Front Page - NYTimes.com |publisher=Select.nytimes.com |date=September 29, 1946 |access-date=February 9, 2014 |archive-date=July 23, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723004423/https://www.nytimes.com/1946/09/29/archives/nearby-hospitals-down-to-minimum-of-meat-supplies-westchester-just.html?sq=horse%2520meat&scp=10&st=cse |url-status=live }}</ref> A 2007 ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine article about horse meat brought to the United States from Canada described the meat as "a sweet, rich, superlean, oddly soft meat, and closer to beef than to [[venison]]
==Nutrition==
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This mentality is especially evident in [[Alberta]], where strong [[horse racing]] and breeding industries and cultures have existed since the province's founding, although large numbers of horses are slaughtered for meat in Fort MacLeod,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tierschutzbund-zuerich.ch/en/investigation-reports/country/select_category/36.html |title=Investigation reports, Canada |publisher=Tierschutzbund Zürich TSB |location=Zurich, Switzerland |access-date=January 14, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629155935/https://www.tierschutzbund-zuerich.ch/en/investigation-reports/country/select_category/36.html |archive-date=June 29, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and certain butchers in Calgary do sell it.
In 2013, the consumer protection show ''Kassensturz'' of Swiss television [[Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen|SRF]] reported the poor animal conditions at Bouvry Exports, a Canadian horse meat farm in Fort MacLeod, Alberta.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.srf.ch/konsum/themen/konsum/quaelerei-auf-pferdefarmen |title=Quälerei auf Pferdefarmen |trans-title=Cruelty on horse farms |author=Ursula Gabathuler |author2=Samira Zingaro |publisher=Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen SRF |date=February 22, 2013 |language=de |location=Zurich, Switzerland |access-date=January 14, 2015 |archive-date=February 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227043358/http://www.srf.ch/konsum/themen/konsum/quaelerei-auf-pferdefarmen |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Migros]], the primary importer of horse meat into Switzerland, started working with Bouvry to improve their animal welfare, but in 2015 Migros cut ties with Bouvry because though improvements had been made, they had not improved sufficiently. Migros had "set itself the ambitious goal of bringing all suppliers abroad up to the strict Swiss standards by 2020
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