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1945 French legislative election





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Legislative elections were held in France on 21 October 1945 to elect a Constituent Assembly to draft a constitution for a Fourth French Republic. 79.83% of voters participated. Women and soldiers were allowed to vote. 522 seats were elected through proportional representation.

1945 French legislative election

← 1936 21 October 1945 1946 (Jun) →

All 522 seats to the French National Assembly
262 seats were needed for a majority
Registered24,622,862
Turnout81.85% (Decrease1.65 pp)
  Majority party Minority party Third party
 
Leader Maurice Thorez Maurice Schumann Guy Mollet
Party PCF MRP SFIO
Leader's seat Seine Nord Pas-de-Calais
Seats won 148 141 134
Popular vote 5,005,336 4,780,338 4,561,411
Percentage 26.1% 24.9% 23.8%

PCF 148, MRP 141, SFIO 134, DA CNI 62, PR IG 35, Misc 2


Prime Minister before election

Charles de Gaulle
Independent

Elected Prime Minister

Charles de Gaulle
Independent

French newsreel before the elections

Parties and issues

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On 21 October 1945, the French voters were called to make two choices: the election of their deputies and a referendum in order to authorize the elected National Assembly to prepare a new constitutional text. De Gaulle and the "Three parties alliance" called for a "Yes" vote, whereas the Radicals and the Conservatives campaigned for a "No".

Symbol of the French Resistance to the German occupation and founder of the Free French Forces General Charles de Gaulle led a provisional government composed of the three main political forces of the Resistance: the French Communist Party (PCF), the French Section of the Workers' International (socialists, SFIO) and the Christian democratic Popular Republican Movement (MRP). It advocated an economic policy inspired by the programme of the National Council of Resistance: the creation of a Welfare State, and the nationalization of banks and major industrial companies (such as Renault). The opposition was composed of the parties which had dominated the pre-war governments of the Third Republic: the Radical Party and the classical Right.

Results

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Referendum

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The "Yes" won by 96% of the votes. This result reflected the support for the provisional government and the popular will for change.[citation needed]

National Assembly

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Unsurprisingly, the "Three-parties alliance" won a large majority in the National Assembly. The Radical Party, which had been the leading party of the left in the Third Republic, suffered a catastrophic result, and the right was equally destroyed (because of its support of Marshal Philippe Pétain). They appeared as being the forces of the past, as symbols of capitulation to Nazi Germany and the regime which collapsed in 1940. The French Communist Party, which had already doubled its score in the previous 1936 elections, came out on top with around 26% of votes and 159 seats. While the PCF and SFIO favored a unicameral parliamentary regime, the MRP favored a bicameral legislature. De Gaulle advocated a presidential government. He resigned in January 1946. The PCF and SFIO proposals were rejected in the 5 May 1946 referendum. This assembly was dissolved.

Parties and coalitions Abbr. Votes % Seats
French Communist Party (Parti communiste français) PCF 5,005,336 26.1 148
Popular Republican Movement (Mouvement républicain populaire) MRP 4,780,338 24.9 141
French Section of the Workers International (Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière) SFIO 4,561,411 23.8 134
Total "Three-parties alliance" 14,347,085 74.8 423
Conservatives (Democratic Alliance, National Centre of Independents and Peasants, Republican Party of Liberty and others) DA/CNI 2,545,845 13.3 62
Radical Socialists (Parti radical-socialiste) (including Independents of the Left and others) Rad./IG 2,131,763 11.1 35
Miscellaneous 165,106 0.9 2
Invalid/blank votes 467,804
Total 19,657,603 100 522
Turnout: 81.85%
Source: Nohlen & Stöver[1]
Popular vote
PCF

26.08%
MRP

24.91%
SFIO

23.77%
Conservatives

13.27%
Radical Socialists

11.11%
Others

0.86%
Parliamentary seats
PCF

28.35%
MRP

27.01%
SFIO

25.67%
Conservatives

11.88%
Radical Socialists

6.70%
Others

0.38%

References

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  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p. 688 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7

Further reading

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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1945_French_legislative_election&oldid=1229222837"
 



Last edited on 15 June 2024, at 15:33  





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This page was last edited on 15 June 2024, at 15:33 (UTC).

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