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1990 in spaceflight





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The following is an outline of 1990 in spaceflight.

1990 in spaceflight
The launch of Space Shuttle Discovery with the Hubble Space Telescope
Orbital launches
First1 January
Last27 December
Total121
Successes114
Failures5
Partial failures2
National firsts
Satellite Pakistan
Space traveller Japan
Rockets
Maiden flightsAriane 440
Ariane 4 42P
Atlas I
Commercial Titan III
Delta II 6920
Delta II 7925
Long March 2E
Pegasus
RetirementsDelta 4925
Long March 4A
Crewed flights
Orbital9
Total travellers39
  • t
  • e

    • Launch of Hubble Space Telescope

    edit
    This section is an excerpt from STS-31.[edit]
     
    Discovery deploys the Hubble Space Telescope.
    STS-31 was the 35th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program. The primary purpose of this mission was the deployment of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) into low Earth orbit. The mission used the Space Shuttle Discovery (the tenth mission for this orbiter), which lifted off from Launch Complex 39B on April 24, 1990, from Kennedy Space Center, Florida.

    Launches

    edit
  • Feb
  • Mar
  • Apr
  • May
  • Jun
  • Jul
  • Aug
  • Sep
  • Oct
  • Nov
  • Dec →
    • Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
    Payload
    (⚀ = CubeSat)     		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
    Remarks

    January

    edit
    1 January
    00:07 (UTC)[1]     		 Commercial Titan III[1]  Cape Canaveral[1] LC-40  Martin Marietta[1]
     Skynet 4A[1] MoD Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful; placed in graveyard orbit 20 June 2005[2]
     JCSAT 2[1] JSAT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful; placed in graveyard orbit 2002[3]
    Maiden flight of Commercial Titan III
    9 January
    12:35 (UTC)[5]     		 Space Shuttle Columbia  Kennedy LC-39A  
     STS-32 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment and retrieval 20 January
    09:35 (UTC)[6]    		 Successful
     Leasat F5 also known as Syncom IV-5.[7] NASA Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful; placed in graveyard orbit 24 September 2015.[4]
    Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts
    Long Duration Exposure Facility retrieval mission
    Leasat F5 retired 24 September 2015.[4]
    17 January
    14:45 (UTC)[8]     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2055 (Zenit-8)[8] Low Earth Reconnaissance 29 January[8] Successful
    18 January
    12:52 (UTC)[9]     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 133/3  
     Kosmos 2056 (Strela-2M)[9] Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful; replaced by Kosmos 2208 12 August 1992.[10]
    22 January
    01:35 (UTC)[11]     		 Ariane 4 (40)  Kourou[11] ELA-2  Arianespace
     SPOT 2 CNES Sun-synchronous Earth observation In orbit Successful; retired July, 2009.[12]
     UOSAT 3 also known as UoSAT-OSCAR 14[13] University of Surrey Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Successful; retired from active service in 1999[14] and used as an amateur FM radio relay until 11 November 2003.[15]
     UOSAT 4 University of Surrey Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Spacecraft failure 30 hours after launch[16]
     PACSAT AMSAT Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Microsat 2 AMSAT Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Microsat 3 AMSAT Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Microsat 4 AMSAT Sun-synchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    Maiden flight of Ariane 4 (40)
    UOSAT 4 ceased transmitting after 5 hours
    23 January
    02:52     		 Molniya-M/ML  Plesetsk  
     Molniya 3-53L Molniya Communications 23 June 2003 Successful
    24 January
    11:46     		 Mu-3S-II  Uchinoura  ISAS
     Hiten ISAS Lunar probe 11 April 1993 Successful
     Hagoromo ISAS Selenocentric Lunar orbiter In orbit Spacecraft failure
    First Japanese lunar mission
    Hagoromo suffered a transmitter malfunction prior to selenocentric orbit injection
    24 January
    22:55:01 (UTC)[17][18]     		 Delta II 6925[18]  Cape Canaveral LC-17A[17]  McDonnell Douglas
     GPS II-6 (USA-50)[18] US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
    25 January
    17:15 (UTC)[18]     		 Soyuz-U[18]   Plesetsk Site 16/2[18]  
     Kosmos 2057 (Yantar-4K2)[18] Low Earth Reconnaissance 19 March 1990[19] Successful
    30 January
    11:20 (UTC)[18]     		 Tsyklon-3[18]  Plesetsk[18] Site 32  
     Kosmos 2058 (Tselina-R)[18] Low Earth ELINT In orbit Operational

    February

    edit
    4 February
    12:27:03 (UTC)[18]     		 Long March 3[18]  Xichang[18] LC-1  
     DFH-2[18] A-4 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful; retired in the early 1990s[20]
    6 February
    16:30     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/2  
     Kosmos 2059 (Taifun-2) Low Earth Radar calibration 12 November Successful
    7 February
    01:33     		 H-I  Tanegashima LA-N  Mitsubishi
     MOS 1B NASDA Low Earth Earth observation In orbit Operational
     DEBUT Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Successful
     JAS-1B Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    11 February
    06:16     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Soyuz TM-9 Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-9 9 August
    07:33    		 Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with 2 cosmonauts
    14 February
    16:15:01 (UTC)[21][18]     		 Delta II 6920-8[18]  Cape Canaveral LC-17B[18]  McDonnell Douglas
     LACE (USA-51)[18] DoD Low Earth Technology demonstration 24 May 2000[22] Successful
     RME (USA-52)[18] DoD Low Earth Technology demonstration 24 May 1992[23] Successful
    Maiden flight of Delta II 6920
    15 February
    07:52     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 81/23  
     Raduga 25 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    22 February
    23:17     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Superbird B SCC Intended: Geosynchronous transfer Communications T+ seconds Launch failure
     BS 2X Intended: Geosynchronous transfer Communications
    Blocked water line caused rocket explosion
    27 February
    20:59     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/2  
     Nadezhda 2 Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    28 February
    00:55     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32/2  
     Okean 2 Low Earth Earth science In orbit Operational
    28 February
    07:50     		 Space Shuttle Atlantis  Kennedy LC-39A  
     STS-36 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment 4 March
    03:08    		 Successful
     USA-53 (Misty-1) NRO Low Earth Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
    Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts
    28 February
    23:10     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Progress M-3 Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 28 April
    00:52    		 Successful

    March

    edit
    14 March
    11:52     		 Commercial Titan III  Cape Canaveral LC-40  Martin Marietta
     Intelsat 603 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Partial launch failure
    Due to non-separation of second stage Intelsat 603 was released from its perigee motor into a Low Earth orbit. Space Shuttle Endeavour on mission STS-49 attached a new perigee motor which boosted the satellite to geosynchronous orbit.
    14 March
    15:27     		 Tsyklon-2  Baikonur Site 90/20  
     Kosmos 2060 (US-P) Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance 1 September 1991 Successful
    20 March
    00:25     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 133/3  
     Kosmos 2061 (Parus) Low Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
    22 March
    07:20     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2062 (Zenit-8) Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 April Successful
    26 March
    02:45     		 Delta II 6925  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  McDonnell Douglas
     GPS II-7 (USA-54) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Spacecraft failure
    Signal anomaly on 21 May 1996 made the satellite unusable in the GPS constellation.
    27 March
    16:40     		 Molniya-M/2BL  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2063 (Oko) Molniya Early warning In orbit Operational

    April

    edit
    3 April
    12:02     		 Shavit  Palmachim  
     Ofeq-2 Low Earth (retrograde) Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
    3 April  Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43  
     Yantar-4K2 Intended: Low Earth Reconnaissance 3 April Launch failure
    5 April
    19:10     		 Pegasus  Balls 8 Edwards  Orbital Sciences
     Pegsat NASA Low Earth Space Physics 14 November 1998 Successful
     USA-55 (SECS) DoD Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    Maiden flight of Pegasus
    6 April
    03:13     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 133/3  
     Kosmos 2064 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2065 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2066 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2067 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2068 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2069 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2070 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2071 (Strela-1M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    7 April
    13:30     		 Long March 3  Xichang LC-1  
     AsiaSat 1 AsiaSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    Originally launched as Westar 6 by Space Shuttle Challenger in February 1984 on mission STS-41-B. Was stranded in an incorrect orbit and was recovered in November 1984 by Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-51-A. Westar 6 was refurbished and sold to AsiaSat who renamed it AsiaSat 1.
    11 April
    15:00     		 Atlas-E/Altair-3A  Vandenberg SLC-3W  Lockheed
     USA-56 (POGS) DoD Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Successful
     USA-57 (TEX) DoD Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Successful
     USA-58 (SCE) DoD Low Earth Technology demonstration In orbit Successful
    11 April
    17:00     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/3  
     / Foton 6 CNES Low Earth Microgravity research 27 April
    06:15    		 Successful
    13 April
    18:53     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur  
     Kosmos 2072 (Yantar-4KS1) Low Earth Reconnaissance 22 November Successful
    13 April
    22:28     		 Delta II 6925-8  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  McDonnell Douglas
     Palapa B2R Telkom Indonesia Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    Originally launched in February 1984 as Palapa B2 by Space Shuttle Challenger on mission STS-41-B. Was stranded in an incorrect orbit and was recovered in November 1984 by Space Shuttle Discovery on mission STS-51-A.
    17 April
    08:00     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2073 (Zenit-8) Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 April Successful
    20 April
    18:41     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 133/3  
     Kosmos 2074 (Parus) Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    24 April
    12:33     		 Space Shuttle Discovery  Kennedy LC-39B  
     STS-31 NASA Low Earth HST deployment 29 April
    13:49    		 Successful
     / Hubble Space Telescope NASA/ESA Low Earth Space Telescope In orbit Operational
    Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts
    25 April
    13:00     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/2  
     Kosmos 2075 (Taifun-2) Low Earth Target 20 February 1992 Successful
    26 April
    01:37     		 Molniya-M/ML  Plesetsk  
     Molniya 1-77 Molniya Communications 25 February 2005 Successful
    28 April
    11:37     		 Molniya-M/2BL  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2076 (Oko) Molniya Early warning In orbit Operational

    May

    edit
    5 May
    20:44     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Progress 42 Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 27 May
    12:27    		 Successful
    Final flight of baseline Progress spacecraft
    7 May
    18:39     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2077 (Yantar-4K2) Low Earth Reconnaissance 4 July Successful
    9 May
    17:50     		 Scout G-1  Vandenberg SLC-5  
     MacSat 1 DARPA Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
     MacSat 2 DARPA Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
    15 May
    09:55     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur  
     Kosmos 2078 (Yantar-1KFT) Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 June Successful
    19 May
    08:32     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/40  
     Kosmos 2079 (GLONASS) Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2080 (GLONASS) Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2081 (GLONASS) Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    22 May
    05:14     		 Zenit-2  Baikonur Site 45/2  
     Kosmos 2082 (Tselina-2) Low Earth ELINT In orbit Operational
    First launch from Site 45/2
    29 May
    07:19     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/4  
     Resurs-F6 Low Earth Reconnaissance 14 June Successful
    31 May
    10:33     		 Proton-K  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Kristall Low Earth (Mir) Mir module 23 March 2001
    05:50    		 Successful

    June

    edit
    1 June
    21:48     		 Delta II 6920-10  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  McDonnell Douglas
     ROSAT Low Earth Astronomy 23 October 2011 Successful
    8 June
    05:21     		 Titan IVA (405)  Cape Canaveral LC-41  Martin Marietta
     USA-59 (SLDCOM) US Air Force Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     USA-60 (NOSS-2) US Navy Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
     USA-61 (NOSS-2) US Navy Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
     USA-62 (NOSS-2) US Navy Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
    12 June
    05:52     		 Delta 4925  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  McDonnell Douglas
     INSAT 1D ISRO Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    Final flight of Delta 4925
    13 June
    01:07     		 Molniya-M/ML  Plesetsk  
     Molniya 3-47L Molniya Communications 26 February 2006 Successful
    19 June
    08:45     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2083 (Zenit-8) Low Earth Reconnaissance 3 July 1990 Successful
    20 June
    23:36     		 Proton-K/DM  Baikonur Site 200/40  
     Gorizont 20 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    21 June
    20:45     		 Molniya-M/2BL  Plesetsk Site 43/3  
     Kosmos 2084 (Oko) Intended: Molniya
    Achieved: Low Earth     		Early warning In orbit Partial Failure
    Placed in an incorrect orbit and the satellite did not communicate with the ground.
    23 June
    11:19     		 Commercial Titan III  Cape Canaveral LC-40  Martin Marietta
     Intelsat 604 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    27 June
    22:30     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32  
     Meteor-2-19 Low Earth Earth Sciences In orbit Successful

    July

    edit
    3 July  Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 16/2  
     Yantar-4K2 Intended: Low Earth Reconnaissance 3 July Launch failure
    11 July
    10:00     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     / Gamma CNES Low Earth Astronomy 28 February 1992 Successful
    16 July
    00:40     		 Long March 2E  Xichang LC-2  
     Badr-1 SUPARCO Low Earth Communications 8 December Successful
     HS-601 Low Earth Boilerplate spacecraft In orbit Successful
    Maiden flight of Long March 2E
    17 July
    09:29     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/3  
     Resurs-F7 Low Earth Reconnaissance 16 August Successful
    18 July
    21:46     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Kosmos 2085 (Geizer 17L) Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    20 July
    08:40     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2086 (Zenit-8) Low Earth Reconnaissance 3 August Successful
    24 July
    22:25     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     TDF-2 Telediffusion Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
     DFS-2 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    25 July
    18:13     		 Molniya-M/2BL  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2087 (Oko) Molniya Early warning In orbit Operational
    25 July
    19:21     		 Atlas I  Cape Canaveral LC-36B  
     CRRES US Air Force Geosynchronous transfer Space Physics In orbit Successful
    Maiden flight of Atlas I
    Contact with spacecraft lost on 12 October 1991 due to onboard battery failure.
    30 July
    00:06     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32/1  
     Kosmos 2088 (Geo-IK) Low Earth Earth Science In orbit Successful

    August

    edit
    1 August
    09:32     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Soyuz TM-10 Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-7 10 December
    06:08    		 Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with 2 cosmonauts
    2 August
    05:39     		 Delta II 6925  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  McDonnell Douglas
     GPS II-8 (USA-63) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    3 August
    19:45     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2089 (Yantar-4K2) Low Earth Reconnaissance 1 October Successful
    8 August
    04:15     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32  
     Kosmos 2090 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2091 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2092 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2093 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2094 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2095 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    9 August
    20:18     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Ekran-M Intended: Geosynchronous Communications 9 August Launch failure
    10 August
    20:18     		 Molniya-M/ML  Plesetsk  
     Molniya 1-78 Molniya Communications 6 July 2007 Successful
    15 August
    04:00     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Progress M-4 Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 20 September
    11:42    		 Successful
    16 August
    09:54     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/4  
     Resurs-F8 Low Earth Reconnaissance 1 September Successful
    18 August
    00:42     		 Delta II 6925  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  McDonnell Douglas
     Marco Polo 2 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    23 August
    16:17     		 Tsyklon-2  Baikonur Site 90/20  
     Kosmos 2096 (US-P) Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance 30 August 1992 Successful
    28 August
    07:49     		 Molniya-M/2BL  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2097 (Oko) Molniya Early warning In orbit Operational
    28 August
    09:05     		 H-1  Tanegashima LA-N  Mitsubishi
     BS 3A Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    28 August
    15:45     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 133/3  
     Kosmos 2098 (Taifun-1) Low Earth Earth Science In orbit Successful
    30 August
    22:46     		 Ariane 4 (44LP)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Skynet 4C MoD Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Eutelsat 2F1 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    31 August
    08:00     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2099 (Zenit-8) Low Earth Reconnaissance 14 September Successful

    September

    edit
    3 September
    00:53     		 Long March 4A  Taiyuan LC-1  
     Feng Yun 1B Sun-synchronous Weather satellite In orbit Successful
     Qi Qiu Weixing 1 Sun-synchronous Atmospheric research 11 March 1991 Successful
     Qi Qiu Weixing 2 Sun-synchronous Atmospheric research 24 July 1991 Successful
    Final flight of Long March 4A
    7 September
    11:59     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 16/2  
     Resurs-F9 Low Earth Reconnaissance 21 September Successful
    14 September
    05:59     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 133/3  
     Kosmos 2100 (Parus) Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    20 September
    20:16     		 Molniya-M/ML  Plesetsk  
     Molniya 3-54L Molniya Communications In orbit Operational
    27 September
    10:37     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Progress M-5 Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 28 November
    11:04    		 Successful
    28 September
    07:30     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32  
     Meteor-2-20 Low Earth Earth Science In orbit Successful

    October

    edit
    1 October
    11:00     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Kosmos 2101 (Orlets-1) Low Earth Reconnaissance 30 November Successful
    1 October
    21:56     		 Delta II 6925  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  McDonnell Douglas
     GPS II-9 (USA-64) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
    4 October  Zenit-2  Baikonur Site 45/2  
     Tselina-2 Intended: Low Earth ELINT T+5 seconds Launch failure
    First stage engine failure five seconds after launch. Subsequent explosion completely destroyed the launch pad, which was not rebuilt.
    5 October
    06:14     		 Long March 2C  Jiuquan LA-2B  
     FSW-1-3 Low Earth Reconnaissance 13 October
    03:59    		 Successful
    6 October
    11:47     		 Space Shuttle Discovery  Kennedy LC-39B  
     STS-41 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment 10 October Successful
     / Ulysses ESA/NASA Heliocentric Solar probe In orbit Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts
    12 October
    22:58     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     SBS 6 SBS Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
     Galaxy 6 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    16 October
    19:00     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2102 (Yantar-4K2) Low Earth Reconnaissance 12 December Successful
    30 October
    23:16     		 Delta II 6925  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  McDonnell Douglas
     Inmarsat 2F1 Inmarsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational

    November

    edit
    3 November
    14:40     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 81/23  
     Gorizont 21 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    13 November
    00:37     		 Titan IVA (402)/IUS  Cape Canaveral LC-41  Martin Marietta
     USA-65 (DSP-15) US Air Force Geosynchronous Early warning In orbit Operational
    14 November
    06:33     		 Tsyklon-2  Baikonur Site 90/20  
     Kosmos 2103 (US-P) Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance 3 April 1991 Successful
    15 November
    23:48     		 Space Shuttle Atlantis  Kennedy LC-39A  
     STS-38 NASA Low Earth Satellite deployment 20 November
    21:42    		 Successful
     USA-67 (SDS-2) NRO Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Prowler NRO Geosynchronous Satellite inspection
    Technology    		 In orbit Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts
    16 November
    16:30     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2104 (Zenit-8) Low Earth Reconnaissance 4 December Successful
    20 November
    02:33     		 Molniya-M/2BL  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2105 (Oko) Molniya Early warning 16 January 2008 Successful
    20 November
    23:11     		 Ariane 4 (42P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Satcom C1 GE Americom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
     GStar 4 Spacenet Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    Maiden flight of Ariane 4 (42P)
    23 November
    03:51     		 Molniya-M/ML  Plesetsk  
     Molniya 1-79 Molniya Communications 30 August 2005 Successful
    23 November
    13:22     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Gorizont 22 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    26 November
    21:39     		 Delta II 7925  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  McDonnell Douglas
     GPS IIA-1 (USA-66) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Successful
    Maiden flight of Delta II 7925
    28 November
    16:33     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32  
     Kosmos 2106 (Tselina-D) Low Earth ELINT 7 April 2000 Successful

    December

    edit
    1 December
    15:57     		 Atlas-E/Star-37  Vandenberg SLC-3W  Lockheed
     USA-68 (DMSP-5D2 F10) US Air Force Sun-synchronous Weather satellite In orbit Successful
    2 December
    06:49     		 Space Shuttle Columbia  Kennedy LC-39B  
     STS-35 NASA Low Earth Astronomy 10 December
    23:54    		 Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with 7 astronauts
    2 December
    08:13     		 Soyuz-U2  Baikonur Site 1/5  
     Soyuz TM-11 Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-8 26 May 1991
    10:04    		 Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with 3 cosmonauts including the first Japanese space traveler.
    4 December
    00:48     		 Tsyklon-2  Baikonur Site 90/20  
     Kosmos 2107 (US-P) Low Earth Naval Reconnaissance 6 April 1992 Successful
    4 December
    18:30     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2108 (Yantar-4K2) Low Earth Reconnaissance 28 January 1991 Successful
    8 December
    02:43     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 81/23  
     Kosmos 2109 (GLONASS) Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2110 (GLONASS) Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2111 (GLONASS) Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    10 December
    07:54     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 133/3  
     Kosmos 2112 (Strela-2M) Low Earth Communications In orbit Successful
    20 December
    11:35     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 81/23  
     Raduga 26 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    21 December
    06:20     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur  
     Kosmos 2113 (Yantar-4KS1) Low Earth Reconnaissance 11 June 1991 Successful
    22 December
    07:28     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32  
     Kosmos 2114 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2115 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2116 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2117 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2118 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2119 (Strela-3) Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    26 December
    11:10     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk  
     Kosmos 2120 (Zenit-8) Low Earth Reconnaissance 17 January 1991 Successful
    27 December
    11:08     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Raduga-1-2 Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
  • Feb
  • Mar
  • Apr
  • May
  • Jun
  • Jul
  • Aug
  • Sep
  • Oct
  • Nov
  • Dec →

    • Deep-space rendezvous

    edit
    Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
    10 February Galileo Flyby of Venus Gravity assist; Closest approach: 16,000 kilometres (9,900 mi)
    19 March Hiten Flyby of the Moon
    19 March Hagoromo Selenocentric orbit injection
    10 August Magellan Cytherean orbit injection
    8 December Galileo 1st flyby of the Earth Gravity assist; Closest approach: 960 kilometres (600 mi)

    EVAs

    edit
    Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
    8 January
    20:23     		2 hours
    56 minutes     		23:19 Mir EO-5  Alexander Viktorenko
     Aleksandr Serebrov     		Installed new star tracker sensors launched in the Kvant-2 module onto Kvant-1.
    11 January
    18:01     		2 hours
    54 minutes     		20:55 Mir EO-5  Alexander Viktorenko
     Aleksandr Serebrov     		Closed out experimental racks, either retrieving for return to Earth, or discarding into space. Modified the docking node for the arrival of the Kristall module.
    26 January
    12:09     		3 hours
    2 minutes     		15:11 Mir EO-5
    Kvant-2     		 Alexander Viktorenko
     Aleksandr Serebrov     		Tested the new Orlan-DMA spacesuit. This spacewalk team was the first use of the EVA airlock hatch on the Kvant-2 module. During the spacewalk a mooring post was attached outside the airlock, and a Kurs antenna was removed to enable future EVAs.
    1 February
    08:15     		4 hours
    59 minutes     		13:14 Mir EO-5
    Kvant-2     		 Alexander Viktorenko
     Aleksandr Serebrov     		Tested the SPK "flying armchair", analogous to NASA's MMU. The SPK did not fly free, but remained tethered to Kvant-2 during the tests.
    5 February
    06:08     		3 hours
    45 minutes     		09:53 Mir EO-5
    Kvant-2     		 Alexander Viktorenko
     Aleksandr Serebrov     		Conducted more tests of the SPK. Viktorenko reached as far as 45 metres (148 ft) from Mir.
    17 July
    13:06     		7 hours
    15 minutes     		20:22 Mir EO-6
    Kvant-2     		 Anatoly Solovyev
     Aleksandr Balandin     		At the start of their EVA to repair torn insulation on the Soyuz TM-9, Solovyev and Balandin damaged the hatch on Kvant-2 by opening it before the airlock was completely depressurized. The spacewalking team repaired the insulation on Soyuz, but time constraints required returning to Kvant-2 before they collected their tools and ladders. Unable to securely close the damaged hatch, they used the center section of Kvant-2 as a back-up airlock.
    26 July
    11:15     		3 hours
    31 minutes     		14:46 Mir EO-6
    Kvant-2     		 Anatoly Solovyev
     Aleksandr Balandin     		Transmitted images of the damaged hatch to TsUP, recovered the ladders and tools left outside earlier and removed debris lodged in the hinge of the airlock hatch, allowing the hatch to close and seal for repressurization.
    29 October
    21:45     		2 hours
    45 minutes     		30 October
    00:30     		Mir EO-7
    Kvant-2     		 Gennadi Manakov
     Gennady Strekalov     		After removing insulation around the damaged Kvant-2 hatch, they found the hatch to be more heavily damaged than previously understood. Although unable to completely repair the hatch, they added hardware to the hatch.

    See also

    edit
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.[dead link]
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.[dead link]
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.[dead link]
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

    • Generic references:


      Spaceflight portal

    Footnotes

    edit
    1. ^ a b c d e f "10th Try the Charm as Titan 3 Blasts Off". Los Angeles Times. Cape Canaveral, Florida. Times Wire Service. 1 January 1990. p. 4. Archived from the original on 29 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  • ^ "UK Registry of Outer Space Objects" (PDF). gov.uk. Swindon, Wiltshire: UK Space Agency. May 2021. p. 16. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
  • ^ Yanagisawa, Toshifumi (3 March 2016). "Lightcurve observations of LEO objects in JAXA" (PDF). Japan Space Forum. Tokyo, Japan: JAXA. p. 23. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 May 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
  • ^ a b Fisher, Jack (2 November 2015). "LEASAT F5, The Final Chapter-Andy Ott". hughesscgheritage.com. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ Harwood, William (9 January 1990). "Columbia thunders into orbit". Kilgore News Herald. Cape Canaveral, Florida. United Press International. p. 1. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  • ^ Siegel, Lee (21 January 1990). "Space shuttle lands after record flight". Record-Journal. Edwards Air Force Base. Associated Press. p. 3. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  • ^ "Leasat F5". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ a b c Vítek, Antonín (10 April 2009). "1990-003A - Kosmos 2055". Library of the CAS (in Czech). Czech Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ a b Vítek, Antonín (7 March 2010). "1990-004A - Kosmos 2056". Library of the CAS (in Czech). Czech Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ Rodvold, D. M.; Johnson, N. L. (1 January 1992). "1991-1992: Europe & Asia in Space" (PDF). Defense Technical Information Center. Kaman Sciences Corp. p. 101. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ a b "Ariane rocket carries aloft 7 satellites". The Orlando Sentinel. 22 January 1992. p. 10. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  • ^ "SPOT-2". Earth Online. ESA. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ "UoSAT-OSCAR 14". om3ktr.sk. 16 November 2003. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ "Where are they: UoSAT-3". Messages from Space. University of Surrey. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ "ARRL Satellite Bulletin ARLS015 (2003)". On The Air. Newington, Connecticut: ARRL. 13 November 2003. Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  • ^ Underwood, Craig I. (March 2000). "18 Years of Flight Experience with the UoSAT Microsatellites". SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System. Surrey Satellite Technology. p. 2. Archived from the original on 31 May 2021. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  • ^ a b Halvorson, Todd (25 January 1990). "Delta 2 successfully launched". Florida Today. p. 6A. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  • ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t McDowell, Jonathan C. (12 August 2021). "GCAT: Orbital Launches". Jonathan's Space Report. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  • ^ "Cosmos 2057: Launch/Orbital information". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  • ^ Krebs, Gunter Dirk (21 July 2019). "DFH-2A 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (STTW, ChinaSat, ZX 1, 2, 3, 4)". Gunter's Space Page. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021. All DFH-2As had exhausted fuel and halted operation by the early 1990s.
  • ^ Halvorson, Todd (15 February 1990). "Delta deploys 'Star Wars' satellites". Florida Today. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  • ^ "LACE: Launch/Orbital information". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.
  • ^ "RME: Launch/Orbital information". NSSDCA Master Catalog. NASA. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 12 August 2021.

    • Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1990_in_spaceflight&oldid=1229735718"
      



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