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1996 in spaceflight





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This article outlines notable events occurring in 1996 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

1996 in spaceflight
The first Long March 3B, carrying Intelsat 708, goes off-course immediately after launch. The rocket later came down over a village, reportedly killing several to hundred on the ground
Orbital launches
First11 January
Last24 December
Total77
Successes69
Failures4
Partial failures4
Catalogued73
National firsts
Satellite Malaysia
Rockets
Maiden flightsAriane 5G
J-I
Long March 3B
Crewed flights
Orbital9
Total travellers49
  • t
  • e

    • Intelsat 708 launch failure

    edit
    This section is an excerpt from Intelsat 708.[edit]

    Launches

    edit
  • Feb
  • Mar
  • Apr
  • May
  • Jun
  • Jul
  • Aug
  • Sep
  • Oct
  • Nov
  • Dec →
    • Date and time (UTC) Rocket Flight number Launch site LSP
    Payload
    (⚀ = CubeSat)     		Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
    Remarks

    January

    edit
    10 January  DF-21  Taiyuan  
    Suborbital Missile test 10 January Successful
    11 January
    09:41     		 Space Shuttle Endeavour  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
     STS-72 NASA Low Earth Satellite retrieval 20 January
    07:41    		 Successful
     OAST-Flyer NASA Low Earth Technology development
    Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
    Retrieved Space Flyer Unit
    12 January
    23:10     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     PAS-3R PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Measat-1 Binariang Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    Measat-1 is the first Malaysian satellite
    14 January
    11:10     		 Delta II 7925  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  Boeing IDS
     Koreasat-2 Korea Telecom Current: Graveyard
    Operational: Geosynchronous     		Communications In orbit Successful
    Koreasat-2 retired on 8 April 2000
    16 January
    15:33     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
     Kosmos 2327 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    25 January
    09:56     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Gorizont 31 MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    27 January  Prithvi II  Balasore  DRDO
    DRDO Suborbital Missile test 27 January Successful
    Maiden flight of Prithvi II missile

    February

    edit
    1 February
    01:15     		 Atlas IIAS  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
     Palapa C1 Telkom Indonesia Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    5 February
    07:19     		 Ariane 4 (44P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     N-STAR b NTT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    11 February
    23:00     		 S-310  Uchinoura LA-K  ISAS
     NTV-1 ISAS Suborbital Aeronomy research 11 February Successful
    11 February
    23:00     		 J-I  Tanegashima LA-N  NASDA
     HYFLEX NASDA Suborbital Test flight 11 February Successful
    Only flight of J-I
    14 February
    19:01     		 Long March 3B  Taiyuan LC-2  CASC
     Intelsat 708 Intelsat Intended: Geosynchronous Communications +22 seconds Launch Failure
    Maiden flight of Long March 3B
    Loss of control at T+2 seconds, exploded 20 seconds later; Six to hundred fatalities on the ground
    17 February
    20:43     		 Delta II 7925-8  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  Boeing IDS
     NEAR NASA Erosian
    via Heliocentric     		Asteroid probe 12 February 2001
    20:01    		 Successful
    Flyby of 253 Mathilde, entered orbit around and landed on 433 Eros; First probe to orbit and land on an asteroid
    Final contact received on 28 February 2001, and unsuccessfully attempted on 10 December 2002
    19 February
    00:58     		 Tsyklon-3  Plesetsk Site 32  
     Gonets-D1 Roskosmos Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Gonets-D1 Roskosmos Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Gonets-D1 Roskosmos Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2328 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2329 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
     Kosmos 2330 (Strela-3) MO RF Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    19 February
    08:19     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Raduga 44L MOM Intended: Geosynchronous
    Actual: Geosynchronous transfer     		Communications In orbit Launch Failure
    Upper stage failed to ignite for second burn due to blocked valve
    21 February
    12:34     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
     Soyuz TM-23 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-21 2 September
    07:41    		 Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts
    22 February
    20:18     		 Space Shuttle Columbia  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
     STS-75 NASA Low Earth USMP-3 9 March
    13:58    		 Successful
     TSS-1R NASA Low Earth Tether satellite 19 March Failure
     EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet 9 March
    13:58    		 Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
    TSS-1R tether snapped during deployment; Intended to be returned to Earth by Columbia, but could not be recovered
    23 February
    19:17     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Technology development 23 February Successful
    23 February
    19:44     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Ionosphere research 23 February Successful
    24 February
    11:24     		 Delta II 7925-10  Vandenberg SLC-2W  Boeing IDS
     Polar NASA High Earth (elliptical) Auroral research In orbit Successful
    Mission concluded in April 2008

    March

    edit
    2 March
    10:00     		 Skylark 7  Esrange Area S  DLR
     TEXUS 34 DASA Suborbital Microgravity research 2 March Successful
    6 March
    03:35     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Astronomy 6 March Successful
    6 March
    20:01     		 LGM-30G Minuteman III  Vandenberg LF-09  US Air Force
     FOT GT161GM US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 6 March Successful
    9 March
    01:53     		 Pegasus-XL  Stargazer, Vandenberg  Orbital Sciences
     REX 2 US Air Force Low Earth Ionosphere research In orbit Operational
    14 March
    07:11     		 Ariane 4 (44LP)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Intelsat 707 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    14 March
    17:40     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/4  
     Kosmos 2331 (Yantar-4K1) MOM Low Earth Reconnaissance 11 June Successful
    21 March
    04:53     		 PSLV  Sriharikota FLP  ISRO
     IRS-P3 ISRO Sun-synchronous Remote sensing In orbit Successful
    22 March  Hera  White Sands LC-94  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 22 March Successful
    22 March  THAAD  White Sands  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital ABM Test 22 March Successful
    22 March
    08:13     		 Space Shuttle Atlantis  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
     STS-76 NASA Low Earth (Mir) Shuttle-Mir flight 31 March
    13:28    		 Successful
     SpaceHab LSM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Atlantis) Logistics
    Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
    28 March
    00:21     		 Delta II 7925-9.5  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  Boeing IDS
     USA-117 (GPS IIA-16) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational

    April

    edit
    3 April
    15:59     		 Black Brant 9CM1  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Aeronomy and microgravity research 3 April Successful
    3 April
    23:01     		 Atlas IIA  Cape Canaveral LC-36A   International Launch Services
     Inmarsat 3F1 Inmarsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    8 April
    23:09     		 Proton-K/DM-2M  Baikonur Site 81/23   International Launch Services
     Astra 1F SES Astra Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    17 April
    07:00     		 RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
    RVSN Suborbital Missile test 17 April Successful
    20 April
    22:36     		 Ariane 4 (42P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     MSAT-1 TMI Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    21 April  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 21 April Successful
    21 April  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 21 April Successful
    21 April
    11:48     		 Proton-K  Baikonur Site 81/23  Roskosmos
     Priroda Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir module 23 March 2001
    05:50    		 Successful
    24 April
    12:27     		 Delta II 7920-10  Vandenberg SLC-2W  Boeing IDS
     MSX BMDO Sun-synchronous Infrared astronomy In orbit Successful
    Member of the Space Surveillance Network
    24 April
    13:00     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
     Kosmos 2332 (Taifun) MO RF Low Earth Radar calibration 28 January 2005 Successful
    24 April
    23:37     		 Titan IVA (401)/Centaur  Cape Canaveral LC-41  Lockheed Martin
     USA-118 (Mercury-2) NRO Geosynchronous ELINT In orbit Operational
    30 April
    04:31     		 Atlas I  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
     BeppoSAX ASI Low Earth X-ray astronomy 30 April 2003 Successful

    May

    edit
    3 May
    04:16     		 Skylark 7  Esrange Area S  DLR
     Maser 7 SSC Suborbital Microgravity research 3 May Successful
    5 May
    07:04     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
     Progress M-31 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 1 August
    20:33    		 Successful
    8 May
    08:01     		 LGM-118 Peacekeeper  Vandenberg LF-05  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 8 May Successful
    12 May
    21:32     		 Titan IVA (403)  Vandenberg SLC-4E  Lockheed Martin
     USA-119 (NOSS 2–3) NRO Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational
     USA-120 (NOSS 2–3) NRO Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational
     USA-121 (NOSS 2–3) NRO Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational
     USA-122 (NOSS 2–3) NRO Low Earth SIGINT In orbit Operational
     USA-123 (TiPS) NRL Low Earth Space tether experiment In orbit Operational
     USA-124 (TiPS) NRL Low Earth Space tether experiment In orbit Operational
    14 May
    08:55     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 31/6  
     Yantar-1KFT VKS Intended: Low Earth Reconnaissance + 49 seconds Launch Failure
    Payload fairing disintegrated
    16 May  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 16 May Successful
    16 May  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 16 May Successful
    16 May  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 16 May Successful
    16 May  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 16 May Successful
    16 May
    01:56     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Palapa C2 Telkom Indonesia Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     AMOS 1 Spacecom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    17 May
    02:44     		 Pegasus-H  Stargazer, Vandenberg  Orbital Sciences
     MSTI-3 BMDO Low Earth Technology development 11 December 1997 Successful
    19 May
    10:30     		 Space Shuttle Endeavour  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
     STS-77 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 29 May
    11:10    		 Successful
     SpaceHab LSM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Endeavour) Scientific experiments
     SPARTAN-207 NASA Low Earth Technology demonstration
     IAE NASA Low Earth Technology demonstration 22 May Successful
     PAMS NASA Low Earth Technology demonstration 26 October Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
    SPARTAN used to deploy the IAE satellite on 20 May; PAMS deployed on 22 May
    24 May
    01:09     		 Delta II 7925  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  Boeing IDS
     Galaxy 9 PanAmSat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    25 May
    02:05     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Gorizont 32 MOM Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    30 May
    08:01     		 LGM-118 Peacekeeper  Vandenberg LF-02  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 30 May Successful

    June

    edit
    4 June
    05:06     		 Black Brant VIIIC  White Sands  NASA
     XQC NASA Suborbital X-ray astronomy 4 June Successful
    4 June
    12:34     		 Ariane 5G  Kourou ELA-3  Arianespace
     Cluster F1 ESA Intended: High Earth (elliptical) Magnetosphere research +37 seconds Launch Failure
     Cluster F2 ESA Intended: High Earth (elliptical) Magnetosphere research
     Cluster F3 ESA Intended: High Earth (elliptical) Magnetosphere research
     Cluster F4 ESA Intended: High Earth (elliptical) Magnetosphere research
    Maiden flight of Ariane 5G; Ariane 5 Flight 501
    Programming error led to rocket going off course
    6 June  UR-100N  Baikonur  RVSN
    RVSN Suborbital Missile test 6 June Successful
    6 June  RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
    RVSN Suborbital Missile test 6 June Successful
    15 June
    06:55     		 Ariane 4 (44P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Intelsat 709 Intelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    17 June
    05:50     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Radio astronomy 17 June Successful
    20 June
    14:40     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Test rocket 20 June Successful
    20 June
    14:49     		 Space Shuttle Columbia  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
     STS-78 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 7 July
    12:36    		 Successful
     Spacelab Long Module 2 NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Spacelab LMS-1
     EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
    Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
    20 June
    18:45     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 16/2  
     Yantar-4K1 VKS Intended: Low Earth Reconnaissance +50 seconds Launch Failure
    Payload fairing disintegrated
    26 June
    12:17     		 LGM-30G Minuteman III  Vandenberg LF-10  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 26 June Successful
    26 June
    14:59     		 LGM-30G Minuteman III  Vandenberg LF-04  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 26 June Successful
    26 June
    19:00     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Solar observation 26 June Successful
    28 June  R-29 Vysota  Submarine, Sea of Okhotsk  Russian Navy
    Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 28 June Successful
    28 June  R-29 Vysota  Submarine, Sea of Okhotsk  Russian Navy
    Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 28 June Successful
    28 June  R-29 Vysota  Submarine, Sea of Okhotsk  Russian Navy
    Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 28 June Successful

    July

    edit
    2 July
    07:48     		 Pegasus-XL  Stargazer, Vandenberg  Orbital Sciences
     TOMS-EP NASA Low Earth Ozone mapping In orbit Operational
    3 July
    00:31     		 Titan IVA (405)  Cape Canaveral LC-40 Lockheed Martin
     USA-125 (SDS 2–4) US Air Force High Earth (elliptical) Communications In orbit Operational
    3 July
    10:47     		 Long March 3  Xichang LC-1  
     Apstar 1A APT Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    9 July  Aries  Wallops Island  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Tracking demonstration 9 July Successful
    9 July
    22:24     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Arabsat 2A Arabsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Turksat 1C Türksat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    14 July
    07:15     		 Black Brant 9CM1  White Sands LC-36  NASA
     NUVIEWS 1 NASA Suborbital Ultraviolet astronomy 14 July Successful
    15 July  R-29 Vysota  Submarine, Barents Sea  Russian Navy
    Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 15 July Successful
    15 July  R-29 Vysota  Submarine, Barents Sea  Russian Navy
    Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 15 July Successful
    15 July
    11:28     		 Hera  White Sands LC-94  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital ABM Target 15 July Successful
    15 July
    11:31     		 THAAD  White Sands  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital ABM test 15 July Successful
    15 July
    18:21     		 Castor 4B  Wake Island  Orbital Sciences
    Orbital Sciences Suborbital Re-entry test 15 July Successful
    16 July
    00:50     		 Delta II 7925-9.5  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  Boeing IDS
     USA-126 (GPS IIA-17) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    19 July  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 July Successful
    19 July  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 19 July Successful
    25 July  RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
    RVSN Suborbital Missile test 25 July Successful
    25 July
    12:42     		 Atlas II  Cape Canaveral LC-36A  
     USA-127 (UHF F/O F7) US Air Force Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    26 July
    09:40     		 Black Brant 9CM1  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 26 July Successful
    31 July
    20:00     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
     Progress M-32 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 20 November
    22:42    		 Successful

    August

    edit
    8 August
    22:49     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Italsat F2 ASI Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Telecom 2D France Télécom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    12 August
    18:58     		 Nike Orion  White Sands  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 12 August Successful
    14 August
    22:20     		 Molniya-M  Plesetsk Site 43/3  
      Molniya 1-89 MOM Molniya Communications 7 April 2012 Successful
    17 August
    01:58     		 H-II  Tanegashima LA-Y1  NASDA
     ADEOS (Midori) NASDA Low Earth Atmospheric research In orbit Operational
     JAS-2 (Fuji-2) JARL Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    17 August
    13:18     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
     Soyuz TM-24 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Mir EO-22 2 March 1997
    06:44    		 Successful
    Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
    18 August
    10:27     		 Long March 3  Xichang LC-1  
     Chinasat 7 Chinasat Intended: Geosynchronous
    Actual: High Earth (elliptical)     		Communications In orbit Launch Failure
    Third stage failure left satellite in useless orbit
    20 August
    15:30     		 S-310  Uchinoura Area K  ISAS
     SEEK ISAS Suborbital Plasma research 20 August Successful
    20 August
    16:00     		 Black Brant 9CM1  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Solar research 20 August Successful
    21 August
    09:47     		 Pegasus-XL  Stargazer, Vandenberg  Orbital Sciences
     FAST NASA Low Earth Magnetosphere research In orbit Operational
    26 August
    14:00     		 S-310  Uchinoura Area K  ISAS
     SEEK ISAS Suborbital Plasma research 26 August Successful
    29 August  Black Brant VC  Wallops Island  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Test rocket 29 August Successful
    29 August
    05:22     		 Molniya-M  Plesetsk Site 43/3  
     MUSAT CONAE Molniya Magnetosphere research 12 November 1999 Successful
     Interbol 2 Roskosmos Molniya Auroral research In orbit Operational
     Magion 5 Molniya Auroral research In orbit Successful
    31 August
    15:41     		 STARS  Barking Sands  US Air Force
     ODES/MSX MDT-2 US Air Force Suborbital Target 31 August Successful

    September

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    4 September
    09:01     		 Zenit-2  Baikonur Site 45/1  
     Kosmos 2333 (Tselina-2) MO RF Low Earth ELINT In orbit Operational
    5 September
    12:47     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
     Kosmos 2334 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
     Oscar 30 UNAMSAT Low Earth Communications In orbit Operational
    6 September
    17:37     		 Proton-K/DM-2  Baikonur Site 81/23   International Launch Services
     Inmarsat 3F2 Inmarsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    8 September
    21:49     		 Atlas IIA  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
     GE 1 GE Americom Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    11 September
    00:00     		 Ariane 4 (42P)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Echostar II EchoStar Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Successful
    Retired after malfunction on 14 July 2008[1]
    11 September
    08:01     		 LGM-118 Peacekeeper  Vandenberg LF-05  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 11 September Successful
    12 September
    08:49     		 Delta II 7925-9.5  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  Boeing IDS
     USA-128 (GPS IIA-18) US Air Force Medium Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    16 September
    08:54     		 Space Shuttle Atlantis  Kennedy LC-39A  United Space Alliance
     STS-79 NASA Low Earth Shuttle-Mir flight 26 September
    12:13    		 Successful
     SpaceHab LDM NASA/SpaceHab Low Earth (Atlantis) Logistics
    Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
    24 September
    22:00     		 TR-1  Tanegashima LA-T  NASDA
    NASDA Suborbital Microgravity research 24 September Successful
    26 September
    17:50     		 Proton-K/DM-2M  Baikonur Site 200/39  
     Ekspress-6 RSCSC Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    27 September
    16:51     		 LGM-30F Minuteman II  Vandenberg LF-03  US Air force
    US Air Force Suborbital Target 27 September Successful

    October

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    2 October  UGM-96 Trident I  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 2 October Successful
    3 October  RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
    RVSN Suborbital Missile test 3 October Successful
    3 October  R-29 Vysota  Submarine, Barents Sea  Russian Navy
    Russian Navy Suborbital Missile test 3 October Successful
    9 October  Hera  White Sands LC-94  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital ABM target 9 October Successful
    9 October  THAAD  White Sands  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital ABM test 9 October Successful
    16 October
    10:41     		 LCLV  Wallops Island  US Air Force
     Red Tigress 3 US Air Force Suborbital Target 16 October Successful
    16 October
    16:02     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Technology development 16 October Successful
    20 October
    07:20     		 Long March 2D  Jiuquan  
     FSW-2-3 CASC Low Earth Reconnaissance 4 November Successful
    21 October
    03:00     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Astronomy 21 October Successful
    24 October
    11:37     		 Molniya-M  Plesetsk Site 43/4  
     Molniya 3–48 MOM Molniya Communications 18 October 2007
    03:51    		 Successful
    28 October  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 28 October Successful
    28 October  UGM-133 Trident II  Submarine, Eastern Range  US Navy
    US Navy Suborbital Missile test 28 October Successful
    29 October
    03:30     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Aeronomy 29 October Successful

    November

    edit
    4 November
    17:08     		 Pegasus-XL  Stargazer, Wallops Island  Orbital Sciences
     HETE NASA Low Earth Astronomy 7 April 2002 Launch Failure
     SAC-B CONAE Low Earth Technology development
    Both payloads failed to separate from the launch vehicle and each other
    6 November
    13:06     		 LGM-118 Peacekeeper  Vandenberg LF-02  US Air Force
    US Air Force Suborbital Missile test 6 November Successful
    7 November
    17:00     		 Delta II 7925  Cape Canaveral LC-17A  Boeing IDS
     Mars Global Surveyor NASA Areocentric Mars orbiter In orbit Successful
    Contact lost on 2 November 2006 and mission declared complete on 10 January 2007 after numerous troubleshooting attempts to regain contact.
    9 November
    08:50     		 RT-2PM Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
    RVSN Suborbital Missile test 9 November Successful
    13 November
    18:30     		 Black Brant IX  White Sands LC-36  NASA
     SERTS-96 NASA Suborbital Solar observation 13 November Successful
    13 November
    22:40     		 Ariane 4 (44L)  Kourou ELA-2  Arianespace
     Arabsat 2B Arabsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
     Measat-2 Binariang Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    16 November
    20:48     		 Proton-K/D-2  Baikonur Site 200/39  VKS
     Mars 96 (Mars-8) VKS Intended: Areocentric
    Actual: Low Earth     		Mars orbiter 17 November Failure
    Upper stage failed to re-ignite for Earth orbit departure; re-entered the following day
    17 November
    13:30     		 Terrier-Orion  White Sands LC-36  NASA
    NASA Suborbital Test rocket 17 November Successful
    19 November
    19:55     		 Space Shuttle Columbia  Kennedy LC-39B  United Space Alliance
     STS-80 NASA Low Earth Microgravity research 7 December
    11:49    		 Successful
     ORFEUS-SPAS NASA Low Earth Ultraviolet astronomy
     Wake Shield Facility NASA Low Earth Materials research
     EDO Pallet NASA Low Earth (Columbia) Cryogenic mission extension pallet
    Crewed orbital flight with five astronauts; All EVAs cancelled due to airlock malfunction; Longest-duration Space Shuttle flight in history[2]
    Story Musgrave becomes the only American astronaut to fly on all five Space Shuttle orbiters[3]
    ORFEUS-SPAS deployed on 20 November and retrieved on 4 December; WSF deployed on 22 November and retrieved on 26 November
    19 November
    23:20     		 Soyuz-U  Baikonur Site 1/5  Roskosmos
     Progress M-33 Roskosmos Low Earth (Mir) Logistics 12 March 1997
    03:23    		 Partial Failure
    Failed to redock after free-flight in February–March 1997
    21 November
    20:47     		 Atlas IIA  Cape Canaveral LC-36A   International Launch Services
     Hot Bird 2 Eutelsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    24 November
    11:05     		 Skylark 7  Esrange Area S  DLR
     TEXUS 35 DASA Suborbital Microgravity research 24 November Successful
    29 November  RT-2PU Topol  Plesetsk Site 158  RVSN
    RVSN Suborbital Missile test 29 November Successful

    December

    edit
    4 December
    06:58     		 Delta II 7925  Cape Canaveral LC-17B  Boeing IDS
     Mars Pathfinder NASA Heliocentric Mars lander 4 July 1997
    16:57    		 Successful
     Sojourner NASA Heliocentric Mars rover
    First Mars rover; landing site: Ares Vallis
    Final contact with Sojourner received on 27 September 1997 and the mission was terminated on 10 March 1998
    11 December
    12:00     		 Tsyklon-2  Baikonur Site 90/20  
     Kosmos 2335 (EORSAT) MO RF Low Earth Reconnaissance 1 January 1999 Successful
    18 December
    01:57     		 Atlas IIA  Cape Canaveral LC-36B   International Launch Services
     Inmarsat 3F3 Inmarsat Geosynchronous Communications In orbit Operational
    20 December
    06:43     		 Kosmos-3M  Plesetsk Site 132/1  
     Kosmos 2336 (Parus) MO RF Low Earth Navigation In orbit Operational
    20 December
    18:04     		 Titan IVA (404)  Vandenberg SLC-4E  Lockheed Martin
     USA-129 (KH-12) NRO Low Earth Reconnaissance In orbit Operational
    NRO Launch 2
    24 December
    13:50     		 Soyuz-U  Plesetsk Site 43/4  Roskosmos
     Bion 11 Roskosmos Low Earth Biological research 7 January 1997 Successful
    28 December  DF-21  Taiyuan  
    Suborbital Missile test 28 December Successful
  • Feb
  • Mar
  • Apr
  • May
  • Jun
  • Jul
  • Aug
  • Sep
  • Oct
  • Nov
  • Dec →

    • Deep-space rendezvous

    edit
    Date (GMT) Spacecraft Event Remarks
    27 June Galileo 1st flyby of Ganymede
    6 September Galileo 2nd flyby of Ganymede
    4 November Galileo 1st flyby of Callisto
    19 December Galileo 1st flyby of Europa

    EVAs

    edit
    Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
    15 January
    05:35     		6 hours
    9 minutes     		11:44 STS-72
    Endeavour     		 Leroy Chiao
     Daniel T. Barry     		Practiced construction techniques for the upcoming International Space Station. The activities included installing a cable tray, hooking up cables and fluid lines, handling small screws and bolts in the screw, and grappling large objects at the end of the robotic arm.[4]
    17 January
    05:40     		6 hours
    54 minutes     		12:34 STS-72
    Endeavour     		 Leroy Chiao
     Winston E. Scott     		Continued testing of construction techniques with utility boxes, slidewires and a portable work stanchion attached to the robotic arm. Scott also tested the heating capabilities of his spacesuit by riding the robotic arm into a cold night zone while Endeavour's payload bay was oriented toward space.[5]
    8 February
    14:03     		3 hours
    5 minutes     		17:08 Mir EO-20
    Kvant-2     		 Thomas Reiter
     Yuri Gidzenko     		Moved a YMK maneuvering unit from the Kvant-2 airlock and secured it on the module exterior. Then collected experiments deployed earlier on the ESEF. The team was unable to remove an antenna from Kristall when they were unable to loosen some bolts on the antenna.
    15 March
    01:04     		5 hours
    51 minutes     		06:55 Mir EO-21
    Kvant-2     		 Yury Onufriyenko
     Yury Usachov     		To improve access to the outside of the Kristall module, Onufriyenko and Usachev installed a second Strela boom on the Mir base block. Also prepared cables and connectors for the future installation of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array.
    27 March
    06:34     		6 hours
    2 minutes     		12:36 STS-76
    Mir Atlantis     		 Michael R. Clifford
     Linda M. Godwin     		Added four canisters of experiments, called the Mir Environmental Effects Payload (MEEP), to the outside of docking module. Also tested new tethers and foot restraints for future use on Mir and the upcoming ISS assembly. First Shuttle-Mir EVA and EVA performed from a Space Shuttle docked at a space station.
    20 May
    22:50     		6 hours
    20 minutes     		21 May
    04:10     		Mir EO-21
    Kvant-2     		 Yury Onufriyenko
     Yury Usachov     		Moved the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) from its stowage position on Kristal to a final location on Kvant-1, and prepared the array for complete deployment. Also released a balloon shaped like a large Pepsi can, and filmed it for a television commercial.
    24 May
    20:47     		6 hours
    43 minutes     		25 May
    02:30     		Mir EO-21
    Kvant-2     		 Yury Onufriyenko
     Yury Usachov     		Completed deployment of the Mir Cooperative Solar Array (MCSA) on the Kvant-1 module.
    30 May
    18:20     		4 hours
    20 minutes     		22:40 Mir EO-21
    Kvant-2     		 Yury Onufriyenko
     Yury Usachov     		Installed the German made Modular Optoelectronic Multispectral Scanner (MOMS) camera to the exterior of the Priroda module. Also installed a new handrail on the exterior of Kvant-2 to aid future spacewalks.
    6 June
    16:56     		3 hours
    34 minutes     		20:30 Mir EO-21
    Kvant-2     		 Yury Onufriyenko
     Yury Usachov     		Installed two American micrometeoroid detector experiments to the exterior of Kvant-2. Also replaced a cassette for the Komza experiment of the surface of Spektr.
    13 June
    12:45     		5 hours
    42 minutes     		18:27 Mir EO-21
    Kvant-2     		 Yury Onufriyenko
     Yury Usachov     		Installed the Rapana girder to the exterior of Kvant-1 in anticipation of mounting future experiments to the girder. Also manually deployed the Travers radar on the surface of Priroda.
    2 December
    15:54     		5 hours
    58 minutes     		21:52 Mir EO-22
    Kvant-2     		 Valery Korzun
     Aleksandr Kaleri     		Successfully connected electrical cables to the solar panels on surface installed on Kvant-1.[6]
    9 December
    13:50     		6 hours
    38 minutes     		20:28 Mir EO-22
    Kvant-2     		 Valery Korzun
     Aleksandr Kaleri     		Completed the construction of the Rapana truss structure and the installed the Kurs docking antenna. Also fixed an amateur radio antenna that had loosened.[7]

    References

    edit
    1. ^ Bergin, Chris (16 July 2008). "Sea Launch lofts EchoStar 11 – EchoStar 2 dies on orbit". NASASpaceflight.com. Archived from the original on 19 July 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2008.
  • ^ "CNN Student News One-Sheet: Space Shuttle Facts". CNN. 11 March 2008. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
  • ^ Story Musgrave 6-time Space Shuttle Astronaut simulates Space Flight | Hubble Space Telescope | Space Exploration | Space Story Archived 30 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  • ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-72 Day 5 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 7 March 2009.
  • ^ Dumoulin, Jim (2001). "STS-72 Day 7 Highlights". NASA Space Shuttle Launch Archive. NASA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2009. Retrieved 7 March 2009.
  • ^ van der Berg, Chris (3 December 1996). "MIRNEWS 3 DECEMBER 1996 (337)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 7 March 2009.
  • ^ van der Berg, Chris (10 December 1996). "MIRNEWS 10 DECEMBER 1996 (338)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
    • edit
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.[dead link]
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.[dead link]
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.[dead link]
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

    • Generic references:


      Spaceflight portal


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    Last edited on 22 June 2024, at 15:08  





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