626

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	6th century 7th century 8th century
Decades:	600s 610s 620s 630s 640s
Years:	623 624 625 626 627 628 629

626 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	626 DCXXVI
Ab urbe condita	1379
Armenian calendar	75 ԹՎ ՀԵ
Assyrian calendar	5376
Balinese saka calendar	547–548
Bengali calendar	33
Berber calendar	1576
Buddhist calendar	1170
Burmese calendar	−12
Byzantine calendar	6134–6135
Chinese calendar	乙酉年 (Wood Rooster) 3323 or 3116 — to — 丙戌年 (Fire Dog) 3324 or 3117
Coptic calendar	342–343
Discordian calendar	1792
Ethiopian calendar	618–619
Hebrew calendar	4386–4387
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	682–683
- Shaka Samvat	547–548
- Kali Yuga	3726–3727
Holocene calendar	10626
Iranian calendar	4–5
Islamic calendar	4–5
Japanese calendar	N/A
Javanese calendar	516–517
Julian calendar	626 DCXXVI
Korean calendar	2959
Minguo calendar	1286 before ROC 民前1286年
Nanakshahi calendar	−842
Seleucid era	937/938 AG
Thai solar calendar	1168–1169
Tibetan calendar	阴木鸡年 (female Wood-Rooster) 752 or 371 or −401 — to — 阳火狗年 (male Fire-Dog) 753 or 372 or −400

By place

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Byzantine Empire

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Siege of Constantinople: A horde of Avars, consisting of about 80,000 men (including large contingents of Slavs, Bulgars, and other "barbarians"), attack the walls of Constantinople. A small Persian army arrives on the Bosphorus, on the Asiatic side. The Theodosian Walls are stormed with the most up-to-date siege equipment, in the form of traction trebuchets. The Avars also have mobile armoured shelters (medieval 'sows') and siege towers; the latter are covered in hides for fire protection.^[1] The defense of the capital (12,000 well-trained Byzantine troops) is in the hands of Patriarch Sergius I and Bonus (magister militum).
July 31 – The Avars and Persian allies under Shahrbaraz launch an attack along the entire length of the Theodosian Walls (about 5.7 kilometres); the main effort is concentrated against the central section, particularly the low-lying mesoteichion. After a fierce infantry battle on the walls, the Byzantine army holds off many assaults on the city. Emperor Heraclius makes arrangements for a new army under his brother Theodore to operate against the Persians in western Anatolia, while he returns to his own army in Pontus.
August 7 – In the waters of the Golden Horn, the Persian fleet is destroyed while ferrying reinforcements. The Avars, having suffered terrible losses, running short of food and supplies, burn their siege engines. They abandon the siege and retreat to the Balkan Peninsula. The Byzantines achieve a decisive victory at Blachernae, under the protection of the Church of the Virgin Mary.
Byzantine–Persian War: Heraclius, his army reduced by campaigning to less than 30,000 men, is on the defensive in Pontus. Apparently he leaves a strong Byzantine garrisoninTrapezus, and withdraws north-eastward along the Black Sea into Colchis, where he halts the Persians by aggressive defensive-offensive operations along the Phasis River. By attracting the Persian army under Shahin Vahmanzadegan in Anatolia, he provides Theodore with the opportunity to defeat them. By the end of the summer he threatens the communication of the Persians at Chalcedon (modern Turkey).
Heraclius invites the Croats, a Slavic tribe living in Galicia, Silesia, and Bohemia, to settle in Illyricum. They are given the land between the Drava River and the Adriatic Sea for ridding of Avars. The Serbs are allowed to move from their homeland north of the Carpathians to a territory east of the Croats. Heraclius asks Pope Honorius I to send missionaries to both groups.
Winter – Heraclius makes an alliance with Tong Yabghu Qaghan, ruler (khagan) of the Western Turkic Khaganate, for a joint invasion of the Persian Empire the following spring. He promises his daughter Eudoxia Epiphania, age 15, in marriage to Tong Yabghu and sends her under escort with wondrous gifts.

Europe

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Arioald succeeds his brother-in-law Adaloald as king of the Lombards, and afterwards goes insane. Arioald has his wife locked up in a monastery, accusing her of plotting against him with Grasulf II, duke of Friuli (northern Italy).

Britain

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King Edwin of Northumbria defeats the West Saxons under Cynegils, who has tried to thwart the growing strength of Edwin by having him assassinated. Edwin obliges Cynegils to acknowledge Northumbria's supremacy.
April 19 – Eanflæd, daughter of Edwin of Northumbria, is born at a royal residence by the River Derwent. She is baptisedbyPaulinus, bishop of York.
Edwin of Northumbria invades the Isle of Man and then Anglesey. King Cadwallon is defeated in battle, and is besieged on Puffin Island.^[2]
Edinburgh (Scotland) is founded by Edwin of Northumbria (approximate date).
Penda becomes king of Mercia (approximate date).^[3]

Persia

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Summer – King Khosrau II plans an all-out effort against Constantinople. He returns to Anatolia with two armies of unknown size, presumably more than 50,000 men each. One of these (possibly commanded by Khosrau himself) is to contain Heraclius in Pontus; another under Shahin Vahmanzadegan is defeated by Theodore.

Asia

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July 2 – Li Shimin travels to the Tang capital Chang'an to bid farewell to his younger brother Li Yuanji, who has been given command of a Chinese expedition against the Eastern Turkic Khaganate. Hearing of a plot to murder him, he and a few supporters seize the northern entrance to the emperor's palace. Li Shimin ambushes and eliminates his rival brothers Li Yuanji and Li Jiancheng, in the Xuanwu Gate Incident.
September 4 – Emperor Gao Zu abdicates in favor of his son Li Shimin after an 8-year reign. He passes the throne to him (asEmperor Tai Zong).

Events

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Byzantine Empire

Europe

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Births

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References

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