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838

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Year 838 (DCCCXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

8th century

9th century

810s

830s

835

838

838 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar

838
DCCCXXXVIII

Ab urbe condita

1591

Armenian calendar

287
ԹՎ ՄՁԷ

Assyrian calendar

5588

Balinese saka calendar

759–760

Bengali calendar

245

Berber calendar

1788

Buddhist calendar

1382

Burmese calendar

200

Byzantine calendar

6346–6347

Chinese calendar

丁巳年 (Fire Snake)
3535 or 3328
— to —
戊午年 (Earth Horse)
3536 or 3329

Coptic calendar

554–555

Discordian calendar

2004

Ethiopian calendar

830–831

Hebrew calendar

4598–4599

Hindu calendars

- Vikram Samvat

894–895

- Shaka Samvat

759–760

3938–3939

Holocene calendar

10838

Iranian calendar

216–217

Islamic calendar

223–224

Japanese calendar

Jōwa5
(承和5年)

Javanese calendar

734–736

Julian calendar

838
DCCCXXXVIII

Korean calendar

3171

Minguo calendar

1074 before ROC
民前1074年

Nanakshahi calendar

−630

1149/1150 AG

Thai solar calendar

1380–1381

Tibetan calendar

阴火蛇年
(female Fire-Snake)
964 or 583 or −189
— to —
阳土马年
(male Earth-Horse)
965 or 584 or −188

Map of the Byzantine–Arab War (837–838)

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

July 22 – Battle of Anzen: Caliph al-Mu'tasim launches a major punitive expedition against the Byzantine Empire, targeting the two major Byzantine fortress cities of central Anatolia (Ancyra and Amorium). He mobilises a vast army (80,000 men) at Tarsus, which is divided into two main forces. The northern force, under commander al-Afshin, invades the Armeniac Theme from the region of Melitene, joining up with the forces of the city's emir, Umar al-Aqta. The southern, main force, under al-Mu'tasim, passes the Cilician Gates into Cappadocia. Emperor Theophilos attacks the Abbasids, inflicting 3,000 casualties, but is heavily defeated by a counter-attack of 10,000 Turkish mounted archers. Theophilos and his guard are encircled, and barely manage to break through and escape.^[1]^[2]^[3]
August – Siege of Amorium: The Abbasids besiege the Byzantine fortress city of Amorium, which is protected by 44 towers, according to the contemporary geographer Ibn Khordadbeh. Both besiegers and besieged have many siege engines, and for several days both sides exchange missile fire. However, a Muslim prisoner defects to al-Mu'tasim, and informs him about a place in the wall which has been badly damaged by heavy rainfall. The Abbasids concentrate their hits on this section, and after two days manage to breach the city wall. After two weeks of repeated attacks, the Byzantine defenders surrender. The city is sacked and plundered, 70,000 inhabitants are slaughtered, and the survivors are sold as slaves.

Miniature from the Madrid Skylitzes depicting the Arab siege of Amorium in 838

Europe

December 13 – King Pepin I of Aquitaine dies after a 21-year reign. Emperor Louis the Pious appoints his youngest son Charles the Bald as his successor. The Aquitainian nobility, however, elects Pepin's son Pepin II as the new Frankish ruler.
The oldest known mention is made of the city of Rheine, on the Ems River (modern Germany).

British Isles

Battle of Hingston Down: Ecgberht, King of Wessex, leads his men to defeat a combined force of Cornish and Danish VikingsatHingston DowninCornwall.^[4]
King Fedelmid mac CrimthainnofMunster calls for a great royal meeting at Kildare (Cluain-Conaire-Tommain) between himself and King Niall CailleofUí Néill.^[5]
Approximate date – The Stone of Destiny, an oblong block of red sandstone, is placed at Scone Palace for the coronation of the first monarchs of Scotland.

Abbasid Caliphate

January – Babak Khorramdin, an Iranian military leader, is brutally executed by order of al-Mu'tasim.^[6]
A conspiracy is discovered, led by General Ujayf ibn Anbasa, to assassinate al-Mu'tasim while he is campaigning, and place his nephew Al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun on the throne. A widespread purge of the army follows, which cements the leading role of the Turkish slave-soldiers (ghilman) in the Abbasid military establishment. Ujayf is executed and Al-Abbas put in prison, where he dies.
The Yazidis rise up against the Abbasids (approximate date).^[7]

By topic

Religion

Possible conversion of some KhazarstoJudaism (approximate date).

Births

Æthelswith, Anglo-Saxon princess and queen consort (approximate date)
Fujiwara no Takafuji, Japanese nobleman (d. 900)
Ubaydallah ibn Abdallah, Muslim governor (approximate date)

Deaths

January – Babak Khorramdin, Iranian leader of the Khurramite uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate, executed
May 4 ? – Willerich, bishop of Bremen
June 10 – Ziyadat Allah I of Ifriqiya, Muslim emir
November 6 – Li Yong, prince of the Tang dynasty
December 13 – Pepin I of Aquitaine, king of Aquitaine (b. 797)
Al-Abbas ibn al-Ma'mun, Muslim prince and general
Boniface II, margrave of Tuscany (approximate date)
Bran mac Fáeláin, king of Leinster (Ireland)
Eadhun, bishop of Winchester
Frederick of Utrecht, Frisian bishop (approximate date)
Ralpacan, king of Tibet, murdered (approximate date)
Ratimir, duke of Lower Pannonia
Ujayf ibn Anbasa, Muslim general, executed

References

^ Treadgold 1997, p. 441.

^ Haldon 2001, p. 80.

^ Kiapidou 2003, Chapter 1.

^ Charles-Edwards, pp. 428–31; Padel, "Cornwall", Davies, p. 342; Stenton, p. 235.

^ Annals of Inisfallen, 838. Seán Mac Airt, The Annals of Innisfallen Dublin: 1951 available at UCC Celt Website.

^ The Golden Age of Islam by Maurice Lombard, p. 152. ISBN 1-55876-322-8.

^ M. Th. Houtsma, 1993, E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936: Volume 4 - p. 1136, Brill.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=838&oldid=1229280656" Last edited on 15 June 2024, at 22:37

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