Biofabrication is a branch of biotechnology specialising in the research and developmentofbiologically engineered processes for the automated production of biologically functional products through bioprinting or bioassembly and subsequent tissue maturation processes;[1] as well as techniques such as directed assembly, which employs localised external stimuli guide the fabrification process; enzymatic assembly, which utilises selective biocatalysts to build macromolecular structures; and self-assembly, in which the biological material guides its own assembly according to its internal information.[2] These processes may facilitate fabrication at the micro- and nanoscales.[2] Biofabricated products are constructed and structurally organised with a range of biological materials including bioactive molecules, biomaterials, living cells, cell aggregates such as micro-tissues and micro-organs on chips, and hybrid cell-material constructs.[1]
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