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|topic= will aid in categorization.Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at [[:ru:Русский лингвистический алфавит]]; see its history for attribution. {{Translated|ru|Русский лингвистический алфавит}} to the talk page. |
There are several conventions for phonetic transcription using the Cyrillic script, typically augmented with Latin and Greek to fill in missing sounds. The details vary by author, and depend on which letters are available for the language of the text. For instance, in a work written in Ukrainian, ⟨г⟩ may be used for [ɣ] (the voiced equivalent of ⟨х⟩), whereas in Russian texts, ⟨г⟩ is used for [ɡ]. This article follows common Russian usage.
Authors differ, for example, in whether they transcribe the voiced fricatives with the South Slavic letters ⟨ѕ⟩ and ⟨џ⟩, with the ligatures ⟨ꚉ⟩ and ⟨ԫ⟩ (which are common in monolingual dictionaries), or as simple digraphs ⟨д͡з⟩ and ⟨д͡ж⟩. Latin w, l, k and h are commonly used for IPA [β ɫ q h], though q is also used with its IPA value instead of k. Greek φ and γ are commonly used for IPA [ɸ ɣ].
Parentheses mark alternative symbols.
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Close | и | ү (ӱ) | ы | ы̅ | у | |
і (ӭ) | ь | |||||
Mid | э (е) | ө (ӧ) | ə | ъ | о | |
ӓ (ӕ) | ʌ | |||||
Open | а | α |
⟨Ѣ⟩ (or е̌) may be used for [и͡е] and ⟨Ѡ⟩ (or о̌) for [у͡о].
⟨ы̅⟩ here is a hack: the top line should connect the two parts of the letter together.
Labial | Labio- dental |
Denti- Alveolar |
Post- alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | м | н | њ | ҥ (ŋ) | ||||||||||||
Plosive | п | б | т | д | к | г | k (q) | ґ | ||||||||
Affricate | ц | ѕ (ꚉ) | ч | џ (ԫ) | ћ | ђ | ||||||||||
Fricative | φ (f) | w | ф | в | с | з | ш | ж | χ | j | х | γ | ҳ | ҕ | һ | |
Lateral | л | љ | l | |||||||||||||
Rhotic | р | ρ | ||||||||||||||
Semivowel | ў | й (j) |