Francis Pym

Pym was born at Penpergwm Lodge, near AbergavennyinMonmouthshire.^[1] His father, Leslie Pym, was also an MP, while his grandfather, the Rt Revd Walter Pym, was Bishop of Bombay. He was not a direct descendant of the 17th-century parliamentarian John Pym as has been commonly held (see Pym's own published family history), but a collateral descendant.^[2]

He was educated at Eton, before going on to Magdalene College, Cambridge. For much of the Second World War, Pym served in North Africa and Italy as a captain and regimental adjutant in the 9th Lancers. He was mentioned in despatches twice, awarded the Military Cross,^[3] and ended his military service as a major. Pym was a managing director and landowner before he went into politics.^{[citation needed]}

Pym entered politics as a member of Herefordshire County Council in 1958.^[4] He contested Rhondda West without success in 1959 and entered Parliament in 1961 at a by-election as MP for Cambridgeshire. He held the seat until 1983, and thereafter was MP for South East Cambridgeshire until 1987. He was an opposition whip from 1964 and served under Edward HeathasGovernment Chief Whip (1970–1973) and Northern Ireland Secretary (1973–1974), and Margaret ThatcherasDefence Secretary (1979–1981), Leader of the House of Commons and Lord President of the Council (1981–1982). He became foreign secretary during the Falklands War in 1982 following Lord Carrington's resignation, but was removed by Thatcher the following year after her second election victory.

Pym was a leading member of the "wets", Conservative MPs sceptical of Thatcherism. During the 1983 general election campaign he said on the BBC's Question Time that "Landslides don't on the whole produce successful governments".^[5] This was publicly repudiated by Thatcher and he was sacked after the election. Shortly afterwards, he launched a pressure group called Conservative Centre Forward to argue for more centrist, one-nation policies but with Thatcher at the height of her powers, it was unsuccessful. He stood down at the 1987 election and was created a life peerasBaron Pym (ofSandy in the County of Bedfordshire) on 9 October 1987.^[6]

He was the author of The Politics of Consent, published in 1984 after he left the government. The book is a guide to the Wets' opposition to Thatcher's leadership style and politics.^{[citation needed]}

He was portrayed by Jeremy Child in the 2002 BBC production of Ian Curteis's The Falklands Play, by Julian Wadham in the 2011 film The Iron Lady and by Guy Siner in the fourth seriesofThe Crown.

Pym died in Sandy, Bedfordshire, on 7 March 2008 after a prolonged illness, aged 86.^[7] He was survived by his wife, Valerie (1929–2017),^[8] whom he married on 25 June 1949,^[9] and their four children.^[2]

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Francis Pym
• Portraits of Francis Pym at the National Portrait Gallery, London  
• Obituary, The Guardian, 7 March 2008
• Obituary, The Times, 8 March 2008
• Obituary, The Independent, 8 March 2008
• Obituary, The Daily Telegraph, 8 March 2008