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Harb ibn Umayya





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Ḥarb ibn Umayya ibn ʿAbd Shams (Arabic: حرب بن أمية بن عبد شمس) was the father of Abu Sufyan and Arwa and the son of Umayya ibn Abd Shams.[1] Harb is credited in the Islamic tradition as the first among the Quraysh to write in Arabic and the first to stop consuming wine.[2]

Harb ibn Umayya
حرب بن أمية
Born

Ḥarb ibn Umayya ibn Abd Shams


Died
Unknown
Known forbeing the qāʾid of the Meccans
SpouseSafiyya bint Hazn
Children
  • Umm Jamil
  • ParentUmayya ibn Abd Shams (father)
    Military career
    Battles/wars

    War leader

    edit

    Harb was one of the top leaders of the QurayshofMecca, belonging to one of its clans, the Banu Abd Shams. The Islamic tradition presents him as the successor of his companion, Abd al-Muttalib of the Banu Hashim, as the war leader of the Quraysh. He led the Abd Shams or the Quraysh in general during the Fijar War against the nomadic tribes of the Hawazin. After his death, war leadership returned to the Banu Hashim.[3]

    According to the editors of the Encyclopedia of Islam, stories of Harb's rivalry and contest of merits with Abd al-Muttalib are "no doubt a projection backwards of the later conflict between the houses of Umayya [branch of the Abd Shams] and Hashim" in the 7th–8th centuries.[2] According to the historian Mahmood Ibrahim, the rivalry between Harb and Abd al-Muttalib stemmed from the increasing commercial power of the Banu Umayya at the expense of other Qurayshite clans, including the Banu Hashim.[4][5]

    Family tree

    edit
    Quraysh tribe
    Waqida bint AmrAbd Manaf ibn QusaiĀtikah bint Murrah
    Nawfal ibn Abd Manaf‘Abd ShamsBarraHalaMuṭṭalib ibn Abd ManafHashimSalma bint Amr
    Umayya ibn Abd ShamsʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib
    HarbAbū al-ʿĀsʿĀminahʿAbdallāhHamzaAbī ṬālibAz-Zubayral-ʿAbbās Abū Lahab
    ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harbal-ḤakamʿUthmānʿAffānMUHAMMAD
    (Family tree)
    Khadija bint KhuwaylidʿAlī
    (Family tree)
    Khawlah bint Ja'farʿAbd Allāh
    Muʿāwiyah IMarwān IʿUthmān ibn ʿAffānRuqayyahFatimahMuhammad ibn al-HanafiyyahʿAli ibn ʿAbdallāh
    SufyanidsMarwanids al-Ḥasanal-Ḥusayn
    (Family tree)
    Abu Hashim
    (Imām of al-Mukhtār and Hashimiyya)
    Muhammad
    "al-Imām"

    (Abbasids)
    Ibrāhim "al-Imām"al-Saffāḥal-Mansur

    References

    edit
    1. ^ "Muslim Congress - Muharram". Archived from the original on 2008-02-24. Retrieved 2018-03-13.
  • ^ a b Editors 1971, p. 203.
  • ^ Editors 1971.
  • ^ Ibrahim 2011.
  • ^ Ibrahim 1982, pp. 343–358.
  • Bibliography

    edit

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harb_ibn_Umayya&oldid=1208729009"
     



    Last edited on 18 February 2024, at 17:48  





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    This page was last edited on 18 February 2024, at 17:48 (UTC).

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