International Organization of Masters, Mates & Pilots

MM&P's historical roots lie in the frustration felt by steamship pilots who were criminalized for marine accidents but had no voice in policy.^[1] They organized in New York in 1887, forming the first local of the American Brotherhood of Steamship Pilots.^[1] As more locals were founded, shipmasters expressed interest in joining.^[1] As a result, in 1891, the fledgling union changed its name to the American Association of Masters and Pilots of Steam Vessels.^[1]

In 1900, it expanded once again to include all deck officers, and changed its name to the American Association of Masters, Mates, and Pilots of Steam Vessels.^[1]

On January 9, 1919 MM&P Local, Harbor No. 1^[2] participated in the 1919 New York City Harbor Strike, as one of six unions that made up the Marine Workers Affiliation of the Port of New York, shutting down the port for weeks.^[3][4][5]

MM&P was active in the 1934 West Coast waterfront strike, joining in along with the Marine Engineers' Beneficial Association (MEBA) on 19 May 1934.^[6] Together, in 1937 the two unions became part of the Maritime Federation of the Pacific (MFP).^[6] The alliance, however, was short-lived. In July 1938, MM&P withdrew from the MFP, along with the Sailors' Union of the Pacific and the Marine Firemen, Oilers, Watertenders, and Wipers of the Pacific Coast Union.

In 1954, the union added Canadian locals, and changed its name to the International Organization of Masters, Mates & Pilots.^[6]

In 1971, by becoming an affiliate of the International Longshoremen's Association, MM&P was able to distance itself from the fight between the American Federation of Labor's (AFL) Seafarers International Union on one side and the Congress of Industrial Organizations's (CIO) National Maritime Union (NMU) on the other.^[6] The link has sometimes been tenuous: some 17 years later, when NMU joined MEBA, MM&P very nearly followed suit.^[6]

In 2017, members of the union approved MM&P's affiliation with the Panamanian Union of Captains and Deck Officers (Union de Capitanes y Oficiales de Cubierta-UCOC). UCOC is the exclusive representative for the bargaining unit covering all licensed deck officers of the tugboat fleet, dredges and related vessels operated by the Panama Canal Authority.

In 2020, Masters, Mates & Pilots separated from the ILA and once again became an affiliate of the AFL-CIO.

In 2021, members of Masters, Mates & Pilots approved MM&P's affiliation with the Mexican merchant marine union, Orden Mexicana de Profesionales Marítimos y Portuarios, Similares y Conexos (Orden Maritima).

• American Maritime Officers
• National Maritime Union
• Marine Engineers' Beneficial Association
• International Ship Masters' Association
• Sailors' Union of the Pacific
• United States Merchant Marine

• De La Pedraja Tomán, René (1994). A Historical Dictionary of the U. S. Merchant Marine and Shipping Industry: Since the Introduction of Steam. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 768. ISBN 0-313-27225-5.

• International Organization of Masters, Mates, and Pilots, Local 6 (Seattle, Wash.) Records, 1964-1966 At the Labor Archives of Washington State, University of Washington Libraries Special Collections.
• Guide to the Vernon R. Stedman Papers. 1933-1972. 1.21 cubic feet (2 boxes).