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Jhang (Punjabi and Urdu: جھنگ; Punjabi pronunciation: [ˈt͡ʃə̀ŋ.gᵊ]; Urdu pronunciation: [d͡ʒʱəŋɡ]) is the capital city of Jhang District in central Punjab, Pakistan. Situated on the east bank of the Chenab river, it is the 18th most populous city of Pakistan.[2]
Jhang
جھنگ
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|---|---|
Clockwise from top:
Shrine of Sultan Bahoo; Shrine of Heer and Ranjha; Chenab College; Trimmu Barrage and Chenab Bridge
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  Jhang Location of Jhang in Pakistan Show map of Punjab, Pakistan Jhang Jhang (Pakistan) Show map of Pakistan | |
| Coordinates: 31°16′10″N 72°18′58″E / 31.26944°N 72.31611°E / 31.26944; 72.31611 | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Province | Punjab |
| Division | Faisalabad |
| District | Jhang |
| Area | |
| • Total | 28.27 km2 (10.92 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 414,131 |
| • Rank | 16th, Pakistan |
| • Density | 15,000/km2 (38,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| Postal code |
35200
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| Calling code | 047 |
The historical name of the city and district is Jhang Sial.[3] The word Jhang is derived from the Sanskrit word jāṅgala which means rough or forested terrain; the word Jungle also shares the same root. Jhang Sial was the historic name of the city, literally meaning the "terrain of the Sials".[3][4][5][6]
The city of Jhang was built in 1288 by Rai Sial, a chief of the Sial tribe.[4][6][3] The Sial tribe, his kin, ruled over this region ever since then until the last Sial ruler of Jhang, Ahmad Khan (1812 to 1822) was defeated by Ranjit Singh after a fierce fighting.[3][7]
Under the collective rule of the Sial Khans of Jhang and other Sial sub-tribes such as the Rajbana and Bharwana, in the zenith of their power, the Sial country of Jhang extended up to the Muzafargarh boundary in the south, and the entirety of Chiniot, Kamalia and Kabirwala ilakas. The territory extended to parts of Bhakkar and Sargodha. The Garh Mahraja and Ahmadpur Sial ilakas were added to the possessions of the Rajbana Sial tribe who drove out the Baloch tribes to the Thal and defeated the Nawab of Multan by the mid 17th century.[3][5]
Under the British Raj, the towns of Jhang and Mighiana, lying two miles (3.2 km) apart, became a joint municipality, then known as Jhang-Maghiana.[8]
Jhang Sadr is located at 31.27 latitude and 72.33 longitude and is situated at an elevation of 158 meters above sea level.
Jhang is situated at the East bank of Chenab which has confluence with JhelumatTrimmu Barrage near the town of Athara Hazari. The city was endangered in the 2014 floods but it was not flooded as the flood water was redirected towards Athara Hazari.[9] there are three river in jhang such as chenab river jhelum river and river ravi is also touch with the boundary of District Jhang near Ahmadpur Sial. Maghiana lies on the edge of the highlands, overlooking the alluvial valley of the Chenab, while the older town of Jhang occupies the lowlands at its foot.[8]
The population of city in 1998 Census of Pakistan was recorded as 293,366. According to the 2017 Census of Pakistan, the population of city rose to 414,131 with a growth of 41.17% in 19 years.[1]
| Religious group |
1868[11] | 1881[12][13][14] | 1891[15]: 68 [16] | 1901[17]: 44 [18]: 26 | 1911[19]: 23 [20]: 19 | 1921[21]: 25 [22]: 21 | 1931[23]: 26 | 1941[10]: 32 | 2017[24] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | |
Hinduism  [b]
|
9,760 | 49.67% | 10,187 | 47.1% | 11,355 | 48.75% | 12,189 | 49.99% | 12,395 | 47.83% | 14,389 | 47.74% | 16,724 | 46.41% | 23,286 | 46.52% | 36 | 0.01% |
Islam 
|
8,942 | 45.51% | 10,941 | 50.58% | 11,334 | 48.66% | 11,684 | 47.92% | 12,707 | 49.04% | 14,760 | 48.97% | 18,042 | 50.07% | 24,506 | 48.96% | 427,008 | 99.43% |
Sikhism 
|
435 | 2.21% | 495 | 2.29% | 573 | 2.46% | 484 | 1.99% | 796 | 3.07% | 970 | 3.22% | 1,243 | 3.45% | 2,215 | 4.43% | — | — |
Christianity 
|
12 | 0.06% | — | — | 28 | 0.12% | 25 | 0.1% | 12 | 0.05% | 13 | 0.04% | 26 | 0.07% | 39 | 0.08% | 1,836 | 0.43% |
Jainism 
|
— | — | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 4 | 0.02% | 7 | 0.02% | 0 | 0% | 5 | 0.01% | — | — |
Zoroastrianism 
|
— | — | — | — | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | — | — | — | — |
Judaism 
|
— | — | — | — | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | — | — | — | — |
Buddhism 
|
0 | 0% | — | — | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | — | — | — | — |
Ahmadiyya 
|
— | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 561 | 0.13% |
| Others | 500 | 2.54% | 6 | 0.03% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% |
| Total population | 19,649 | 100% | 21,629 | 100% | 23,290 | 100% | 24,382 | 100% | 25,914 | 100% | 30,139 | 100% | 36,035 | 100% | 50,051 | 100% | 429,441 | 100% |
Jhang Saddar is the administrative center of Jhang Tehsil (a subdivision of the district). The tehsil itself is divided into 55 Union councils.[25]
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Jhang has one sister city:
