Jishou (Chinese: 吉首; pinyin: Jíshǒu; Tujia: Jiersouv) is a county-level city and the seat of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan province, China.
Jishou
吉首市 · Jiersouv
Kishow
| |
|---|---|
Location of Jishou City within Xiangxi
| |
  Jishou Location in Hunan | |
| Coordinates: 28°16′34″N 109°42′43″E / 28.276°N 109.712°E / 28.276; 109.712[1] | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Hunan |
| Autonomous prefecture | Xiangxi |
| Municipal seat | Qianzhou Subdistrict |
| Area | |
| • County-level city | 1,062.46 km2 (410.22 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 48.00 km2 (18.53 sq mi) |
| Population
(2020 census)[4]
| |
| • County-level city | 408,812 |
| • Estimate
(2017)
| 386,000 |
| • Density | 380/km2 (1,000/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 291,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code |
4160XX
|
| Website | www |
Located on the west of the province, the city is bordered to the northwest by Huayuan and Baojing Counties, to the northeast by Guzhang County, to the southeast by Luxi County, to the southwest by Fenghuang County. Jishou City covers 1,078.33 km2 (416.35 sq mi), as of 2015, It had a registered population of 301,000 and a resident population of 286,400.[5]
Jishou has a history of more than 2,000 years dating back to the Qin dynasty. In those days, it was affiliated with Qianzhong Prefecture (黔中郡). During the Song dynasty, a town government was established in a stockaded village, Zhenxi (镇溪寨; 鎮溪寨), which in the Ming dynasty became the Zhenxi soldiers and civilians battalion (镇溪军民千户所; 鎮溪軍民千戶所). Qianzhou Prefecture (乾州厅) was created during the Qing dynasty. During the Republic of China era it was known as Qian County (乾县; 乾縣) In 1953 the area was renamed Jishou county, with two adjacent cities, Jishou and Qianzhou. In 1982 Jishou city became the capital of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. The city of Qianzhou (乾城) now lies just south of Jishou city.[6]
Jishou has 6 subdistricts, 5 towns and 1 township under its jurisdiction,[7] the seat of the city is Qianzhou Subdistrict.
Jishou lies east of the Wuling Mountain range. About 80% of the city's terrain is low hills or low mountains. The highest elevation is 964.5 meters, at Liantaifeng (莲台峰; 蓮台峰, near the town of Aizhai (矮寨) and the lowest point is 142 meters, near the town of Hexi (simplified Chinese: 河溪镇; traditional Chinese: 河溪鎮).[8] The Dong River (峒河), a tributary of the Yuan River, runs west to east through the city.
| Climate data for Jishou (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 23.0 (73.4) |
29.5 (85.1) |
32.5 (90.5) |
35.5 (95.9) |
36.2 (97.2) |
37.5 (99.5) |
39.6 (103.3) |
39.5 (103.1) |
38.2 (100.8) |
35.1 (95.2) |
32.4 (90.3) |
23.9 (75.0) |
39.6 (103.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) |
11.7 (53.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
22.5 (72.5) |
26.5 (79.7) |
29.5 (85.1) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.7 (90.9) |
28.7 (83.7) |
22.6 (72.7) |
17.4 (63.3) |
11.7 (53.1) |
21.8 (71.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.5 (41.9) |
7.7 (45.9) |
11.7 (53.1) |
17.2 (63.0) |
21.4 (70.5) |
24.9 (76.8) |
27.6 (81.7) |
27.3 (81.1) |
23.4 (74.1) |
17.8 (64.0) |
12.6 (54.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
17.1 (62.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.1 (37.6) |
4.9 (40.8) |
8.5 (47.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
17.9 (64.2) |
21.7 (71.1) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
20 (68) |
14.8 (58.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
4.8 (40.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.1 (24.6) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
3.1 (37.6) |
8.1 (46.6) |
13.0 (55.4) |
16.9 (62.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
12.5 (54.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 50.2 (1.98) |
53.6 (2.11) |
82.9 (3.26) |
134.8 (5.31) |
210.3 (8.28) |
240.8 (9.48) |
240.6 (9.47) |
132.6 (5.22) |
99.5 (3.92) |
100.6 (3.96) |
68.1 (2.68) |
33.5 (1.32) |
1,447.5 (56.99) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.8 | 12.8 | 15.7 | 16.3 | 17.2 | 15.6 | 13.2 | 11.0 | 9.5 | 12.8 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 157.8 |
| Average snowy days | 4.7 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.9 | 10 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 81 | 83 | 81 | 79 | 78 | 81 | 80 | 77 | 80 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 42.7 | 47.4 | 63.6 | 90.3 | 111.5 | 108.5 | 177.3 | 190.6 | 135.2 | 97.1 | 83.6 | 63.5 | 1,211.3 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 13 | 15 | 17 | 23 | 27 | 26 | 42 | 47 | 37 | 28 | 26 | 20 | 27 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[9][10] | |||||||||||||
Jishou County had a population of 291,200 in the year 2008, including an agricultural population of 163,100, or 56% of the population. The urban population was 192,500. About 77.3% of the population belonged to the MiaoorTujia minorities, with 121,000 Miao and 101,200 Tujia. Members of China's predominant Han ethnic group comprise the rest of the population.[11]
Jishou has two institutions of higher education:
In 2001, the gross domestic product in Jishou was 19.45 billion yuan, with a revenue of 1.45 billion yuan. Jishou produces fruits, especially kiwis and oranges, vegetables, livestock and poultry, and tobacco.[12] Tourism is becoming an important industry, since the ancient city of Fenghuang, is about 30 minutes away and Dehang National Park is about 40 minutes away.
According to preliminary estimation, the gross domestic product in 2018 was CN¥16,762 million ($2,533 million), up by 10.1 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value added of the primary industry was CN¥716 million ($108 million), up by 3.5 percent, that of the secondary industry was CN¥4,841 million ($732 million), up by 11.8 percent and that of the tertiary industry was CN¥11,206 million ($1,693 million), up by 9.8 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 4.27 percent of the GDP; that of the secondary industry accounted for 28.88 percent; and that of the tertiary industry accounted for 66.85 percent. The GDP per capita in 2018 was CN¥44,849 ($6,777), up by 5.9 percent compared with the previous year.[13]
