The fountain of "Akhmad Kadyrov Alley"
Magas (Russian: Мага́с) is the capital townofIngushetia, Russia. It was founded in 1995 and replaced Nazran as the capital of the republic in 2002. Due to this distinction, Magas is the smallest capital of a federal subjectinRussia. In 2019, it had a population of 8,771 inhabitants, up from 5,841 in 2010 and 272 in 2002.
Magas
Магас
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From the top to bottom-right, View of Central Magas, The City at night, Tower of Concord, Kadyrov Alley, Entrance Sign | |
Flag 
Coat of arms | |
Location of Magas  | |
  Magas Location of Magas Show map of Russia Magas Magas (Republic of Ingushetia) Show map of Republic of Ingushetia | |
| Coordinates: 43°10′N 44°48′E / 43.167°N 44.800°E / 43.167; 44.800 | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Ingushetia[1] |
| Founded | 1995[2] |
| Town status since | 2000[2] |
| Government | |
| • Body | Town Council[3] |
| • Head | Zayt Ortskhanov (acting)[4] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 12.6261 km2 (4.8750 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 200 m (700 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 2,502 |
| • Estimate
(2018)[7]
| 8,771 (+250.6%) |
| • Density | 200/km2 (510/sq mi) |
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| • Subordinated to | town of republic significance of Magas[8] |
| • Capital of | Republic of Ingushetia[1] |
| • Capitalof | town of republic significance of Magas[8] |
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| • Urban okrug | Magas Urban Okrug[9] |
| • Capitalof | Magas Urban Okrug[9] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [10]) |
| Postal code(s)[11] |
386001
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| Dialing code(s) | +7 8734 |
| OKTMOID | 26701000001 |
| Website | www |
The Republic of Ingushetia came into existence in 1992, having been split from the Chechen–Ingush ASSR. Nazran, the largest of three towns of the new republic, was made a temporary capital.
In 1995, President Ruslan Aushev founded Magas just a few kilometers south of Nazran, naming it after the medieval city of Maghas.[citation needed] The new town was supposed to serve purely for administrative needs. Magas/Maghas is 28 miles from the frontline for parts of 1942–1943.
It replaced Nazran as capital of the Republic in 2002.
The name is given in Persian as MagasorMakas. The name Magas is a homonym of the Persian word magas, meaning "fly", and the medieval writers al-Mas'udi and Juvayni made plays on words about the city's name. The Chinese transcription Muzashan uses the characters for wood (mu, 木) and mountain (shan, 山), which John Latham-Sprinkle interprets as a possible reference to the city's location in rough terrain.
Magas is located in the western area of Ingushetia, at the borders with Prigorodny RaionofNorth Ossetia-Alania. It is surrounded by Nazranovsky Raion, and the nearest settlements are Ekazhevo, the city of Nazran, and Ali-Yurt. The town is also 30 km from the North Ossetian-Alanian capital city, Vladikavkaz.
Magas is the capital of the republic.[1] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the town of republic significance of Magas—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[8] As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Magas is incorporated as Magas Urban Okrug.[9]
Magas has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb) with warm summers and cold winters.
| Climate data for Magas | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) |
3.6 (38.5) |
8.3 (46.9) |
13.8 (56.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
22.8 (73.0) |
25.7 (78.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
8.3 (46.9) |
3.7 (38.7) |
14.0 (57.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
3.4 (38.1) |
9.0 (48.2) |
14.3 (57.7) |
18.5 (65.3) |
21.2 (70.2) |
21.3 (70.3) |
16.4 (61.5) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.9 (39.0) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
9.5 (49.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
3.8 (38.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
13.5 (56.3) |
16.2 (61.2) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.1 (53.8) |
6.3 (43.3) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
5.1 (41.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 35 (1.4) |
37 (1.5) |
62 (2.4) |
75 (3.0) |
102 (4.0) |
110 (4.3) |
77 (3.0) |
70 (2.8) |
67 (2.6) |
57 (2.2) |
42 (1.7) |
34 (1.3) |
768 (30.2) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 85 | 81 | 75 | 66 | 65 | 63 | 60 | 62 | 66 | 74 | 80 | 85 | 72 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 89.9 | 93.2 | 127.1 | 159 | 229.4 | 261 | 269.7 | 263.5 | 213 | 161.2 | 93 | 77.5 | 2,037.5 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 2.9 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 5.6 |
| Source: Climate data(1991-2021)[12] Weather2visit[13] | |||||||||||||
Magas' population, with a hundred inhabitants at the beginning, increased in early 2010s.[2][14]
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | 275 | 300 | 337 | 338 | 354 | 415 | 2,502 | 2,581 | 3,367 | 4,106 | 4,756 | 5,841 |
Magas Airport serves the town and the nearby city of Nazran, which is home to the nearest train station.
