This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this articlebyadding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Mechanical efficiency" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Inmechanical engineering, mechanical efficiency is a dimensionless ratio that measures the efficiency of a mechanismormachine in transforming the power input to the device to power output. A machine is a mechanical linkage in which force is applied at one point, and the force does work moving a load at another point. At any instant the power input to a machine is equal to the input force multiplied by the velocity of the input point, similarly the power output is equal to the force exerted on the load multiplied by the velocity of the load. The mechanical efficiency of a machine (often represented by the Greek letter eta 
Since a machine does not contain a source of energy, nor can it store energy, from conservation of energy the power output of a machine can never be greater than its input, so the efficiency can never be greater than 1.
All real machines lose energy to friction; the energy is dissipated as heat. Therefore, their power output is less than their power input
Therefore, the efficiency of all real machines is less than 1. A hypothetical machine without friction is called an ideal machine; such a machine would not have any energy losses, so its output power would equal its input power, and its efficiency would be 1 (100%).
For hydropower turbines the efficiency is referred to as hydraulic efficiency.[2][3]