Nh (digraph)

In some African languages, such as Gogo, nh is a voiceless /n̥/.

In the pre-1985 orthography of Guinea for its languages, nh represented a velar [ŋ], which is currently written ŋ.

In the Gwoyeu Romatzyh romanization of Mandarin Chinese, initial nh- indicates an even tone on a syllable beginning in [n], which is otherwise spelled n-.

Early romanizationsofJapanese, influenced by Portuguese orthography, sometimes used nh to represent a prepalatal. Today, this is usually written ny.

InVietnamese, nh represents a palatal [ɲ] word-initially. It was formerly considered a distinct letter, but is no longer. When this digraph occurs word-finally, its phonetic value varies between dialects:

• In the northern dialect, it represents a velar nasal (ŋ), just as ng does; however, its presence may alter the pronunciation of the preceding vowel. For example, banh is pronounced /baɪŋ/, as opposed to /baŋ/ (bang).
• In the southern dialect, it represents an alveolar nasal (n) and shortens the preceding vowel.

The Vietnamese alphabet inherited this digraph from the Portuguese orthography.

In the transcription of Australian Aboriginal languages, nh represents a dental [n̪]. Due to allophony, it may also represent a palatal [ɲ].

InPurépecha and Pipil, it is a velar nasal, [ŋ].

In the Cuoq OrthographyinAlgonquin, and in the Fiero OrthographyinOjibwe and Odaawaa, it indicates the vowel preceding it is nasalized. While in the Cuoq orthograph it is ⟨nh⟩ in all positions, in the Fiero orthography it is a final form; its non-final form is written as ⟨ny⟩.

InOccitan, nh represents a palatal [ɲ].

For n·h, see Interpunct § Occitan.

InPortuguese, nh represents a palatal [ɲ]. Due to allophony, it may represent the nasal palatal approximant [ȷ̃] in most Brazilian, Santomean and Angolan dialects. It is not considered a distinct letter. Portuguese borrowed this digraph from Occitan.^[1]

InGalician, there are two diverging norms which give nh differing values.

• According to the Real Academia Galega norm, nh represents a velar [ŋ], while ñ represents a palatal [ɲ].
• According to the reintegrationist norm, mh represents a velar nasal [ŋ], while nh represents a palatal [ɲ].

In neither norm is nh considered a distinct letter.^{[citation needed]}

InWelsh, nh is a voiceless alveolar nasal, /n̥/ (a⟨t⟩ under the nasal mutation).

• ny (digraph)
• Portuguese orthography

• Practical Orthography of African Languages