Odawara Domain (小田原藩, Odawara-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located primarily in western Sagami Province (modern-day Kanagawa Prefecture). It was centered on Odawara Castle in what is now the city of Odawara.
under Tokugawa shogunate Japan
1590–1871
Capital
• Type
Historical era
Edo period
• Established
1590
• Disestablished
1871
Today part of
part of Kanagawa Prefecture
Following the defeat of the Later Hōjō clan in the Battle of Odawara by the forces of Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1590, their vast territories in the Kantō region were assigned to Tokugawa Ieyasu. Ieyasu selected Edo to be the headquarters of his new domains, and assigned his close retainer, Ōkubo Tadayo to rebuild Odawara Castle and to rule as a daimyō over the strategically important post town, which guarded the approaches to Edo from the west via the Hakone Pass. Ōkubo Tadayo's territory included 147 villages in Ashigarakami and Ashigarashimo districts with total revenues of 40,000 koku. His son Tadachika served in the Tokugawa shogunate as a rōjū and had his revenues increased by 20,000 koku with additional territories in Musashi Province.
The domain then passed to Abe Masatsugu, former castellanofOtaki CastleinShimōsa Province. After a four-year tenure, he was transferred to Iwatsuki Domain in Musashi and was replaced at Odawara by Inaba Masakatsu, formerly of Masaoka DomaininShimotsuke Province. Masashige was the son of 3rd Tokugawa Shōgun Iemitsu's wet nurse Kasuga no Tsubone and played an important role in the Tokugawa administration. His two sons ruled Odawara after his death, before being transferred to Takada DomaininEchigo Province.
Odawara then reverted to the Ōkubo clan, when Ōkubo Tadatomo was transferred from Sakura DomaininKazusa Province. Tadatomo was the great-great-grandson of Ōkubo Tadayo, and the domain remained in the hands of his descendants until the Meiji Restoration.
In 1707, the Hōei eruption of Mount Fuji devastated much of the lands of the domain, and much of the original domain became tenryō under direct control of the shogunate, with Odawara Domain compensated by equivalent lands in other parts of Sagami, Musashi, Harima and Izu Provinces.
During the Bakumatsu period, the shogunate relied on troops from Odawara to maintain a guard on the increasing foreign presence in Izu Peninsula, particularly Shimoda and Heda.
After the Meiji Restoration, the final daimyō of Odawara, Ōkubo Tadayoshi surrendered his domain to the new Meiji government without resistance.
As with most domains in the han system, Odawara Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned kokudaka, based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields.[1][2] In the case of Odawara Domain, a substantial portion of its holdings was in western Japan.
After the abolition of the han system on August 29, 1871, the portion of Odawara Domain within western Sagami Province (Ashigarakami, Ashigarashimo and Yurugi Districts) together with 31 villages which had been former hatamoto territory in those same districts, became “Odawara Prefecture”, with Ōkubo Tadayoshi continuing as governor. However, on December 25, 1871 Odawara Prefecture and merged into the short-lived Ashigara Prefecture.
#
Name
Tenure
Courtesy title
Court Rank
Ōkubo clan (fudai) 1590-1614
1
Ōkubo Tadayo (大久保忠世)
1590–1594
unknown
unknown
45,000 koku
2
Ōkubo Tadachika (大久保忠隣)
1594–1614
Sagami-no-kami (相模守)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
65,000 koku
Abe clan (fudai) 1619-1623
1
Abe Masatsugu (阿部正次)
1619–1623
Bitchu-no-kami (備中守)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
50,000 koku
Inaba clan (fudai) 1632-1685
1
Inaba Masakatsu (稲葉正勝)
1632–1634
Tango-no-kami (丹後守)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
85,000 koku
2
Inaba Masanori (稲葉正則)
1634–1683
Mimasaka-no-kami (美濃守)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
85,000->102,000 koku
3
Inaba Masamichi (稲葉正往)
1683–1685
Tango-no-kami (丹後守); Jiju (侍従)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
102,000 koku
Ōkubo clan (fudai) 1686-1871
1
Ōkubo Tadatomo (大久保忠朝)
1686–1698
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守); Jiju (侍従)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
103,000->113,000 koku
2
Ōkubo Tadamasu (大久保忠増)
1698–1713
Ōkura-no-sho (大蔵少輔)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
113,000 koku
3
Ōkubo Tadamasa (大久保忠方)
1713–1732
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
113,000 koku
4
Ōkubo Tadaoki (大久保忠興)
1732–1763
Ōkura-no-sho (大蔵少輔)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
113,000 koku
5
Ōkubo Tadayoshi (大久保忠由)
1763–1769
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
113,000 koku
6
Ōkubo Tadaaki (大久保忠顕)
1769–1796
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
113,000 koku
7
Ōkubo Tadazane (大久保忠真)
1796–1837
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
113,000 koku
8
Ōkubo Tadanao (大久保忠愨)
1837–1859
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守)
Lower 4th (従四位下)
113,000 koku
9
Ōkubo Tadanori (大久保忠礼)
1859–1868
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
113,000 koku
10
Ōkubo Tadayoshi (大久保忠良)
1868–1871
Kaga-no-kami (加賀守)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
113,000 koku
Ogino-Yamanaka Domain was a subsidiary domain of Odawara Domain, established in 1783 when Ōkubo Norinobu, relocated his jin'ya from Matsunaga Domain in Suruga Province what is now Numazu, Shizuoka to Sagami Province in what is now part of Atsugi, Kanagawa. Matsunaga Domain had been created in 1698 for Ōkubo Norihiro, the younger son of Ōkubo Tadatomo. The domain had holdings scattered across Sagami, Suzuga and Izu provinces. During the Bakumatsu period, the domain was assigned to guard Kofu CastleinKai Province. In 1867, while most of the samurai were still in Kofu, anti-Tokugawa partisans burned the jin’ya of the domain to the ground. After the Meiji restoration, in 1871, with the abolition of the han system, the domain became Ogino-Yamanaka Prefecture, which was merged into Kanagawa Prefecture in 1876.
Name
Tenure
Courtesy title
Court Rank
1
Ōkubo Norinobu (大久保教翅)
1783–1796
Nakatsukasa-no-taifu (中務大輔)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
13,000 koku
2
Ōkubo Noritaka (大久保教孝)
1796–1845
Izumo-no-kami (出雲守)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
13,000 koku
3
Ōkubo Noriyoshi (大久保教義)
1845–1871
Nakatsukasa-no-taifu (中務大輔)
Lower 5th (従五位下)
13,000 koku