View from the Oravița–Anina mountain railway in 2010
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Oravița (Romanian pronunciation: [oˈravit͡sa]; Hungarian: Oravicabánya; German: Orawitz; Czech: Oravice; Serbo-Croatian: Oravica/Оравица) is a town in the Banat region of Romania, in Caraș-Severin County, with a population of 9,346 in 2021. Its theater is a fully functional scaled down version of the old BurgtheaterinVienna.
Oravița
| |
|---|---|
 | |
Coat of arms | |
Location in Caraș-Severin County
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  Oravița Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates: 45°2′25″N 21°41′7″E / 45.04028°N 21.68528°E / 45.04028; 21.68528 | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Caraș-Severin |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2024) | Dumitru Ursu[1] (PSD) |
| Area | 162.64 km2 (62.80 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 253 m (830 ft) |
| Population
(2021-12-01)[2]
| 9,346 |
| • Density | 57/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
| Postal code |
325600
|
| Vehicle reg. | CS |
| Website | www |
Six villages are administered by the town: Agadici (Agadics; Agaditsch), Brădișoru de Jos (until 1960 Maidan; Majdán), Broșteni (Brostyán), Ciclova Montană (Csiklóbánya; Montan-Tschiklowa), Marila (Marillavölgy; Marillathal) and Răchitova (Rakitova).
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1930 | 9,585 | — |
| 1948 | 6,974 | −27.2% |
| 1956 | 8,175 | +17.2% |
| 1966 | 9,912 | +21.2% |
| 1977 | 14,987 | +51.2% |
| 1992 | 15,293 | +2.0% |
| 2002 | 15,222 | −0.5% |
| 2011 | 10,225 | −32.8% |
| 2021 | 9,346 | −8.6% |
| Source: Census data | ||
The name of the town is derived from the Slavic word orah(ov), meaning "(of) walnut" with suffix -ița.[3]
The history of Agadici can be traced back to at least the 17th century, when records noted a population of "800 souls". Today, there are fewer than 200 people living in Agadici. Agadici is a word derived from Turkish: Aga meaning 'colonel' and dici meaning 'daughter'. Therefore, Agadici means "daughter of the colonel". The town was supposedly named after a colonel's daughter when the Ottoman Empire occupied the land that is now the Banat (see the Temeşvar Eyalet).
The second-oldest beer in what is now Romania was produced in Ciclova; it is first attested in a document of 1728. In the beginning, production was under the management and patronage of the local Catholic monastery. Known as "bere Ciclova" in later years, the firm went bankrupt in 1996.[4]
Oravița has a humid continental climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification).
| Climate data for Oravița | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 2.7 (36.9) |
4.7 (40.5) |
10.1 (50.2) |
15.9 (60.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.9 (78.6) |
26.1 (79.0) |
20.8 (69.4) |
15.4 (59.7) |
9.9 (49.8) |
4 (39) |
15.0 (58.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.6 (30.9) |
1 (34) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
15.9 (60.6) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.4 (70.5) |
21.5 (70.7) |
16.6 (61.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.3 (43.3) |
1 (34) |
10.9 (51.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.8 (25.2) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
1.1 (34.0) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.8 (51.4) |
14.3 (57.7) |
16.4 (61.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
7.5 (45.5) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
6.7 (44.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 66 (2.6) |
62 (2.4) |
68 (2.7) |
90 (3.5) |
93 (3.7) |
110 (4.3) |
92 (3.6) |
75 (3.0) |
79 (3.1) |
65 (2.6) |
63 (2.5) |
74 (2.9) |
937 (36.9) |
| Source: https://en.climate-data.org/europe/romania/caras-severin/oravita-15644/ | |||||||||||||
The rail line from Anina to Oravița was the first mountain railwayinHungary and today's Romania. Opened in 1863, it is still in use today for touristic purposes, and it is one of the most beautiful railways in Europe due to very picturesque landscapes, viaducts, and long tunnels.
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