Robert Wood (1717 – 9 September 1771) was an Irish-British traveller, classical scholar, civil servant and politician.
Robert Wood
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Wood by Allan Ramsay
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| Member of Parliament for Brackley | |
| In office 1762 – 9 September 1771 | |
| Preceded by | William Moreton |
| Succeeded by | Timothy Caswall |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1717 |
| Died | 9 September 1771(1771-09-09) (aged 53–54) |
| Resting place | London, England, United Kingdom |
| Spouse | Ann Skottowe |
| Children | Robert, 1 other son, and 1 daughter |
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He was the son of the Revd James Wood of Summerhill, County Meath and educated at Glasgow University (1732) and the Middle Temple (1736). His father was a patron of Hercules RowleyofSummerhill House.[1]
From 1750–1751, Wood travelled around the Levant with two wealthy young Oxford scholars James Dawkins and John Bouverie (who died of a fever early in their expedition) and an Italian draftsman Giovanni Battista Borra. Their primary goal was to explore the Troad and locate the key sites mentioned by Homer. Moving south into Syria, they then took careful measurements and drawings of the ancient Roman ruins of Palmyra and Baalbek. The results of these were published in 1753 and 1757 in both English and French editions and were among the first systematic publications of ancient buildings. Both works were of great influence on neoclassical architecture in Britain, Continental Europe and in the Americas. From 1753 to 1756, Wood was the tutor and travelling companion (orBear-leader as such men were known at the time) of the young Duke of Bridgewater, the richest peer in England, in making the Grand Tour.
In 1756, he was appointed Under Secretary to the Secretary of State for the Southern Department, who was initially Pitt the Elder. It was to Wood that Granville famously quoted an appropriate passage from Homer's Iliad as he signed the 13th Treaty of Paris on his deathbed in 1763 (Wood published an essay on Homer in 1765, which stated that true knowledge can come only after one has had an opportunity to evaluate one's own society in relation to others). In 1764, following the instructions of Secretary of State Halifax, Wood acted under a general warrant to seize the papers of John Wilkes, who subsequently won damages of £1000 from him for trespass.
In 1761, Wood was elected Member of Parliament for the Duke of Bridgewater's pocket borough of BrackleyinNorthamptonshire, which he continued to represent until his death. He was also Master of the RevelsinIreland, and at one point it was rumoured that he would be appointed Secretary to the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, but the Lord Lieutenant objected to Wood's "public and private character" as well as his "mean birth",[2] and the appointment was never made.
After his death on 9 September 1771, Wood was buried near his home in PutneyatPutney Old Burial Ground, in a white marble sarcophagus engraved with an epitaph written by Horace Walpole. He had married Ann, the daughter of Thomas Skottowe, with whom he had two sons and a daughter. One son, Robert, was also an MP.
| Parliament of Great Britain | ||
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| Preceded by | Member of Parliament for Brackley 1761–1771 With: Marshe Dickinson 1761–1765 Viscount Hinchingbrooke 1765–1768 William Egerton 1768–1771 |
Succeeded by |
| Court offices | ||
| Preceded by | Groom Porter 1764–1765 |
Succeeded by |