Slovakia was represented by 19 athletes at the 2010 European Athletics Championships held in Barcelona, Spain, from 27 July to 1 August 2010.
| Event | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
| 400 m | Peter Žňava | |
| 800 m | Jozef Pelikán Jozef Repčík |
Lucia Klocová |
| 100 m hurdles | Miriam Cupáková | |
| 20 km walk | Anton Kučmín Matej Tóth |
Zuzana Malíková |
| 50 km walk | Miloš Bátovský Dušan Majdán |
|
| High jump | Peter Horák | |
| Long jump | Renáta Medgyesová Jana Velďáková | |
| Triple jump | Dmitrij Vaľukevič | Dana Velďáková |
| Hammer throw | Libor Charfreitag Miloslav Konopka Marcel Lomnický |
|
| Javelin throw | Martin Benák |
| 2010 Barcelona | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
 Slovakia (SVK) |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |