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Aluminium, 13Al
Aluminium
Pronunciation
  • aluminum: /əˈlmənəm/ [1]
    (ə-LOO-mə-nəm)
  • Alternative nameAluminum (U.S., Canada)
    AppearanceSilvery gray metallic
    Standard atomic weight Ar°(Al)
    • 26.9815384±0.0000003[2]
  • 26.982±0.001 (abridged)[3]
  • Aluminium in the periodic table
    Hydrogen Helium
    Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
    Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
    Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
    Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
    Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
    Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
    B

    Al

    Ga
    magnesiumaluminiumsilicon
    Atomic number (Z)13
    Groupgroup 13 (boron group)
    Periodperiod 3
    Block  p-block
    Electron configuration[Ne] 3s2 3p1
    Electrons per shell2, 8, 3
    Physical properties
    Phase at STPsolid
    Melting point933.47 K ​(660.32 °C, ​1220.58 °F)
    Boiling point2743 K ​(2470 °C, ​4478 °F)
    Density (at 20° C)2.699 g/cm3[4]
    when liquid (at m.p.)2.375 g/cm3
    Heat of fusion10.71 kJ/mol
    Heat of vaporization284 kJ/mol
    Molar heat capacity24.20 J/(mol·K)
    Vapor pressure
    P (Pa) 1 10 100 k 10 k 100 k
    at T (K) 1482 1632 1817 2054 2364 2790
    Atomic properties
    Oxidation states−2, −1, 0,[5] +1,[6] +2,[7] +3 (an amphoteric oxide)
    ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.61
    Ionization energies
    • 1st: 577.5 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1816.7 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2744.8 kJ/mol
  • (more)
  • Atomic radiusempirical: 143 pm
    Covalent radius121±4 pm
    Van der Waals radius184 pm
    Color lines in a spectral range
    Spectral lines of aluminium
    Other properties
    Natural occurrenceprimordial
    Crystal structureface-centered cubic (fcc) (cF4)
    Lattice constant

    Face-centered cubic crystal structure for aluminium

    a = 404.93 pm (at 20 °C)[4]
    Thermal expansion22.87×10−6/K (at 20 °C)[4]
    Thermal conductivity237 W/(m⋅K)
    Electrical resistivity26.5 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
    Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[8]
    Molar magnetic susceptibility+16.5×10−6 cm3/mol
    Young's modulus70 GPa
    Shear modulus26 GPa
    Bulk modulus76 GPa
    Speed of sound thin rod(rolled) 5000 m/s (at r.t.)
    Poisson ratio0.35
    Mohs hardness2.75
    Vickers hardness160–350 MPa
    Brinell hardness160–550 MPa
    CAS Number7429-90-5
    History
    Namingfrom alumine, obsolete name for alumina
    PredictionAntoine Lavoisier (1782)
    DiscoveryHans Christian Ørsted (1824)
    Named byHumphry Davy (1812[a])
    Isotopes of aluminium
  • e
  • Main isotopes[9] Decay
    abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
    26Al trace 7.17×105 y β+84% 26Mg
    ε[10]16% 26Mg
    γ
    27Al 100% stable
     Category: Aluminium
  • talk
  • edit
  • | references
    Al · Aluminium
    Mg ←

    ibox Mg

    iso
    13
    Al [e]
    IB-Al [e]
    IBisos [e]
    → Si

    ibox Si

  • cat:Al-isotopes (27)
  •  Commons
  •  Wikidata:Q663
  •  Wiktionary
  • indexes by PT (page)
  • e
  • child table, as reused in {IB-Al}
  • e
  • h
  • Main isotopes of aluminium
    Main isotopes[9] Decay
    abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
    26Al trace 7.17×105 y β+84% 26Mg
    ε[10]16% 26Mg
    γ
    27Al 100% stable
    Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
    Name and identifiers
  • edit
  • Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
  • edit
  • Top image (caption, alt)
  • edit
  • Pronunciation
  • edit
  • Allotropes (overview)
  • edit
  • Group (overview)
  • edit
  • Period (overview)
  • edit
  • Block (overview)
  • edit
  • Natural occurrence
  • edit
  • Phase at STP
  • edit
  • Oxidation states
  • edit
  • Spectral lines image
  • edit
  • Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
  • edit
  • Isotopes
    Standard atomic weight
  • edit
  •   most stable isotope
  • edit
  • Wikidata
    Wikidata *
  • edit
  • * Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
    See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (45· (this table: )
    1. ^ Davy's 1812 written usage of the word aluminum was predated by other authors' usage of aluminium. However, Davy is often mentioned as the person who named the element; he was the first to coin a name for aluminium: he used alumium in 1808. Other authors did not accept that name, choosing aluminium instead. See below for more details.

    References

    1. ^ "aluminum". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  • ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Aluminium". CIAAW. 2017.
  • ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  • ^ a b c Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
  • ^ Unstable carbonyl of Al(0) has been detected in reaction of Al2(CH3)6 with carbon monoxide; see Sanchez, Ramiro; Arrington, Caleb; Arrington Jr., C. A. (December 1, 1989). "Reaction of trimethylaluminum with carbon monoxide in low-temperature matrixes". American Chemical Society. 111 (25): 9110-9111. doi:10.1021/ja00207a023. OSTI 6973516.
  • ^ Dohmeier, C.; Loos, D.; Schnöckel, H. (1996). "Aluminum(I) and Gallium(I) Compounds: Syntheses, Structures, and Reactions". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 35 (2): 129–149. doi:10.1002/anie.199601291.
  • ^ Tyte, D. C. (1964). "Red (B2Π–A2σ) Band System of Aluminium Monoxide". Nature. 202 (4930): 383. Bibcode:1964Natur.202..383T. doi:10.1038/202383a0. S2CID 4163250.
  • ^ Lide, D. R. (2000). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds" (PDF). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (81st ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0849304814.
  • ^ a b Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  • ^ a b Mougeot, X. (2019). "Towards high-precision calculation of electron capture decays". Applied Radiation and Isotopes. 154 (108884). doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108884.
  • One of these is a named reference. It may be cited in the containing article as

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    Numbered values make a list:

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    ionization energy 3

    Parameter list

    This parameter list: 
  • edit
  • See also: Infobox element/testcases-all-params demo.
    {{Infobox element
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    <!-- Atomic properties -->
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    <!-- Miscellanea -->
    |crystal structure=
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    <!-- Isotopes not here -->
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     }}
    
    {{Infobox element}}; labels & notes:
     
    (Image)
     
     
     
    GENERAL PROPERTIES
    Name
    Symbol
    Pronunciation (data central)
     
    Alternative name(s)
     
    Allotropes
    Appearance
    <element> IN THE PERIODIC TABLE
    Periodic table
     
     
     
    Atomic number
    Standard atomic weight (data central)
     
    Element category (also header bg color)
     
     
    (sets header bg color, over 'series='-color)
    Group
     
     
    Period
     
     
    Block
     
     
    Electron configuration
     
     
    Electrons per shell
     
     
    PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    (general note)
    Color
    Phase
     
     
    Melting point
     
     
     
     
    Boiling point
     
     
     
     
    Sublimation point
     
     
     
     
    Density [g/L at s.t.p.]
     
     
    Density [kg/m3 at s.t.p.]
     
     
    Density [g/cm3 near room temperature]
     
     
     [g/cm3 near r.t.], #2
     
     
     [g/cm3 near r.t.], #3
     
     
    Density (liquid, melting point) [g/cm3]
     
     
    Density (liquid, boiling point) [g/cm3]
     
     
    Molar volume
    Unit defaults to cm3/mol
     otherwise set unit prefix=d for dm3/mol (gases)
     
    Triple point
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Critical point
     
     
     
    Heat of fusion
     
     
     
     
     
    Heat of vaporization
     
     
    Molar heat capacity
     
     
     
     
     
    Vapor pressure
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Vapor pressure
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    ATOMIC PROPERTIES
    
    Electronegativity
     
     
    Ionization energy
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Atomic radius
     
     
     
     
     
    Covalent radius
     
     
    Van der Waals radius
     
     
    MISCELLANEA
    Crystal structure
     
     
     
    Crystal structure
     
     
     
    Speed of sound
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Thermal expansion
     
     
     
     
     
    Thermal conductivity
     
     
     
     
     
    Thermal diffusivity
     
     
    Electrical resistivity
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Band gap
     
     
    Curie point
     
     
    Magnetic ordering
     
     
    Tensile strength
     
     
    Young's modulus
     
     
    Shear modulus
     
     
    Bulk modulus
     
     
    Poisson ratio
     
     
    Mohs hardness
     
     
     
     
     
    Vickers hardness
     
     
    Brinell hardness
     
     
    CAS Number
     
     
    HISTORY
    Naming
    Prediction
     
    ()
    Discovery
     
    ()
    First isolation
     
    ()
    Discovery and first isolation (1 or 2 dates)
    Named by
     
    ()
     
    (History comment)
     
    (wp:engvar)
     

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  • e
  • Reused Main Isotopes table listed in Category:Infobox element isotopes templates (119).

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    Theoretical element
    Applied: when element is theoretical (E119 and higher).
    E119: Main isotopes of ununennium
    E121: Main isotopes of unbiunium
    Applied: E119, E120 do link, E121 and higher do not link.
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    E119: |theoretical isotopes comment=Experiments and theoretical calculations
    Applied: E119 and up: have no Isobox, so no isotopes lists is shown—at all. Instead, the parametertext is shown as present.
  • t
  • e
  • Element Content page Notes
    per E disc./
    theor.
    Page Name T: Infobox (E) Isotopes of (E) T: Isobox (E) Page set pattern
    (4 Jan 2023)
    note
     
    E118 (Og) disc. Article Oganesson,
    cat:E118 (3)
    {{IB oganesson}} Isotopes of oganesson,
    cat:Isotopes E118 (5)
    {{Isobox oganesson}} E118[Set 1] compare
    E119 (Uue) theor. Article Ununennium,
    cat:E119 (4)
    {{IB ununennium}} Isotopes of ununennium,
    cat:Isotopes E119 (1)
    {{Isobox E119}} E119[Set 2] period 8 start
    E120 (Ubn) theor. Article Unbinilium,
    cat:E120 (4)
    {{IB unbinilium}} Isotopes of unbinilium,
    cat:Isotopes E120 (1)
    {{Isobox E120}} E119[Set 2]
    E121 (Ubu) theor. Article Unbiunium,
    cat:E121 (3)
    {{IB unbiunium}} Isotopes of unbiuniumR,
    cat:Isotopes E121 (0)
    {{Isobox E121}} E121[Set 3]
    E122 (Ubb) theor. Article Unbibium,
    cat:E122 (3)
    {{IB unbibium}} Isotopes of unbibiumR,
    cat:Isotopes E122 (0)
    {{Isobox E122}} E121[Set 3]
    E123 (Ubt) theor. R UnbitriumR,
    cat:E123 (0)
    {{Infobox E123}} Isotopes of E123,
    cat:Isotopes E123 (0)
    {{Isobox E123}} E127[Set 4]
    E124 (Ubq) theor. Article Unbiquadium,
    cat:E124 (4)
    {{IB unbiquadium}} Isotopes of unbiquadiumR,
    cat:Isotopes E124 (0)
    {{Isobox E124}} E121[Set 3]
    E125 (Ubp) theor. R UnbipentiumR,
    cat:E125 (0)
    {{Infobox E125}} Isotopes of E125,
    cat:Isotopes E125 (0)
    {{Isobox E125}} E127[Set 4]
    E126 (Ubh) theor. Article Unbihexium,
    cat:E126 (3)
    {{IB unbihexium}} Isotopes of unbihexiumR,
    cat:Isotopes E126 (0)
    {{Isobox E126}} E121[Set 3]
    E127 (Ubs) theor. R UnbiseptiumR,
    cat:E127 (0)
    {{Infobox E127}} Isotopes of E127,
    cat:Isotopes E127 (0)
    {{Isobox E127}} E127[Set 4]
    E128 (Ubo) theor. R UnbioctiumR,
    cat:E128 (0)
    {{Infobox E128}} Isotopes of E128,
    cat:Isotopes E128 (0)
    {{Isobox E128}} E127[Set 4]
    E172 (Usb) theor. R UnseptbiumR,
    cat:E172 (0)
    {{Infobox E172}} Isotopes of E172,
    cat:Isotopes E172 (0)
    {{Isobox E172}} E127[Set 4] End of period 8 ("NG")
    E127–E184 R E127[Set 4] E127–E184 = 58 elements
    E184 (Uoq) theor. R UnoctquadiumR,
    cat:E184 (0)
    {{Infobox E184}} Isotopes of E184,
    cat:Isotopes E184 (0)
    {{Isobox E184}} E127[Set 4]
    E185 (Uop) theor. R UnoctpentiumR,
    cat:E185 (0)
    {{Infobox E185}} Isotopes of E185,
    cat:Isotopes E185 (0)
    {{Isobox E185}} E185[Set 5]
    cat:Elements (124) cat:IB (E) (124)
    meta:{{IB element}}
    cat:List of isotopes (E) (122) cat:Isobox (E) (119)
    meta:{{Isobox (E)}}
    • Sets of existing pages, by exemplary element:
    1. ^ E118 (Oganesson): Article, Infobox, Isotopes article, Isobox, eponymous category, isotopes categories (complete set, six pages). Discovered element, for reference.
  • ^ a b E119 (Ununennium): Article, Infobox, eponymous category, Isotopes article (but no big "§ List of isotopes" table). No Isobox.
  • ^ a b c d E121 (Unbiunium): Article, Infobox, eponymous category.
  • ^ a b c d e f g E127 (Unbiseptium): R-article only, on systematical name.
  • ^ E185 (Unoctpentium): No article, no redirect.
  • As of 4 Jan 2023, conforms MOS:no new elements (no idle pages created; redirects for element names only)

    • Uue–Uoq (E119–E184) each have an article page by their systematic name. That is 66 article page. Six of these are content pages (articles), and 58 are a redirect.
    • R: Redirects are non-content pages. Treated as non-existant page.
    • E172 would be the end of period 8 ("noble gas") and E173 would be the beginning of period 9.
    • {{Index by periodic table}} · Category:Hypothetical chemical elements (80)

    Subtemplates

    These subtemplates are used automatically; they do not need specific editor's input.

    Bare Periodic table, micro

    English variant spellings (ENGVAR)

    All element articles and their infoboxes use IUPAC spelling of elements and compounds. Notably, that is aluminium, sulfur, caesium, not aluminum, sulphur, cesium. For other English variant words (vapor vs. vapour) the infobox reads |engvar=. The parameter should be set in the article, and has options: en-US (or blank; default), en-GB, en-OED.

    parameter en-US
    (default)
    en-GB en-OED
    color color coloUr coloUr
    heat vaporization vaporiZation vaporiSation vaporiZation
    vapor pressure vapor vapoUr vapoUr
    ionization energy ioniZation ioniSation ioniZation
    crystal structure (list) -centEred -centred -centred
    ... oxidation-state/comment parenthesized brackets brackets

    Note, what is shown in the infobox is not influenced by the parameter name spelling, nor its input value.


    Articles having engvar set: see Category:WikiProject Elements pages using ENGVAR (12)

    TemplateData

    TemplateData documentation used by VisualEditor and other tools

    See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Infobox aluminium in articles based on its TemplateData.

    TemplateData for Infobox aluminium

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    References


    See also

    Tracking categories

    Index by periodic table


    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Infobox_aluminium&oldid=1209529493"
     



    Last edited on 22 February 2024, at 09:50  


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    This page was last edited on 22 February 2024, at 09:50 (UTC).

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