Thomas Joseph Campbell

Campbell was born in Belfast on 14 December 1871. He studied at St Malachy's College and the Royal University of Ireland. He was awarded a BA in 1892, his LL.B in 1894 and an MA in 1897. In 1895, he began editing The Irish News, a local Belfast-based newspaper. In 1899, he was the Chairman of the Ulster District Institute of Journalists.

In 1900 Campbell was called to the Irish Bar (King's Inns) and the English Bar in 1904. He lived in Dublin between 1910 and 1922 in order to practice his legal career at the Four Courts. In 1918 he was appointed as a King's Counsel and became a Bencher of King's Inns in 1924, the last before the erection of a separate Inn for Northern Ireland.^[1] Campbell was the first Treasurer of the Bar of Northern Ireland and first Secretary of the Circuit of Northern Ireland.

A close friend of Joseph Devlin MP, Campbell was a supporter of John Redmond MP and stood for the Irish Parliamentary PartyinSouth Monaghan at the 1918 general election. He lost the election to Sinn Féin's Sean McEntee (then in prison and later Finance Minister in the first De Valera led Government in the Irish Republic).

Described as "a man of markedly moderate views",^[2] Campbell was appointed in 1929 to the Senate of Northern Ireland. At the 1931 general election, he stood unsuccessfully for the Nationalist PartyinBelfast West. In 1934, he was elected to the Parliament of Northern Ireland in a by-election as Stormont MP for Belfast Central, resigning his seat in the Senate. He was elected unopposed in Belfast Central in the general elections of 1938 and 1945.

From 1937, he and Richard Byrne were the only Nationalist Party MPs to regularly attend the Stormont Parliament, and after Byrne's death in 1942, he was a lone voice against abstentionism in his own party.

From the Senate in 1931 he successfully introduced the only nationalist-sponsored Stormont bill, the Wild Birds Protection Act. Described as an "old friend and political opponent" by Lord Craigavon, he was chairman of the Public Accounts Committee.

Campbell has been described as having a "Redmondite approach and rigid attachment to attendance and parliamentary etiquette (which) ruled him out as a unifying influence" on his own party after the death of its leader Devlin. ** Campbell opposed the use of violence to achieve political ends throughout his political career.

His book Fifty Years Of Ulster (1941) was mainly about his work as a barrister, but he also predicted the difficulties which would eventually befall the Stormont Parliament:

"If a minority anywhere are to regard themselves as condemned to be in a permanent minority in Parliament with no inducement to tempt ambition or ability into their ranks they will inevitably become discouraged and indifferent. A Parliamentary constitution depends on the continuance of parties and if this factor is eliminated the constitution will of itself cease to exist. Parliamentary government will fall into contempt. The system will collapse".

He said of his attendance at the Stormont Parliament "I went there of duty, not of desire". In November 1945, he resigned his Belfast Central seat and retired from politics in order to take up a position as a County Court Judge.

He married Norah Gilfedder on 11 February 1918 in St Patrick's Church, Belfast and had five children, one daughter and four sons one of whom – Joseph – became a priest of the Diocese of Down and Connor.

• T.J. Campbell, Fifty Years Of Ulster 1890–1940
• Michael Farrell, Northern Ireland: The Orange State
• Eamon Phoenix (1994), Northern Nationalism: Nationalist Polictics, Partition and the Catholic Minority in Northern Ireland, 1890–1940.Ulster Historical Foundation, ISBN 978-0901905550
• Northern Ireland Parliamentary Elections Results: Biographies