Trimonoecy, also called polygamomonoecy, is when male, female, and hermaphrodite flowers are on the same plant.[1] Trimonoecy is rare.[2]
It is a monomorphic sexual system along with monoecy, gynomonoecy, and andromonoecy. It is hypothesized that trimonoecy originated from gynomonoecy.[3]
Trimonoecy occurs in plant families like Anacardiaceae, Apiaceae, Araliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae, Orchidaceae, Palmae, and more.[4] It is rare in the family Commelinaceae.[5]: 309
Trimonoecious species include:
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