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The voiced retroflex sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨d̠͡ʐ ⟩, sometimes simplified to ⟨dʐ ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is dz`
. Its apical variant is ⟨ɖ̺͡ʐ̺ ⟩ and laminal variant ⟨ɖ̻͡ʐ̻ ⟩. It occurs in such languages as Polish (the laminal affricate dż) and Northwest Caucasian languages (apical).
Voiced retroflex affricate | |||
---|---|---|---|
ɖʐ | |||
IPA Number | 106 (137) | ||
Audio sample | |||
Encoding | |||
Entity (decimal) | ɖ͡ʐ | ||
Unicode (hex) | U+0256 U+0361 U+0290 | ||
X-SAMPA | dz` | ||
|
Features of the voiced retroflex affricate:
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asturian | Some dialects | ḷḷuna | ['ɖ͡ʐunä] | 'moon' | Corresponds to /ʎ/ in other dialects. See Che Vaqueira |
Belarusian | джаз | [ɖ͡ʐas] | 'jazz' | Laminal. See Belarusian phonology | |
Chinese | Wu | 长 | [ɖ͡ʐaŋ] | 'to grow' | Only found in a few Wu dialects. |
Some Mandarin speakers | 广州 | [kwaŋ˨˩ ɖ͡ʐoʊ˥˥] | 'Guangzhou' | ||
Khowar[1] | ݮـنـݮـیر | [ɖ͡ʐanɖ͡ʐer] | 'chain' | - | |
Polish | Standard[2][3] | dżem | [ɖ͡ʐɛm]ⓘ | 'jam' | Laminal; it's transcribed /d͡ʒ/ by most Polish scholars. See Polish phonology |
Southeastern Cuyavian dialects[4] | dzwon | [ɖ͡ʐvɔn̪] | 'bell' | Some speakers. It's a result of hypercorrecting the more popular merger of /ɖ͡ʐ/ and /d͡z/ into [d͡z]. | |
Suwałki dialect[5] | |||||
Northern Qiang | vvdhe | [ʁɖ͡ʐə] | 'star' | ||
Serbo-Croatian[6][7] | џеп/džep | [ɖ͡ʐê̞p] | 'pocket' | Apical. It may be palato-alveolar instead, depending on the dialect. See Serbo-Croatian phonology | |
Slovak[8] | džús | [ɖ͡ʐu̞ːs] | 'juice' | Laminal. | |
Torwali[9] | حؕـىگ | [ɖ͡ʐiɡ̥] | 'long' | Contrasts with a palatal affricate. | |
Yi | ꎐ / rry | [ɖ͡ʐɪ˧] | 'tooth' |
Voiced retroflex non-sibilant affricate | |
---|---|
d̠͡ɻ̝ |
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Malagasy[10] | [example needed] | Also described as regular plosives, trilled affricates and sibilant affricates. |