The voiceless bilabial nasal (stop) is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨m̥⟩, a combination of the letter for the voiced bilabial nasal and a diacritic indicating voicelessness. The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is m_0
.
Voiceless bilabial nasal | |
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m̥ | |
IPA Number | 114+402A |
Audio sample | |
Encoding | |
X-SAMPA | m_0 |
Braille |
Features of the voiceless bilabial nasal:
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aleut[1] | quhmax̂ | [qum̥aχ] | 'white' | Voiced approximants and nasals may be partly devoiced in contact with a voiceless consonant and at the end of a word. | |
Alutiiq | keghmarluku | [kəɡm̥aχluku] | 'bite it repeatedly' | Contrasts with voiced /m/. | |
Burmese[2] | မှား/hma: | [m̥á] | 'false' | ||
Central Alaskan Yup'ik[3] | pisteḿun | [ˈpistəm̥un] | 'to the servant' | ||
English | RP[4] | stop me | [ˈstɒp͡m̥ mɪ] | stop me | |
Estonian[5] | lehm | [ˈlehm̥] | 'cow' | Word-final allophone of /m/ after /t, s, h/.[5] See Estonian phonology | |
French | prisme | [pχism̥] | 'prism' | Allophone of word-final /m/ after voiceless consonants.[6] See French phonology | |
Hmong | White Hmong | Hmoob | [m̥ɔ̃́] | 'Hmong' | Contrasts with voiced /m/. In Green Mong, it has merged with /m/.[7] |
Icelandic | kempa | [cʰɛm̥pa] | 'hero' | Allophonic variation of /m/ before voiceless plosives. Minimally contrastive with /m/ before voiced plosives: kemba [cʰɛmpa] 'to comb'.[8] See Icelandic phonology | |
Jalapa Mazatec[9] | hma | [m̥a] | 'black' | Contrasts with a voiced and a laryngealized bilabial nasal. | |
Kildin Sami[10] | лēӎӎьк/ljeehmhmk | [lʲeːm̥ʲːk] | 'strap' | ||
Muscogee | camhcá:ka | [t͡ʃəm̥t͡ʃɑːɡə] | 'bell' | Allophone of /m/ before /h/ when in the same syllable.[11] | |
Ukrainian[12] | ритм/rytm | [rɪt̪m̥] | 'rhythm' | Word-final allophone of /m/ after voiceless consonants.[12] See Ukrainian phonology | |
Washo[13] | Mášdɨmmi | [ˈm̥aʃdɨmmi] | 'he's hiding' | ||
Welsh[14] | fymhen | [və m̥ɛn] | 'my head' | Occurs as the nasal mutationof/p/. See Welsh phonology | |
Xumi | Lower[15] | [m̥ɛ̃˦] | 'medicine' | Contrasts with the voiced /m/.[15][16] | |
Upper[16] | |||||
Yi[17] | ꂓ hmi | [m̥i] | 'name' |
Les phonèmes nasals sont généralement réalisés comme des consonnes sonores, mais il peut y avoir des réalisations sourdes (rhumatisme prononcé [-sm̥]). Ces réalisations sourdes se rencontrent en particulier en finale absolue, après consonne sourde