Vulvoplasty, also known as zero-depth vaginoplasty,[1] is a plastic surgery procedure for altering the appearance of one's vulva or constructing a vulva from penile and scrotal tissue (a neovulva).
Women with congenital disorders or women post-vulvectomy or with genital trauma may receive vulvoplasty for medical reasons.
Women who experience vulvar discomfort may also receive vulvoplasty.
Ingender-affirming surgery, some male-to-female transgender patients receive vulvoplasty without vaginoplasty to reconstruct the exterior of female genitalia.[2]
During clitoroplasty, a clitoris is made from the tissue of the glans penis.[3]
Labiaplasty can be performed as a discrete surgery, or as a subordinate procedure within a vaginoplasty.[4][5] The labia minora are typically constructed from genital skin and the labia majora using skin from the scrotum.[3]
The urinary meatus in trans women is created by shortening the urethra and positioning it above the neovagina in such a way that the urine will descend downward while urinating in a seated position.[6]
