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Ågesta Nuclear Plant: Difference between revisions






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Coordinates: 59°1221.68N 18°458.34E / 59.2060222°N 18.0828722°E / 59.2060222; 18.0828722

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{{Short description|Decommissioned nuclear power plant in Sweden}}

{{Infobox NPP

{{Infobox power station

|Picture =

|name = Ågesta Nuclear Plant

|Pic_des =

|image = Ågestaverket 2009a.jpg

|Country = [[Sweden]]

|country = [[Sweden]]

|Utility = [[Vattenfall AB]]

| coordinates = {{coord|59|12|21.68|N|18|4|58.34|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}

|Built = 1957

|Start = [[May 1]], [[1964]]

|operator = [[Vattenfall AB]],<br/>[[Barsebäck Kraft AB]]

|construction_began = 1957

|End = [[June 2]], [[1974]]

|commissioned = 1 May 1964

|Reactor =

|decommissioned = 2 June 1974

|Reactor_MW =

|ps_units_decommissioned = 1 x 12 [[Megawatt|MW]]

|S_Reactor = 1

|S_Reactor_MW = 12

|B_Reactor =

|B_Reactor_MW =

|E_Reactor =

|E_Reactor_MW =

|El_Prod =

|for_year = 2006

|El_Prod_avg = 28

|Net_Prod = 398

|WEBSITE =

|as_of = August 1, 2007

}}

}}

{{Sweden nuke plant map}}

The '''[[Nuclear power]] station Ågesta''' (ASEA) was the first Swedish nuclear power station. Construction started in [[1957]] and ended in [[1962]], operations began in [[1964]] and continued until [[1974]]. The station primarily provided [[district heating]] for the [[Stockholm]] quarters [[Farsta]], as well as a small amount of electricity (12 MWe and 68 MW thermal). It is widely assumed that the underground reactors had military purposes, being able to produce plutonium.<ref>"Neutral Sweden Quietly Keeps Nuclear Option Open", [[The Washington Post]], November 25, 1994</ref>

[[File:Ågestaverket 1966.jpg|thumb|The control room of the Ågesta Nuclear Plant]]



The companies [[Elverk]] and [[Statens Vattenfallsverk]] were responsible for the building of the Ågesta plant. Before it was finished, another larger reactor, the [[R4 nuclear reactor]] was built at [[Marviken]]. The R4 reactor was intended for both electricity and plutonium production but it was cancelled in 1970.

The '''Ågesta Nuclear Plant''' (also '''Ågestaverket''' or just '''Ågesta''') was the first Swedish commercial [[nuclear power]] plant built by [[ASEA]]. Also known as '''R3''' nuclear reactor, it was the third [[nuclear reactor]] built in Sweden. Construction started in 1957 and ended in 1962, operations began in 1964 and continued until 1974.



The station was built underground, used heavy water moderation and was fueled with natural uranium. The station primarily provided [[district heating]] (initially 60 MW then increased to 80 MW) for the [[Stockholm]] suburb [[Farsta]], as well as a small amount of electricity, 12 MW.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://history.vattenfall.com/agesta-power-plant|title=Ågesta power plant {{!}} The history and heritage of Vattenfall|website=history.vattenfall.com|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref> It is widely assumed that the underground reactors had military purposes, being able to produce plutonium.<ref>"Neutral Sweden Quietly Keeps Nuclear Option Open", ''[[The Washington Post]]'', 25 November 1994.</ref> The cost of construction was estimated at SEK 50 million but the final cost was SEK 230 million.<ref name=":0" />

The Agesta reactor, with 10 MW, was much smaller than the later Swedish reactor types. The reactor was part of a project called "the Swedish line" (''Svenska Linjen''), an international initiative to use natural [[Uranium]] (not [[Uranium enrichment|enriched]]) for fuel in commercial power plants. The shutdown of the plant was mostly a result of low oil prices and poor economics.



The companies [[Stockholms Elverk]] and [[Vattenfall|Statens Vattenfallsverk]] were responsible for the building of the Ågesta plant. Before it was finished, another larger reactor, the [[R4 nuclear reactor]] was built at [[Marviken]]. The R4 reactor was intended for both electricity and plutonium production but it was cancelled in 1970.

=== Ågestaverket ===

Ågestaverket, also known as '''R3''', was the third [[nuclear reactor]] built in Ågesta. Heavy water moderated and fueled with natural uranium, the project was started in [[1957]], and the underground reactor was used for heating a suburb of [[Stockholm]] from [[1964]] to [[1974]], plus some power generation. It produced 105MWt, and 10MWe.



The station operated reliably except for problems with fuel rods in 1968 and a flooding incident on 1 May 1969. 15 fuel assemblies failed in 1968,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/nuc_11102801a.pdf|title=Global Implications of the Fukushima Disaster for Nuclear Power|last=Cochran|first=Thomas|date=August 19–25, 2011|website=Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.}}</ref> causing the reactor to be shut down for seven months.<ref name=":0" /> In 1969 errors in operating procedures caused a valve to fail leaking 400 cubic metres of cooling water. This overloaded the drainage system and caused short-circuits throughout the plant. The water short-circuited the Emergency Core Coolant System resulting in high pressure heavy water leaking out of the core and into the piping of the ECCS. The water caused one of the main [[Busbar|busbars]] for one of the generators to short, shutting down a turbine. The short-circuits preventing flooding from being indicated on the control board.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/en/publications/reports/safety-at-nuclear-power-plants/1996/9651/|title=96:51 The Flooding Incident at the Ågesta Pressurized Heavy Water Nuclear Power Plant|website=Strålsäkerhetsmyndigheten|language=en|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref> The Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate did not publicly release information about this failure until 1993.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/sweden-reverses-nuclear-phase-out/|title=Sweden Reverses Nuclear Phase-out Policy {{!}} NTI|website=www.nti.org|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref>

On [[May 1]], [[1969]], the power plant came close to a [[nuclear meltdown]] when a poorly installed [[valve]] started leaking, causing [[short circuit]]s which almost caused the cooling water pipes to burst, which would have drained all cooling water from the plant, making a nuclear meltdown inevitable. It was later established that it was a coincidence that this did not happen. The incident was covered up by the authorities and the public was not made aware of it until [[April 13]], [[1993]], when the Swedish newspaper [[Dagens Nyheter]] published an article about it.


The Ågesta reactor, with 10 MW, was much smaller than the later Swedish reactor types. The reactor was part of a project called "the Swedish line" (''Svenska Linjen''), an international initiative to use natural [[uranium]] (not [[Uranium enrichment|enriched]]) for fuel in commercial power plants. The shutdown of the plant was mostly a result of low oil prices and poor economics.


The [[Swedish Radiation Safety Authority]] approved demolition of the station in December 2019, with work expected to begin in 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.neimagazine.com/news/newssweden-approves-demolition-of-iconic-agesta-reactor-7547843|title=Sweden approves demolition of iconic Agesta reactor - Nuclear Engineering International|website=www.neimagazine.com|access-date=2019-12-24}}</ref> and to be completed by 2025.



== See also ==

== See also ==

{{stack|{{Portal|Sweden|Energy|Nuclear technology}}}}

*[[Nuclear power in Sweden]]

*[[Nuclear power in Sweden]]

*[[Ågestasjön]]

*[[Template:Sweden nuke plant map]]

* [[Ågestasjön]]



==References==

{{Reflist}}<!--added above categories/infobox footers by script-assisted edit-->


{{commonscat|Ågestaverket}}

{{Vattenfall}}

{{Energy in Sweden}}

{{Energy in Sweden}}

{{coord|59|12|21.68|N|18|4|58.34|E|type:landmark|display=title}}

{{Stockholm-geo-stub}}

{{nuclear-power-stub}}




{{DEFAULTSORT:Agesta Nuclear Plant}}

[[Category:Nuclear power stations in Sweden]]

[[Category:Nuclear power stations in Sweden]]

[[Category:Vattenfall]]

[[Category:Vattenfall]]

[[Category:Heavy water reactors]]

[[Category:Heavy water reactors]]

[[Category:Military nuclear reactors]]

[[Category:Military nuclear reactors]]

[[Category:Nuclear weapons programme of Sweden]]


[[Category:Energy infrastructure completed in 1962]]

[[fi:Ågestan ydinvoimalaitos]]

[[Category:1962 establishments in Sweden]]

[[de:Kernkraftwerk Ågesta]]

[[Category:1974 disestablishments in Sweden]]

[[fr:Centrale nucléaire d'Agesta]]

[[Category:Defunct nuclear reactors]]

[[sv:Ågestaverket]]


Latest revision as of 07:05, 18 April 2022

Ågesta Nuclear Plant
Map
CountrySweden
Location
  • Ågesta (subdivision)
Coordinates59°12′21.68″N 18°4′58.34″E / 59.2060222°N 18.0828722°E / 59.2060222; 18.0828722
StatusDecommissioned
Construction began1957
Commission date1 May 1964
Decommission date2 June 1974
Owner(s)
Operator(s)Vattenfall AB,
Barsebäck Kraft AB
Cogeneration?Yes
Power generation
Units decommissioned1 x 12 MW
External links
CommonsRelated media on Commons
Forsmark
Oskarshamn
R4
Ringhals
Ågesta
Nuclear power plants in Sweden (view)
 Active plants
 Closed plants
 Unfinished plants
The control room of the Ågesta Nuclear Plant

The Ågesta Nuclear Plant (also Ågestaverket or just Ågesta) was the first Swedish commercial nuclear power plant built by ASEA. Also known as R3 nuclear reactor, it was the third nuclear reactor built in Sweden. Construction started in 1957 and ended in 1962, operations began in 1964 and continued until 1974.

The station was built underground, used heavy water moderation and was fueled with natural uranium. The station primarily provided district heating (initially 60 MW then increased to 80 MW) for the Stockholm suburb Farsta, as well as a small amount of electricity, 12 MW.[1] It is widely assumed that the underground reactors had military purposes, being able to produce plutonium.[2] The cost of construction was estimated at SEK 50 million but the final cost was SEK 230 million.[1]

The companies Stockholms Elverk and Statens Vattenfallsverk were responsible for the building of the Ågesta plant. Before it was finished, another larger reactor, the R4 nuclear reactor was built at Marviken. The R4 reactor was intended for both electricity and plutonium production but it was cancelled in 1970.

The station operated reliably except for problems with fuel rods in 1968 and a flooding incident on 1 May 1969. 15 fuel assemblies failed in 1968,[3] causing the reactor to be shut down for seven months.[1] In 1969 errors in operating procedures caused a valve to fail leaking 400 cubic metres of cooling water. This overloaded the drainage system and caused short-circuits throughout the plant. The water short-circuited the Emergency Core Coolant System resulting in high pressure heavy water leaking out of the core and into the piping of the ECCS. The water caused one of the main busbars for one of the generators to short, shutting down a turbine. The short-circuits preventing flooding from being indicated on the control board.[4] The Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate did not publicly release information about this failure until 1993.[5]

The Ågesta reactor, with 10 MW, was much smaller than the later Swedish reactor types. The reactor was part of a project called "the Swedish line" (Svenska Linjen), an international initiative to use natural uranium (not enriched) for fuel in commercial power plants. The shutdown of the plant was mostly a result of low oil prices and poor economics.

The Swedish Radiation Safety Authority approved demolition of the station in December 2019, with work expected to begin in 2020[6] and to be completed by 2025.

See also[edit]

  • iconEnergy portal
  • Nuclear technology portal
  • References[edit]

    1. ^ a b c "Ågesta power plant | The history and heritage of Vattenfall". history.vattenfall.com. Retrieved 2019-12-24.
  • ^ "Neutral Sweden Quietly Keeps Nuclear Option Open", The Washington Post, 25 November 1994.
  • ^ Cochran, Thomas (August 19–25, 2011). "Global Implications of the Fukushima Disaster for Nuclear Power" (PDF). Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.
  • ^ "96:51 The Flooding Incident at the Ågesta Pressurized Heavy Water Nuclear Power Plant". Strålsäkerhetsmyndigheten. Retrieved 2019-12-24.
  • ^ "Sweden Reverses Nuclear Phase-out Policy | NTI". www.nti.org. Retrieved 2019-12-24.
  • ^ "Sweden approves demolition of iconic Agesta reactor - Nuclear Engineering International". www.neimagazine.com. Retrieved 2019-12-24.

  • Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ågesta_Nuclear_Plant&oldid=1083321936"

    Categories: 
    Nuclear power stations in Sweden
    Vattenfall
    Heavy water reactors
    Military nuclear reactors
    Nuclear weapons programme of Sweden
    Energy infrastructure completed in 1962
    1962 establishments in Sweden
    1974 disestablishments in Sweden
    Defunct nuclear reactors
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    This page was last edited on 18 April 2022, at 07:05 (UTC).

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