| Arizona's 1st congressional district | |
|---|---|
Arizona's 1st congressional district - since January 3, 2013
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| Representative | |
| Area | 58,608 sq mi (151,790 km2) |
| Distribution |
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| Population (2019) | 782,088[1] |
| Median household income | $56,117[2] |
| Ethnicity |
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| Cook PVI | R+2[3] |
Arizona's 1st congressional district is a congressional district located in the U.S. state of Arizona. Geographically, it is the eleventh-largest congressional district in the country and includes much of the state outside the Phoenix and Tucson metropolitan areas. Since 2013, it includes the Navajo Nation, the Hopi reservation and the Gila River Indian Community, with 25% of the population being Native American. The district has more Native Americans than any other congressional district in the United States.[4] It is currently represented by Democrat Tom O'Halleran.
When Arizona was first divided into congressional districts as a result of the 1950 Census, the 1st district comprised all of Maricopa County, home to Phoenix, while the rest of the state was in the 2nd district. In a mid-decade redistricting resulting from Wesberry v. Sanders in 1967, the 1st was cut back to eastern Phoenix and most of what became the East Valley.
Over the years, the 1st's share of Phoenix was gradually reduced due to the area's explosive growth in the second half of the 20th century. However, it remained based in the East Valley until Arizona picked up two seats in the 2000 U.S. Census. The old 1st essentially became the 6th district, while a new 1st district was created to serve most of the state outside of Phoenix and Tucson.
After the 2012 redistricting, the Hopi reservation was drawn into the 1st district; it had previously been included within the 2nd district. Also included were some northern suburbs of Tucson that had been in the 8th, as well as a tiny section of Phoenix itself near the Gila River Indian Community. Meanwhile, heavily Republican Prescott, the old 1st's largest city, and much of surrounding Yavapai County were drawn into the new, heavily Republican 4th district. The district is now considered to be significantly more competitive for Democrats.
It covers the entirety of the following counties:
The district covers the majority of:
Small portions of the following counties are also covered:
This large congressional district covers the mainly rural areas of northern and eastern Arizona. Democrats perform well in Flagstaff, Sedona, and the Navajo Nation among Native Americans, while Republicans are strongest in the more rural white areas. Elections are usually decided by conservative "Pinto Democrats" throughout the rural areas. Due to its vast size, it is extremely difficult to campaign in and has few unifying influences.
George W. Bush received 54% of the vote in this district in 2004. John McCain also carried the district in 2008 with 54% of the vote while Barack Obama received 44%. In the 2012 presidential election Mitt Romney (R) won with 50% of the vote, with Obama receiving 48%. Due to intense competition, this is generally considered a swing district. The redistricting has increased the number of historically Democratic voters.
During the Super Tuesday, February 5, 2008 Arizona Democratic Primary, the district was won by Hillary Clinton with 49% of the vote, while Barack Obama received 42% and John Edwards took 5%. In the Arizona Republican Primary, the 1st district was won by McCain with 46% while Mitt Romney received 35% and Mike Huckabee took in 12% of the vote in the district.
Tom O'Halleran (D) won the congressional seat in 2016. The district was considered very competitive for both parties in the 2016 primaries and general election.
| Election results from statewide races | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Office | Results |
| 1996 | President | Dole 46 – 45 - 7% |
| 2000 | President | Bush 51 – 44% |
| 2004 | President | Bush 54 – 46% |
| 2008 | President | McCain 54 – 44% |
| 2012 | President | Romney 50 – 48% |
| 2016 | President | Trump 48 – 47% |
| 2020 | President | Biden 50 – 48% |
Arizona gained a second congressional seat after the 1940 Census. It used a general ticket to elect its representatives until the 1948 elections, when candidates ran from each of the districts.
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi | 85,967 | 49.2% | ||
| Democratic | George Cordova | 79,730 | 45.6% | ||
| Libertarian | Edwin Porr | 8,990 | 5.2% | ||
| Majority | 6,237 | 3.6% | |||
| Total votes | 174,687 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi (Incumbent) | 148,315 | 58.5% | ||
| Democratic | Paul Babbitt | 91,776 | 36.2% | ||
| Libertarian | John Crockett | 13,260 | 5.2% | ||
| Majority | 56,539 | 22.3% | |||
| Total votes | 253,351 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Rick Renzi (Incumbent) | 105,646 | 53.2% | ||
| Democratic | Ellen Simon | 88,691 | 44.7% | ||
| Libertarian | David Schlosser | 4,205 | 2.1% | ||
| Majority | 16,955 | 8.5% | |||
| Total votes | 198,542 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican hold | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick | 155,791 | 57.5% | ||
| Republican | Sydney Ann Hay | 109,924 | 40.5% | ||
| Independent | Brent Maupin | 4,124 | 1.5% | ||
| Libertarian | Thane Eichenauer | 1,316 | 0.5% | ||
| Majority | 45,867 | 16.9% | |||
| Total votes | 271,155 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Paul Gosar | 112,816 | 49.7% | ||
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick (Incumbent) | 99,233 | 43.7% | ||
| Libertarian | Nicole Patti | 14,869 | 6.6% | ||
| Majority | 13,583 | 6.0% | |||
| Total votes | 226,918 | 100.0 | |||
| Republican gain from Democratic | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick | 122,774 | 48.8% | ||
| Republican | Jonathan Paton | 113,594 | 45.2% | ||
| Libertarian | Kim Allen | 15,227 | 6.0% | ||
| Majority | 9,180 | 3.7% | |||
| Total votes | 251,595 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ann Kirkpatrick (Incumbent) | 97,391 | 52.6% | +3.8% | |
| Republican | Andy Tobin | 87,723 | 47.4% | +2.3% | |
| Majority | 9,568 | 5.2% | +1.6% | ||
| Total votes | 185,114 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran | 142,219 | 50.7% | ||
| Republican | Paul Babeu | 121,745 | 43.3% | ||
| Green | Ray Parrish | 16,746 | 6.0% | ||
| Majority | 20,474 | 7.4% | |||
| Total votes | 280,710 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran (Incumbent) | 143,240 | 53.8% | ||
| Republican | Wendy Rogers | 122,784 | 46.2% | ||
| Majority | 20,456 | 7.6% | |||
| Total votes | 266,024 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tom O'Halleran (Incumbent) | 188,469 | 51.6% | -2.2 | |
| Republican | Tiffany Shedd | 176,709 | 48.4% | +2.2 | |
| Total votes | 365,178 | 100.0 | |||
| Democratic hold | |||||
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34°58′16″N 110°43′33″W / 34.97111°N 110.72583°W / 34.97111; -110.72583
