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August 19: Difference between revisions






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*[[1153]] – [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem]] takes control of the [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]] from his mother [[Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem|Melisende]], and also [[Siege of Ascalon|captures Ascalon]].

*[[1153]] – [[Baldwin III of Jerusalem]] takes control of the [[Kingdom of Jerusalem]] from his mother [[Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem|Melisende]], and also [[Siege of Ascalon|captures Ascalon]].

*[[1458]] &ndash; [[Pope Pius II]] is elected the 211th Pope.<ref>{{cite book|author=Renaissance Society of America|title=The Italian Renaissance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xtJoDXWcL3kC&pg=PA79|date=1 January 1993|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-0-8020-7735-6|pages=79}}</ref>

*[[1458]] &ndash; [[Pope Pius II]] is elected the 211th Pope.<ref>{{cite book|author=Renaissance Society of America|title=The Italian Renaissance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xtJoDXWcL3kC&pg=PA79|date=1 January 1993|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-0-8020-7735-6|pages=79}}</ref>

*[[1504]] &ndash; In Ireland, the [[Hiberno-Normans|Hiberno-Norman]] de Burghs (Burkes) and [[Anglo-Normans|Anglo-Norman]] Fitzgeralds fight in the [[Battle of Knockdoe]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Tony Jaques|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA536|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33538-9|pages=536}}</ref>

*[[1504]] &ndash; In Ireland, the [[Hiberno-Normans|Hiberno-Norman]] de Burghs (Burkes) and [[Cambro-Normans|Cambro-Norman]] Fitzgeralds fight in the [[Battle of Knockdoe]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Tony Jaques|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA536|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33538-9|pages=536}}</ref>

*[[1561]] &ndash; [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], aged 18, returns to [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] after spending 13 years in [[France]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Henry Ellis|title=To 1572|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V4rVAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA318|year=1846|publisher=R. Bentley|pages=318}}</ref>

*[[1561]] &ndash; [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], aged 18, returns to [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] after spending 13 years in [[France]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Henry Ellis|title=To 1572|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V4rVAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA318|year=1846|publisher=R. Bentley|pages=318}}</ref>

===1601–1900===

===1601–1900===

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* 1745 &ndash; [[Ottoman–Persian War (1743–46)|Ottoman–Persian War]]: In the [[Battle of Kars (1745)|Battle of Kars]], the Ottoman army is routed by Persian forces led by [[Nader Shah]].

* 1745 &ndash; [[Ottoman–Persian War (1743–46)|Ottoman–Persian War]]: In the [[Battle of Kars (1745)|Battle of Kars]], the Ottoman army is routed by Persian forces led by [[Nader Shah]].

*[[1759]] &ndash; [[Battle of Lagos]]: Naval battle during the [[Seven Years' War]] between Great Britain and France.

*[[1759]] &ndash; [[Battle of Lagos]]: Naval battle during the [[Seven Years' War]] between Great Britain and France.

*[[1772]] &ndash; [[Gustav III of Sweden]] stages [[Revolution of 1772|a coup d'état]], in which he assumes power and enacts a new constitution that divides power between the [[Riksdag of the Estates|Riksdag]] and the King.

*[[1772]] &ndash; [[Gustav III of Sweden]] stages [[Revolution of 1772|a coup d'état]], in which he assumes power and enacts a new constitution that divides power between the [[Riksdag of the Estates|Riksdag]] and the King.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Barton |first1=H. Arnold |title=Gustav III of Sweden and the Enlightenment |journal=Eighteenth-Century Studies |date=1972 |volume=6 |issue=1 |page=11 |doi=10.2307/3031560 |jstor=3031560}}</ref>

*[[1782]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Battle of Blue Licks]]: The last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British [[commander]] [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Charles Cornwallis]] following the [[Siege of Yorktown]].

*[[1782]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: [[Battle of Blue Licks]]: The last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British [[commander]] [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Charles Cornwallis]] following the [[Siege of Yorktown]].

*[[1812]] &ndash; [[War of 1812]]: American frigate {{USS|Constitution}} [[USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere|defeats]] the British frigate {{HMS|Guerriere|1806|6}} off the coast of [[Nova Scotia]], Canada earning the nickname "Old Ironsides".

*[[1812]] &ndash; [[War of 1812]]: American frigate {{USS|Constitution}} [[USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere|defeats]] the British frigate {{HMS|Guerriere|1806|6}} off the coast of [[Nova Scotia]], Canada earning the nickname "Old Ironsides".

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*[[1862]] &ndash; [[Dakota War of 1862|Dakota War]]: During an uprising in [[Minnesota]], [[Lakota people|Lakota]] warriors decide not to attack heavily defended [[Fort Ridgely]] and instead turn to the settlement of [[New Ulm, Minnesota|New Ulm]], killing white settlers along the way.

*[[1862]] &ndash; [[Dakota War of 1862|Dakota War]]: During an uprising in [[Minnesota]], [[Lakota people|Lakota]] warriors decide not to attack heavily defended [[Fort Ridgely]] and instead turn to the settlement of [[New Ulm, Minnesota|New Ulm]], killing white settlers along the way.

===1901–present===

===1901–present===

*[[1903]] &ndash; The [[Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising|Transfiguration Uprising]] breaks out in [[East Thrace]], resulting in the establishment of the [[Strandzha Commune]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Khadzhiev |first1=Georgi |translator1-last=Firth |translator1-first=Will |chapter=The Transfiguration Uprising and the 'Strandzha Commune': The First Libertarian Commune in Bulgaria |title=Националното освобождение и безвластният федерализъм |trans-title=National Liberation and Libertarian Federalism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DDFOAQAAIAAJ |language=bg |pages=99–148 |date=1992 |publisher=Artizdat-5 |location=Sofia |chapter-url=http://www.savanne.ch/tusovka/en/will-firth/bulgaria.html#strandzha |oclc=27030696 }}</ref>

*[[1909]] &ndash; The [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]] opens for [[Auto racing|automobile racing]]. [[Wilfred Bourque]] and his mechanic are killed during the first day's events.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indianapolis Medical Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sM0yAQAAMAAJ|year=1922|page=151}}</ref>

*[[1909]] &ndash; The [[Indianapolis Motor Speedway]] opens for [[automobile racing]]. [[William Bourque]] and his mechanic are killed during the first day's events.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indianapolis Medical Journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sM0yAQAAMAAJ|year=1922|page=151}}</ref>

*[[1920]] &ndash; The [[Tambov Rebellion]] breaks out, in response to the [[Bolshevik]] policy of ''[[Prodrazvyorstka]]''.<ref name="black book">Nicolas Werth, Karel Bartošek, Jean-Louis Panné, Jean-Louis Margolin, Andrzej Paczkowski, [[Stéphane Courtois]], ''[[The Black Book of Communism]]: Crimes, Terror, Repression'', [[Harvard University Press]], 1999, hardcover, 858 pages, {{ISBN|0-674-07608-7}}.</ref>

*[[1920]] &ndash; The [[Tambov Rebellion]] breaks out, in response to the [[Bolshevik]] policy of ''[[Prodrazvyorstka]]''.<ref name="black book">Nicolas Werth, Karel Bartošek, Jean-Louis Panné, Jean-Louis Margolin, Andrzej Paczkowski, [[Stéphane Courtois]], ''[[The Black Book of Communism]]: Crimes, Terror, Repression'', [[Harvard University Press]], 1999, hardcover, 858 pages, {{ISBN|0-674-07608-7}}.</ref>

*[[1927]] &ndash; [[Patriarch Sergius of Moscow]] proclaims the declaration of loyalty of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] to the [[Soviet Union]].

*[[1927]] &ndash; [[Patriarch Sergius of Moscow]] proclaims the declaration of loyalty of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] to the [[Soviet Union]].

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*[[1936]] &ndash; The [[Great Purge]] of the [[Soviet Union]] begins when the first of the [[Moscow Trials]] is convened.

*[[1936]] &ndash; The [[Great Purge]] of the [[Soviet Union]] begins when the first of the [[Moscow Trials]] is convened.

*[[1940]] &ndash; First flight of the [[North American B-25 Mitchell|B-25 Mitchell]] [[medium bomber]].

*[[1940]] &ndash; First flight of the [[North American B-25 Mitchell|B-25 Mitchell]] [[medium bomber]].

*[[1941]] &ndash; [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] and [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]] sign the [[Tiraspol Agreement]], rendering the region of [[Transnistria (region)|Transnistria]] under control of the latter.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309415043|title=The beginning of war in the East and hastening the approaches against the Jewish population|first1=Adina|last1=Babeș|first2=Alexandru|last2=Florian|journal=Holocaust. Studii și cercetări|issue=7|year=2014|pages=30–44}}</ref>

*[[1941]] &ndash; [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] and [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]] sign the [[Tiraspol Agreement]], rendering the region of [[Transnistria Governorate|Transnistria]] under control of the latter.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309415043|title=The beginning of war in the East and hastening the approaches against the Jewish population|first1=Adina|last1=Babeș|first2=Alexandru|last2=Florian|journal=Holocaust. Studii și cercetări|issue=7|year=2014|pages=30–44}}</ref>

*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Dieppe Raid|Operation Jubilee]]: The [[2nd Canadian Infantry Division]] leads an [[amphibious warfare|amphibious assault]] by [[Allies of World War II|allied forces]] on [[Dieppe]], France and fails, many Canadians are killed or captured. The operation was intended to develop and try new amphibious landing tactics for the coming full invasion in Normandy.

*[[1942]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Dieppe Raid|Operation Jubilee]]: The [[2nd Canadian Infantry Division]] leads an [[amphibious warfare|amphibious assault]] by [[Allies of World War II|allied forces]] on [[Dieppe]], France and fails.

*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: [[Liberation of Paris]]: Paris, France rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops.

*[[1944]] &ndash; World War II: [[Liberation of Paris]]: Paris, France rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops.

*[[1945]] &ndash; [[August Revolution]]: [[Viet Minh]] led by [[Ho Chi Minh]] take power in Hanoi, Vietnam.

*[[1945]] &ndash; [[August Revolution]]: [[Viet Minh]] led by [[Ho Chi Minh]] take power in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Line 50: Line 51:

*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Prime Minister of Japan|Japanese prime minister]] [[Eisaku Satō]] becomes the first post-World War II sitting prime minister to visit [[Okinawa Prefecture]].

*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Prime Minister of Japan|Japanese prime minister]] [[Eisaku Satō]] becomes the first post-World War II sitting prime minister to visit [[Okinawa Prefecture]].

*[[1978]] &ndash; In Iran, the [[Cinema Rex fire]] causes more than 400 deaths.

*[[1978]] &ndash; In Iran, the [[Cinema Rex fire]] causes more than 400 deaths.

*[[1980]] &ndash; [[Saudia Flight 163]], a [[Lockheed L-1011 TriStar]] burns after making an emergency landing at [[King Khalid International Airport]] in [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arabia]], killing 301 people.

*[[1980]] &ndash; [[Saudia Flight 163]], a [[Lockheed L-1011 TriStar]] burns after making an emergency landing at [[Riyadh Air Base|Riyadh International Airport]] in [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arabia]], killing 301 people.

* 1980 &ndash; [[Otłoczyn railway accident]]: In Poland's worst post-war railway accident, 67 people lose their lives and a further 62 are injured.<ref>{{cite book|author=Edgar A. Haine|title=Railroad Wrecks|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7t8DW4iYDMC&pg=PA182|year=1993|publisher=Associated University Presses|isbn=978-0-8453-4844-4|pages=182}}</ref>

* 1980 &ndash; [[Otłoczyn railway accident]]: In Poland's worst post-war railway accident, 67 people lose their lives and a further 62 are injured.<ref>{{cite book |author=Haine |first=Edgar A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7t8DW4iYDMC&pg=PA182 |title=Railroad Wrecks |publisher=Associated University Presses |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-8453-4844-4 |pages=182}}</ref>

*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Gulf of Sidra incident (1981)|Gulf of Sidra Incident]]: United States [[Grumman F-14 Tomcat|F-14A Tomcat]] fighters intercept and shoot down two [[Libyan Air Force (1951–2011)|Libyan]] [[Sukhoi Su-17|Sukhoi Su-22]] fighter jets over the [[Gulf of Sidra]].

*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Gulf of Sidra incident (1981)|Gulf of Sidra Incident]]: United States [[Grumman F-14 Tomcat|F-14A Tomcat]] fighters intercept and shoot down two [[Libyan Air Force (1951–2011)|Libyan]] [[Sukhoi Su-17|Sukhoi Su-22]] fighter jets over the [[Gulf of Sidra]].

*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Hungerford massacre]]: In the United Kingdom, Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with a [[semi-automatic rifle]] and then commits suicide.

*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Hungerford massacre]]: In the United Kingdom, Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with a [[semi-automatic rifle]] and then commits suicide.

Line 62: Line 63:

*[[2003]] &ndash; A [[Canal Hotel bombing|truck-bomb attack]] on [[United Nations]] headquarters in [[Iraq]] kills the agency's top envoy [[Sérgio Vieira de Mello]] and 21 other employees.<ref>{{cite book|title=Report of the Security Council: 1 August 2013 - 31 July 2014|publisher=United Nations|year=2014|page=72}}</ref>

*[[2003]] &ndash; A [[Canal Hotel bombing|truck-bomb attack]] on [[United Nations]] headquarters in [[Iraq]] kills the agency's top envoy [[Sérgio Vieira de Mello]] and 21 other employees.<ref>{{cite book|title=Report of the Security Council: 1 August 2013 - 31 July 2014|publisher=United Nations|year=2014|page=72}}</ref>

* 2003 &ndash; [[Shmuel HaNavi bus bombing]]: A suicide attack on a bus in [[Jerusalem]], planned by [[Hamas]], kills 23 Israelis, seven of them children.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFA-Archive/2003/Pages/Suicide%20bombing%20of%20No%202%20Egged%20bus%20in%20Jerusalem%20-%201.aspx|title=Suicide bombing of No 2 Egged bus in Jerusalem-19-Aug-2003|publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs|access-date=17 August 2020}}</ref>

* 2003 &ndash; [[Shmuel HaNavi bus bombing]]: A suicide attack on a bus in [[Jerusalem]], planned by [[Hamas]], kills 23 Israelis, seven of them children.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFA-Archive/2003/Pages/Suicide%20bombing%20of%20No%202%20Egged%20bus%20in%20Jerusalem%20-%201.aspx|title=Suicide bombing of No 2 Egged bus in Jerusalem-19-Aug-2003|publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs|access-date=17 August 2020}}</ref>

*[[2004]] &ndash; [[Google|Google Inc.]] has its [[initial public offering]] on [[Nasdaq]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Research|first=CNN Editorial|title=Google Fast Facts|url=https://www.cnn.com/2014/06/30/business/google-fast-facts/index.html|access-date=2022-01-12|website=CNN|date=30 June 2014 }}</ref>

*[[2004]] &ndash; [[Google|Google Inc.]] has its [[initial public offering]] on [[Nasdaq]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=30 June 2014 |title=Google Fast Facts |url=https://www.cnn.com/2014/06/30/business/google-fast-facts/index.html |access-date=2022-01-12 |website=CNN}}</ref>

*[[2005]] &ndash; The first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China, called [[Peace Mission 2005]] begins.

*[[2005]] &ndash; The first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China, called [[Peace Mission 2005]] begins.

*[[2009]] &ndash; A [[August 2009 Baghdad bombings|series of bombings]] in [[Baghdad]], Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others.

*[[2009]] &ndash; A [[August 2009 Baghdad bombings|series of bombings]] in [[Baghdad]], Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others.

*[[2010]] &ndash; [[Iraq War|Operation Iraqi Freedom]] ends, with the last of the United States [[brigade]] combat teams crossing the border to [[Kuwait]].

*[[2010]] &ndash; [[Iraq War|Operation Iraqi Freedom]] ends, with the last of the United States [[brigade]] combat teams crossing the border to [[Kuwait]].

*[[2013]] &ndash; The [[Dhamara Ghat train accident]] kills at least 37 people in the Indian state of [[Bihar]].

*[[2013]] &ndash; The [[Dhamara Ghat train accident]] kills at least 37 people in the Indian state of [[Bihar]].

*[[2017]] &ndash; Tens of thousands of farmed non-native [[Atlantic salmon]] are accidentally released into the wild in [[Washington (state)|Washington]] waters in the [[2017 Cypress Island Atlantic salmon pen break]].

*[[2017]] &ndash; Tens of thousands of farmed non-native [[Atlantic salmon]] are accidentally released into the wild in [[Washington (state)|Washington]] waters in the [[Cypress Island Atlantic salmon pen break|2017 Cypress Island Atlantic salmon pen break]].



==Births==

==Births==

Line 97: Line 98:

*[[1848]] &ndash; [[Gustave Caillebotte]], French painter and engineer (d. 1894)

*[[1848]] &ndash; [[Gustave Caillebotte]], French painter and engineer (d. 1894)

*[[1849]] &ndash; [[Joaquim Nabuco]], Brazilian politician and diplomat (d. 1910)

*[[1849]] &ndash; [[Joaquim Nabuco]], Brazilian politician and diplomat (d. 1910)

*[[1858]] &ndash; [[Ellen Willmott]], English horticulturalist (d. 1934)<ref>{{Cite ODNB|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-48838|title=Willmott, Ellen Ann (1858–1934), horticulturist|last=le Lièvre|first=Audrey|year=2004|language=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/48838|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-08-12}}</ref>

*[[1858]] &ndash; [[Ellen Willmott]], English horticulturalist (d. 1934)<ref>{{Cite ODNB|url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-48838|title=Willmott, Ellen Ann (1858–1934), horticulturist|last=le Lièvre|first=Audrey|year=2004|language=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/48838|access-date=2019-08-12}}</ref>

*[[1870]] &ndash; [[Bernard Baruch]], American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1965)

*[[1870]] &ndash; [[Bernard Baruch]], American businessman and philanthropist (d. 1965)

*[[1871]] &ndash; [[Orville Wright]], American engineer and pilot, co-founded the [[Wright Company]] (d. 1948)<ref>{{cite book|author=Arthur George Renstrom|title=Wilbur & Orville Wright: A Reissue of a Chronology Commemorating the Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of Orville Wright, August 19, 1871|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hpI9AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1|year=2003|publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of External Relations, NASA History Office, NASA Headquarters|pages=1|isbn=9781467941402}}</ref>

*[[1871]] &ndash; [[Orville Wright]], American engineer and pilot, co-founded the [[Wright Company]] (d. 1948)<ref>{{cite book|author=Arthur George Renstrom|title=Wilbur & Orville Wright: A Reissue of a Chronology Commemorating the Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of Orville Wright, August 19, 1871|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hpI9AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1|year=2003|publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of External Relations, NASA History Office, NASA Headquarters|pages=1|isbn=9781467941402}}</ref>

Line 113: Line 114:

* 1900 &ndash; [[Gilbert Ryle]], English philosopher, author, and academic (d. 1976)

* 1900 &ndash; [[Gilbert Ryle]], English philosopher, author, and academic (d. 1976)

* 1900 &ndash; [[Dorothy Burr Thompson]], American archaeologist and art historian (d. 2001)

* 1900 &ndash; [[Dorothy Burr Thompson]], American archaeologist and art historian (d. 2001)


===1901–present===

===1901–present===

*[[1902]] &ndash; [[Ogden Nash]], American poet (d. 1971)<ref>{{cite book|first=David |last=Lehman |title=The Oxford Book of American Poetry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gO0AK7qCvmoC&pg=PA475 |year=2006 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-516251-6 |page=475}}</ref>

*[[1902]] &ndash; [[Ogden Nash]], American poet (d. 1971)<ref>{{cite book|first=David |last=Lehman |title=The Oxford Book of American Poetry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gO0AK7qCvmoC&pg=PA475 |year=2006 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-516251-6 |page=475}}</ref>

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* 1913 &ndash; [[Richard Simmons (actor)|Richard Simmons]], American actor (d. 2003)

* 1913 &ndash; [[Richard Simmons (actor)|Richard Simmons]], American actor (d. 2003)

*[[1914]] &ndash; [[Lajos Baróti]], Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 2005)

*[[1914]] &ndash; [[Lajos Baróti]], Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 2005)

* 1914 &ndash; [[Fumio Hayasaka]], Japanese composer (d. 1955)<ref>{{cite web |title=Fumio Hayasaka |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba16301b0 |website=BFI |access-date=23 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

* 1914 &ndash; [[Fumio Hayasaka]], Japanese composer (d. 1955)<ref>{{cite web |title=Fumio Hayasaka |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba16301b0 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160720195301/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2ba16301b0 |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 20, 2016 |website=BFI |access-date=23 November 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

* 1914 &ndash; [[Rose Heilbron]], British barrister and judge (d. 2005)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Morton |first1=James |title=Obituary: Dame Rose Heilbron |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/dec/13/guardianobituaries.gender |website=The Guardian |access-date=8 April 2020 |date=13 December 2005}}</ref>

* 1914 &ndash; [[Rose Heilbron]], British barrister and judge (d. 2005)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Morton |first1=James |title=Obituary: Dame Rose Heilbron |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/dec/13/guardianobituaries.gender |website=The Guardian |access-date=8 April 2020 |date=13 December 2005}}</ref>

*[[1915]] &ndash; [[Ring Lardner, Jr.]], American journalist and screenwriter (d. 2000)

*[[1915]] &ndash; [[Ring Lardner, Jr.]], American journalist and screenwriter (d. 2000)

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*[[1916]] &ndash; [[Dennis Poore]], English racing driver and businessman (d. 1987)

*[[1916]] &ndash; [[Dennis Poore]], English racing driver and businessman (d. 1987)

*[[1918]] &ndash; [[Jimmy Rowles]], American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1996)

*[[1918]] &ndash; [[Jimmy Rowles]], American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1996)

*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Malcolm Forbes]], American publisher and politician (d. 1990)

*[[1919]] &ndash; [[Malcolm Forbes]], American publisher and politician (d. 1990)<ref name="UPI">{{cite web |title=Famous birthdays for Aug. 19: John Stamos, Bill Clinton |url=https://www.upi.com/Entertainment_News/2018/08/19/Famous-birthdays-for-Aug-19-John-Stamos-Bill-Clinton/7271534646305/ |publisher=[[UPI]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1921]] &ndash; [[Gene Roddenberry]], American screenwriter and producer (d. 1991)

*[[1921]] &ndash; [[Gene Roddenberry]], American screenwriter and producer (d. 1991)<ref name="UPI"></ref>

*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Jack Holland (rugby league)|Jack Holland]], Australian rugby league player (d. 1994)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jack Holland - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/jack-holland/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Jack Holland (rugby league)|Jack Holland]], Australian rugby league player (d. 1994)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Jack Holland - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/jack-holland/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

*[[1923]] &ndash; [[Edgar F. Codd]], English computer scientist, inventor of [[Relational model|relational model of data]] (d. 2003)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edgar F. Codd - A.M. Turing Award Laureate |url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/codd_1000892.cfm |access-date=2022-08-19 |website=amturing.acm.org}}</ref>

*[[1923]] &ndash; [[Edgar F. Codd]], English computer scientist, inventor of [[Relational model|relational model of data]] (d. 2003)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Edgar F. Codd - A.M. Turing Award Laureate |url=https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/codd_1000892.cfm |access-date=2022-08-19 |website=amturing.acm.org}}</ref>

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*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Claude Gauvreau]], Canadian poet and playwright (d. 1971)

*[[1925]] &ndash; [[Claude Gauvreau]], Canadian poet and playwright (d. 1971)

*[[1926]] &ndash; [[Angus Scrimm]], American actor and author (d. 2016)

*[[1926]] &ndash; [[Angus Scrimm]], American actor and author (d. 2016)

*[[1928]] &ndash; [[Shiv Prasaad Singh]], Indian Hindi writer (d.1998)

*[[1928]] &ndash; [[Shiv Prasaad Singh]], Indian Hindi writer (d. 1998)

* 1928 &ndash; [[Bernard Levin]], English journalist, author, and broadcaster (d. 2004)

* 1928 &ndash; [[Bernard Levin]], English journalist, author, and broadcaster (d. 2004)

*[[1929]] &ndash; [[Bill Foster (basketball, born 1929)|Bill Foster]], American basketball player and coach (d. 2016)

*[[1929]] &ndash; [[Bill Foster (basketball, born 1929)|Bill Foster]], American basketball player and coach (d. 2016)

* 1929 &ndash; [[Ion N. Petrovici]], Romanian-German neurologist and academic (d. 2021)

* 1929 &ndash; [[Ion N. Petrovici]], Romanian-German neurologist and academic (d. 2021)

*[[1930]] &ndash; [[Frank McCourt]], American author and educator (d. 2009)

*[[1930]] &ndash; [[Frank McCourt]], American author and educator (d. 2009)<ref name="UPI"></ref>

*[[1931]] &ndash; [[Bill Shoemaker]], American jockey and author (d. 2003)<ref>{{cite book|author1=Contemporary Books|author2=McGraw-Hill Trade|title=Chase's Sports Calendar of Events 1997|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t1vS43orTU0C|year=1996|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-8092-3133-1|page=180}}</ref>

*[[1931]] &ndash; [[Bill Shoemaker]], American jockey and author (d. 2003)<ref>{{cite book|author1=Contemporary Books|author2=McGraw-Hill Trade|title=Chase's Sports Calendar of Events 1997|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t1vS43orTU0C|year=1996|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-8092-3133-1|page=180}}</ref>

*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Thomas P. Salmon]], American lawyer and politician, 75th [[Governor of Vermont]]

*[[1932]] &ndash; [[Thomas P. Salmon]], American lawyer and politician, 75th [[Governor of Vermont]]

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*[[1933]] &ndash; [[Bettina Cirone]], American model and photographer

*[[1933]] &ndash; [[Bettina Cirone]], American model and photographer

* 1933 &ndash; [[David Hopwood]], English microbiologist and geneticist

* 1933 &ndash; [[David Hopwood]], English microbiologist and geneticist

* 1933 &ndash; [[Debra Paget]], American actress

* 1933 &ndash; [[Debra Paget]], American actress<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1934]] &ndash; [[David Durenberger]], American soldier, lawyer, and politician (d. 2023)

*[[1934]] &ndash; [[David Durenberger]], American soldier, lawyer, and politician (d. 2023)

* 1934 &ndash; [[Renée Richards]], American tennis player and ophthalmologist

* 1934 &ndash; [[Renée Richards]], American tennis player and ophthalmologist

Line 159: Line 159:

*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Richard Ingrams]], English journalist, founded ''[[The Oldie]]''

*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Richard Ingrams]], English journalist, founded ''[[The Oldie]]''

* 1937 &ndash; [[William Motzing]], American composer and conductor (d. 2014)

* 1937 &ndash; [[William Motzing]], American composer and conductor (d. 2014)

*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Diana Muldaur]], American actress

*[[1938]] &ndash; [[Diana Muldaur]], American actress<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1938 &ndash; [[Nelly Vuksic]], Argentine conductor and musician

* 1938 &ndash; [[Nelly Vuksic]], Argentine conductor and musician

*[[1939]] &ndash; [[Ginger Baker]], English drummer and songwriter (d. 2019)<ref>{{cite book |last=Lentz III |first=Harris M. |title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2019 |date=28 October 2020 |publisher=McFarland |page=22 |isbn=9781476640594 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gW0HEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT36}}</ref>

*[[1939]] &ndash; [[Ginger Baker]], English drummer and songwriter (d. 2019)<ref>{{cite book |last=Lentz III |first=Harris M. |title=Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2019 |date=28 October 2020 |publisher=McFarland |page=22 |isbn=9781476640594 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gW0HEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT36}}</ref>

*[[1940]] &ndash; [[Roger Cook (songwriter)|Roger Cook]], English songwriter, singer, and producer

*[[1940]] &ndash; [[Roger Cook (songwriter)|Roger Cook]], English songwriter, singer, and producer

* 1940 &ndash; [[Johnny Nash]], American singer-songwriter (d. 2020)

* 1940 &ndash; [[Johnny Nash]], American singer-songwriter (d. 2020)<ref name="UPI"></ref>

* 1940 &ndash; [[Jill St. John]], American model and actress

* 1940 &ndash; [[Jill St. John]], American model and actress<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1941]] &ndash; [[John Cootes]], Australian rugby league player, priest, and businessman<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Cootes - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/john-cootes/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

*[[1941]] &ndash; [[John Cootes]], Australian rugby league player, priest, and businessman<ref>{{Cite web|title=John Cootes - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/john-cootes/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

* 1941 &ndash; [[Mihalis Papagiannakis]], Greek educator and politician (d. 2009)

* 1941 &ndash; [[Mihalis Papagiannakis]], Greek educator and politician (d. 2009)

*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Fred Thompson]], American actor, lawyer, and politician (d. 2015)

*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Fred Thompson]], American actor, lawyer, and politician (d. 2015)<ref name="UPI"></ref>

*[[1943]] &ndash; [[Don Fardon]], English pop singer

*[[1943]] &ndash; [[Don Fardon]], English pop singer

* 1943 &ndash; [[Sid Going]], New Zealand rugby player (d. 2024)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-20 |title=All Blacks legend Sid Going dies |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/rugby/all-blacks/sid-going-death-former-all-blacks-and-northland-rugby-legend-dies/RVDPYBBXDVGO7KFH7VFF5W3PAE/ |access-date=2024-05-20 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref>

* 1943 &ndash; [[Sid Going]], New Zealand rugby player

* 1943 &ndash; [[Billy J. Kramer]], English pop singer

* 1943 &ndash; [[Billy J. Kramer]], English pop singer<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1944]] &ndash; [[Jack Canfield]], American author

*[[1944]] &ndash; [[Jack Canfield]], American author

* 1944 &ndash; [[Stew Johnson]], American basketball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Stewart Johnson |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/player/bio/_/id/395/stewart-johnson |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

* 1944 &ndash; [[Bodil Malmsten]], Swedish author and poet (d. 2016)

* 1944 &ndash; [[Bodil Malmsten]], Swedish author and poet (d. 2016)

* 1944 &ndash; [[Eddy Raven]], American country music singer-songwriter

* 1944 &ndash; [[Eddy Raven]], American country music singer-songwriter<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1944 &ndash; [[Charles Wang]], Chinese-American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded [[Computer Associates International]] (d. 2018)

* 1944 &ndash; [[Charles Wang]], Chinese-American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded [[Computer Associates International]] (d. 2018)

*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Dennis Eichhorn]], American author and illustrator (d. 2015)

*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Dennis Eichhorn]], American author and illustrator (d. 2015)

* 1945 &ndash; [[Charles Wellesley, 9th Duke of Wellington]], English politician

* 1945 &ndash; [[Charles Wellesley, 9th Duke of Wellington]], English politician

* 1945 &ndash; [[Ian Gillan]], English singer-songwriter

* 1945 &ndash; [[Ian Gillan]], English singer-songwriter<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1946]] &ndash; [[Charles Bolden]], American general and astronaut

*[[1946]] &ndash; [[Charles Bolden]], American general and astronaut

* 1946 &ndash; [[Bill Clinton]], American lawyer and politician, 42nd [[President of the United States]]<ref>{{cite web |author1=Frank Freidel |author2=Hugh Sidey |title=William J. Clinton |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/william-j-clinton/ |website=The Presidential biographies on WhiteHouse.gov |publisher=White House Historical Association |access-date=1 August 2020}}</ref>

* 1946 &ndash; [[Bill Clinton]], American lawyer and politician, 42nd [[President of the United States]]<ref>{{cite web |author1=Frank Freidel |author2=Hugh Sidey |title=William J. Clinton |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/william-j-clinton/ |website=The Presidential biographies on WhiteHouse.gov |publisher=White House Historical Association |access-date=1 August 2020}}</ref>

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*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Dave Dutton]], English actor and screenwriter

*[[1947]] &ndash; [[Dave Dutton]], English actor and screenwriter

* 1947 &ndash; [[Terry Hoeppner]], American football player and coach (d. 2007)

* 1947 &ndash; [[Terry Hoeppner]], American football player and coach (d. 2007)

* 1947 &ndash; [[Gerald McRaney]], American actor<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1947 &ndash; [[Gerard Schwarz]], American conductor and director

* 1947 &ndash; [[Gerard Schwarz]], American conductor and director

* 1947 &ndash; [[Anuška Ferligoj]], Slovenian mathematician

* 1947 &ndash; [[Anuška Ferligoj]], Slovenian mathematician

*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Robert Hughes (Australian actor)|Robert Hughes]], Australian actor

*[[1948]] &ndash; [[Jim Carter (actor)|Jim Carter]], English actor<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1948 &ndash; [[Tipper Gore]], American activist and author, former [[Second Lady of the United States]]<ref name="UPI"></ref>

* 1948 &ndash; [[Robert Hughes (Australian actor)|Robert Hughes]], Australian actor

* 1948 &ndash; [[Christy O'Connor Jnr]], Irish golfer and architect (d. 2016)

* 1948 &ndash; [[Christy O'Connor Jnr]], Irish golfer and architect (d. 2016)

*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Michael Nazir-Ali]], Pakistani-English bishop

*[[1949]] &ndash; [[Michael Nazir-Ali]], Pakistani-English bishop

*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Jennie Bond]], English journalist and author

*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Jennie Bond]], English journalist and author

* 1950 &ndash; [[Sudha Murty]], Indian author and teacher, head of [[Infosys Foundation]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Happy Birthday, Sudha Murty: The Philanthropist who found her life's purpose in serving people|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/article/happy-birthday-sudha-murty-the-philanthropist-who-found-her-life-s-purpose-in-serving-people/639258|access-date=2020-08-19|website=www.timesnownews.com|language=en}}</ref>

* 1950 &ndash; [[Sudha Murty]], Indian author and teacher, head of [[Infosys Foundation]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Happy Birthday, Sudha Murty: The Philanthropist who found her life's purpose in serving people|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/business-economy/article/happy-birthday-sudha-murty-the-philanthropist-who-found-her-life-s-purpose-in-serving-people/639258|access-date=2020-08-19|website=www.timesnownews.com|date=19 August 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

*[[1951]] &ndash; [[John Deacon]], English bass player and songwriter

*[[1951]] &ndash; [[John Deacon]], English bass player and songwriter<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1951 &ndash; [[Gustavo Santaolalla]], Argentinian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

* 1951 &ndash; [[Gustavo Santaolalla]], Argentinian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer

*[[1952]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Frakes]], American actor and director

*[[1952]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Frakes]], American actor and director<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1952 &ndash; [[Gabriela Grillo]], German equestrian (d. 2024)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gabriela Grillo |url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/11341 |website=olympedia.org |access-date=25 March 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Tönjes| first = Jan| url = https://www.st-georg.de/news/pferde-und-leute/gabriela-grillo-lebt-nicht-mehr-dressur-mannschaftsolympiasiegerin-wurde-71-jahre-alt/| title = Gabriela Grillo lebt nicht mehr, Dressur-Mannschaftsolympiasiegerin wurde 71 Jahre alt| website = st-georg.de| date = 27 February 2024| language = de| access-date = 25 March 2024}}</ref>

* 1952 &ndash; [[Jimmy Watson (ice hockey)|Jimmy Watson]], Canadian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=Jimmy Watson |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/jimmy-watson-8452319 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1954]] &ndash; [[Oscar Larrauri]], Argentinian racing driver

*[[1954]] &ndash; [[Oscar Larrauri]], Argentinian racing driver

*[[1955]] &ndash; [[Mary-Anne Fahey]], Australian actress

*[[1955]] &ndash; [[Mary-Anne Fahey]], Australian actress

* 1955 &ndash; [[Peter Gallagher]], American actor

* 1955 &ndash; [[Peter Gallagher]], American actor<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1955 &ndash; [[Patricia Scotland, Baroness Scotland of Asthal]], [[Dominica]]-born English lawyer and politician, [[Attorney General for England and Wales]]

* 1955 &ndash; [[Patricia Scotland, Baroness Scotland of Asthal]], [[Dominica]]-born English lawyer and politician, [[Attorney General for England and Wales]]

* 1955 &ndash; [[Ned Yost]], American baseball player and manager

* 1955 &ndash; [[Ned Yost]], American baseball player and manager

*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Adam Arkin]], American actor, director, and producer

*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Adam Arkin]], American actor, director, and producer<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1956 &ndash; [[José Rubén Zamora]], Guatemalan journalist

* 1956 &ndash; [[José Rubén Zamora]], Guatemalan journalist

*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Paul-Jan Bakker]], Dutch cricketer

*[[1957]] &ndash; [[Paul-Jan Bakker]], Dutch cricketer

* 1957 &ndash; [[Gary Chapman (musician)|Gary Chapman]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist

* 1957 &ndash; [[Gary Chapman (musician)|Gary Chapman]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1957 &ndash; [[Martin Donovan]], American actor and director

* 1957 &ndash; [[Martin Donovan]], American actor and director<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1957 &ndash; [[Ian Gould]], English cricketer and umpire

* 1957 &ndash; [[Ian Gould]], English cricketer and umpire

* 1957 &ndash; [[Cesare Prandelli]], Italian footballer and manager

* 1957 &ndash; [[Cesare Prandelli]], Italian footballer and manager

Line 211: Line 217:

* 1958 &ndash; [[Brendan Nelson]], Australian physician and politician, 47th [[Minister for Defence (Australia)|Minister for Defence for Australia]]

* 1958 &ndash; [[Brendan Nelson]], Australian physician and politician, 47th [[Minister for Defence (Australia)|Minister for Defence for Australia]]

* 1958 &ndash; [[Rick Snyder]], American politician and businessman, 48th [[Governor of Michigan]]

* 1958 &ndash; [[Rick Snyder]], American politician and businessman, 48th [[Governor of Michigan]]

* 1958 &ndash; [[Darryl Sutter]], Canadian ice hockey player and coach<ref>{{cite web |title=Darryl Sutter |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/darryl-sutter-8451801 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Chris Mortimer]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chris Mortimer - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/chris-mortimer/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

*[[1959]] &ndash; [[Chris Mortimer]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chris Mortimer - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/chris-mortimer/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

* 1959 &ndash; [[Ivan Neville]], American singer-songwriter<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1959 &ndash; [[Ricky Pierce]], American basketball player

* 1959 &ndash; [[Ricky Pierce]], American basketball player

*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Morten Andersen]], Danish-American football player

*[[1960]] &ndash; [[Morten Andersen]], Danish-American football player

* 1960 &ndash; [[Ron Darling]], American baseball player and commentator<ref>{{cite web |title=Ron Darling |url=https://www.mlb.com/player/ron-darling-113054 |publisher=[[Major League Baseball]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Coe]], English author and academic<ref>{{cite book|title=Debrett's People of Today 2005|year=2005 |edition=18th|isbn=1-870520-10-6|publisher=[[Debrett's]]|page=329}}</ref>

*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Jonathan Coe]], English author and academic<ref>{{cite book|title=Debrett's People of Today 2005|year=2005 |edition=18th|isbn=1-870520-10-6|publisher=[[Debrett's]]|page=329}}</ref>

*[[1963]] &ndash; [[John Stamos]], American actor<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.biography.com/people/john-stamos-10073503|title=John Stamos Biography: Drummer, Film Actor, Television Actor, Singer (1963–)|publisher= [[Biography.com]] ([[FYI (TV network)|FYI]] / [[A&E Networks]])| access-date= June 23, 2016}}</ref>

*[[1963]] &ndash; [[John Stamos]], American actor<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.biography.com/people/john-stamos-10073503|title=John Stamos Biography: Drummer, Film Actor, Television Actor, Singer (1963–)|publisher= [[Biography.com]] ([[FYI (TV network)|FYI]] / [[A&E Networks]])| access-date= June 23, 2016}}</ref>

*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Kevin Dillon]], American actor

*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Kevin Dillon]], American actor<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1965 &ndash; [[Kyra Sedgwick]], American actress and producer

* 1965 &ndash; [[Kyra Sedgwick]], American actress and producer<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1965 &ndash; [[James Tomkins (rower)|James Tomkins]], Australian rower<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/james-tomkins|title=James Tomkins|website=IOC|access-date=January 12, 2021}}</ref>

* 1965 &ndash; [[James Tomkins (rower)|James Tomkins]], Australian rower<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/james-tomkins|title=James Tomkins|website=IOC|access-date=January 12, 2021}}</ref>

*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Lee Ann Womack]], American singer-songwriter

*[[1966]] &ndash; [[Lee Ann Womack]], American singer-songwriter<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Khandro Rinpoche]], Indian spiritual leader

*[[1967]] &ndash; [[Khandro Rinpoche]], Indian spiritual leader

* 1967 &ndash; [[Satya Nadella]], Indian-American business executive, Chairman and CEO of [[Microsoft]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Satya Nadella {{!}} Biography & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Satya-Nadella|access-date=2021-10-27|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref>

* 1967 &ndash; [[Satya Nadella]], Indian-American business executive, Chairman and CEO of [[Microsoft]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Satya Nadella {{!}} Biography & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Satya-Nadella|access-date=2021-10-27|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref>

* 1969 &ndash; [[Douglas Allen Tunstall Jr.]], American professional wrestler and politician<ref>{{cite AV media | date=2008 | title=[[A Man Among Giants]] | medium=Documentary | publisher=[[Rod Webber|Rod Webber Productions]]|minutes=1:28}}</ref>

* 1969 &ndash; [[Douglas Allen Tunstall Jr.]], American professional wrestler and politician<ref>{{cite AV media | date=2008 | title=[[A Man Among Giants]] | medium=Documentary | publisher=[[Rod Webber|Rod Webber Productions]]|minutes=1:28}}</ref>

*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Nate Dogg]], American rapper (d. 2011)

*[[1969]] &ndash; [[Nate Dogg]], American rapper (d. 2011)

* 1969 &ndash; [[Matthew Perry]], American actor, producer, and screenwriter

* 1969 &ndash; [[Matthew Perry]], American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2023)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Koseluk |first1=Chris |title=Matthew Perry, the Sweet and Snarky Chandler on 'Friends, Dies at 54 |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/matthew-perry-dead-friends-1235630953/ |website=The Hollywood Reporter |access-date=29 October 2023 |date=29 October 2023}}</ref>

* 1969 &ndash; [[Kazuyoshi Tatsunami]], Japanese baseball player and coach

* 1969 &ndash; [[Kazuyoshi Tatsunami]], Japanese baseball player and coach

* 1969 &ndash; [[Clay Walker]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gazettereview.com/2016/10/happened-clay-walker-news-updates/|title=What Happened to Clay Walker-News & Updates|last=Carter|first=Brooke|date=2016-10-17|website=Gazette Review|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-17}}</ref>

* 1969 &ndash; [[Clay Walker]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gazettereview.com/2016/10/happened-clay-walker-news-updates/|title=What Happened to Clay Walker-News & Updates|last=Carter|first=Brooke|date=2016-10-17|website=Gazette Review|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-17}}</ref>

*[[1970]] &ndash; [[Fat Joe]], American rapper<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1971]] &ndash; [[Mary Joe Fernández]], Dominican-American tennis player and coach

*[[1971]] &ndash; [[Mary Joe Fernández]], Dominican-American tennis player and coach

* 1971 &ndash; [[João Vieira Pinto]], Portuguese footballer

* 1971 &ndash; [[João Vieira Pinto]], Portuguese footballer

Line 232: Line 242:

* 1972 &ndash; [[Chihiro Yonekura]], Japanese singer-songwriter

* 1972 &ndash; [[Chihiro Yonekura]], Japanese singer-songwriter

*[[1973]] &ndash; [[Marco Materazzi]], Italian footballer and manager

*[[1973]] &ndash; [[Marco Materazzi]], Italian footballer and manager

* 1973 &ndash; [[Tasma Walton]], Australian actress<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.panscript.com.au/birthdays.html |title=Panscript |publisher=Panscript |access-date=2010-09-01}}</ref>

* 1973 &ndash; [[Roy Rogers (basketball)|Roy Rogers]], American basketball player and coach<ref>{{cite web |title=Roy Rogers |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/player/_/id/733/roy-rogers |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

* 1973 &ndash; [[Tasma Walton]], Australian actress<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.panscript.com.au/birthdays.html |title=Panscript |publisher=Panscript |access-date=2010-09-01 |archive-date=2018-03-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311205908/http://panscript.com.au/birthdays.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

*[[1975]] &ndash; [[Tracie Thoms]], American actress<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Régine Chassagne]], Canadian singer-songwriter

*[[1976]] &ndash; [[Régine Chassagne]], Canadian singer-songwriter

*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Iban Mayo]], Spanish cyclist

*[[1977]] &ndash; [[Iban Mayo]], Spanish cyclist

*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Chris Capuano]], American baseball player

*[[1978]] &ndash; [[Chris Capuano]], American baseball player

* 1978 &ndash; [[Jakub Dvorský]], Czech game designer <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://alternativemagazineonline.co.uk/2009/11/24/interview-in-conversation-with-jakub-dvorsky-founder-of-amanita-design-and-creator-of-machinarium/|title = INTERVIEW – in Conversation with Jakub Dvorsky, Founder of Amanita Design and Creator of Machinarium|date = November 24, 2009}}</ref>

* 1978 &ndash; [[Thomas Jones (American football)|Thomas Jones]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Thomas Jones |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/2138/thomas-jones |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1979]] &ndash; [[Oumar Kondé]], Swiss footballer

*[[1979]] &ndash; [[Oumar Kondé]], Swiss footballer

*[[1980]] &ndash; [[Darius Campbell]], Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (d. 2022)

*[[1980]] &ndash; [[Darius Campbell]], Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (d. 2022)

Line 243: Line 257:

* 1980 &ndash; [[Michael Todd (musician)|Michael Todd]], American bass player

* 1980 &ndash; [[Michael Todd (musician)|Michael Todd]], American bass player

*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Nick Kennedy]], English rugby player

*[[1981]] &ndash; [[Nick Kennedy]], English rugby player

* 1981 &ndash; [[Taylor Pyatt]], Canadian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=Taylor Pyatt |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/taylor-pyatt-8467881 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

* 1981 &ndash; [[Percy Watson]], American football player and wrestler

* 1981 &ndash; [[Percy Watson]], American football player and wrestler

*[[1982]] &ndash; [[Erika Christensen]], American actress<ref name="AP">{{cite web |last1=Rose |first1=Mike |title=Today's famous birthdays list for August 19, 2022 includes celebrities John Stamos, Matthew Perry |url=https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2022/08/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-august-19-2022-includes-celebrities-john-stamos-matthew-perry.html |website=[[The Plain Dealer]] |publisher=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=17 August 2023 |date=19 August 2022}}</ref>

*[[1982]] &ndash; [[J. J. Hardy]], American baseball player

* 1982 &ndash; [[Melissa Fumero]], American actress<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1982 &ndash; [[J. J. Hardy]], American baseball player

* 1982 &ndash; [[Kevin Rans]], Belgian pole vaulter

* 1982 &ndash; [[Kevin Rans]], Belgian pole vaulter

* 1982 &ndash; [[Stipe Miocic]], American professional mixed martial artist

* 1982 &ndash; [[Stipe Miocic]], American professional mixed martial artist

* 1982 &ndash; [[Steve Ott]], Canadian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=Steve Ott |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/steve-ott-8468505 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Mike Conway]], English racing driver

*[[1983]] &ndash; [[Mike Conway]], English racing driver

* 1983 &ndash; [[Missy Higgins]], Australian singer-songwriter

* 1983 &ndash; [[Missy Higgins]], Australian singer-songwriter

* 1983 &ndash; [[Tammin Sursok]], South African-Australian actress and singer<ref name="AP"></ref>

*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Simon Bird]], English actor and screenwriter

*[[1984]] &ndash; [[Simon Bird]], English actor and screenwriter

* 1984 &ndash; [[Alessandro Matri]], Italian footballer

* 1984 &ndash; [[Alessandro Matri]], Italian footballer

Line 256: Line 275:

*[[1986]] &ndash; [[Sotiris Balafas]], Greek footballer

*[[1986]] &ndash; [[Sotiris Balafas]], Greek footballer

* 1986 &ndash; [[Saori Kimura]], Japanese volleyball player

* 1986 &ndash; [[Saori Kimura]], Japanese volleyball player

* 1986 &ndash; [[Christina Perri]], American singer and songwriter

* 1986 &ndash; [[Christina Perri]], American singer and songwriter<ref name="UPI"></ref>

*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Patrick Chung]], Jamaican-American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Patrick Chung |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/12527/patrick-chung |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Nick Driebergen]], Dutch swimmer

* 1987 &ndash; [[Nick Driebergen]], Dutch swimmer

* 1987 &ndash; [[Nico Hülkenberg]], German racing driver

* 1987 &ndash; [[Nico Hülkenberg]], German racing driver

*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Veronica Roth]], American author<ref>{{cite web|url=https://locusmag.com/2020/07/veronica-roth-chosen-one/|title=Veronica Roth Chosen One|website=Locus|date=20 July 2020|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>

*[[1988]] &ndash; [[Kirk Cousins]], American football player<ref>{{cite web |title=Kirk Cousins |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/player/_/id/14880/kirk-cousins |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

* 1989 &ndash; [[Romeo Miller]], American basketball player, rapper, actor<ref>{{cite book|author=Cherie D. Abbey|title=Biography Today: Profiles of People of Interest to Young Readers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QbsvbCDufEQC|year=2006|publisher=Omnigraphics|isbn=978-0-7808-0815-7|page=318}}</ref>

* 1988 &ndash; [[Veronica Roth]], American author<ref>{{cite web|url=https://locusmag.com/2020/07/veronica-roth-chosen-one/|title=Veronica Roth Chosen One|website=Locus|date=20 July 2020|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>

*[[1989]] &ndash; [[Romeo Miller]], American basketball player, rapper, actor<ref>{{cite book|author=Cherie D. Abbey|title=Biography Today: Profiles of People of Interest to Young Readers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QbsvbCDufEQC|year=2006|publisher=Omnigraphics|isbn=978-0-7808-0815-7|page=318}}</ref>

*[[1990]] &ndash; [[Danny Galbraith]], Scottish footballer

*[[1990]] &ndash; [[Danny Galbraith]], Scottish footballer

*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Salem Al-Dawsari]], Saudi Arabian footballer<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/salem-al-dawsari/197872/|title=Salem Al Dawsari|website=Soccerway|access-date=22 November 2022}}</ref>

*[[1991]] &ndash; [[Salem Al-Dawsari]], Saudi Arabian footballer<ref>{{cite web|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/salem-al-dawsari/197872/|title=Salem Al Dawsari|website=Soccerway|access-date=22 November 2022}}</ref>

*[[1992]] &ndash; [[David Rittich]], Czech ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web |title=David Rittich |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/david-rittich-8479496 |publisher=[[National Hockey League]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Nafissatou Thiam]], Belgian pentathlete and heptathlete<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/belgium/nafissatou-thiam-14428253|title=Nafissatou Thiam profile|website=World Athletics|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>

*[[1994]] &ndash; [[Nafissatou Thiam]], Belgian pentathlete and heptathlete<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldathletics.org/athletes/belgium/nafissatou-thiam-14428253|title=Nafissatou Thiam profile|website=World Athletics|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>

* 1994 &ndash; [[Fernando Gaviria]], Colombian cyclist<ref>{{cite web|title=Fernando Gaviria Rendon|url=http://www.cyclingarchives.com/coureurfiche.php?coureurid=79781|publisher=Cycling Archive|access-date=19 September 2018}}</ref>

* 1994 &ndash; [[Fernando Gaviria]], Colombian cyclist<ref>{{cite web|title=Fernando Gaviria Rendon|url=http://www.cyclingarchives.com/coureurfiche.php?coureurid=79781|publisher=Cycling Archive|access-date=19 September 2018}}</ref>

* [[1996]] &ndash; [[Yerin (entertainer)|Jung Ye-rin]], South Korean singer and actress<ref>{{cite web |date=August 2, 2015 |title=[스타의 보물SONG]'여친소' 화제의 걸그룹 '여자친구'의 자기소개 |url=http://www.sportsseoul.com/news/read/270395 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20160308164030/http://www.sportsseoul.com/news/read/270395 |archive-date=March 8, 2016 |access-date=February 25, 2020 |publisher=Sports Seoul |language=ko}}</ref>

*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Yerin (entertainer)|Jung Ye-rin]], South Korean singer and actress<ref>{{cite web |date=August 2, 2015 |title=[스타의 보물SONG]'여친소' 화제의 걸그룹 '여자친구'의 자기소개 |url=http://www.sportsseoul.com/news/read/270395 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20160308164030/http://www.sportsseoul.com/news/read/270395 |archive-date=March 8, 2016 |access-date=February 25, 2020 |publisher=Sports Seoul |language=ko}}</ref>

*1996 &ndash; [[Lachlan Lewis]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lachlan Lewis - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/lachlan-lewis/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

* 1996 &ndash; [[Lachlan Lewis]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lachlan Lewis - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/lachlan-lewis/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

*[[1999]] &ndash; [[Thomas Flegler]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thomas Flegler - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/thomas-flegler/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

*[[1999]] &ndash; [[Ethan Cutkosky]], American actor and musician<ref name="AP"></ref>

* 1999 &ndash; [[Thomas Flegler]], Australian rugby league player<ref>{{Cite web|title=Thomas Flegler - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project|url=http://www.rugbyleagueproject.org/players/thomas-flegler/summary.html|access-date=2021-09-17|website=www.rugbyleagueproject.org}}</ref>

*[[2000]] &ndash; [[Keegan Murray]], American basketball player<ref>{{cite web |title=Keegan Murray |url=https://www.espn.com/nba/player/_/id/4594327/keegan-murray |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Awak Kuier]], Finnish basketball player<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fiba.basketball/womenseurobasket/2021/qualifiers/player/Awak-Kuier|title=Awak Kuier|publisher=[[International Basketball Federation]]|access-date=October 1, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wnba.com/news/five-things-to-know-about-awak-kuier/amp/|title=Five Things to Know About Awak Kuier|first=Brian|last=Martin|publisher=[[WNBA]]|access-date=October 1, 2021}}</ref>

*[[2001]] &ndash; [[Awak Kuier]], Finnish basketball player<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fiba.basketball/womenseurobasket/2021/qualifiers/player/Awak-Kuier|title=Awak Kuier|publisher=[[International Basketball Federation]]|access-date=October 1, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wnba.com/news/five-things-to-know-about-awak-kuier/amp/|title=Five Things to Know About Awak Kuier|first=Brian|last=Martin|publisher=[[WNBA]]|access-date=October 1, 2021}}</ref>

<!--Do not add people without Wikipedia articles to this list. Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.-->

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*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Harald Kaarmann]], Estonian footballer (b. 1901)

*[[1942]] &ndash; [[Harald Kaarmann]], Estonian footballer (b. 1901)

* 1942 &ndash; [[Heinrich Rauchinger]], Kraków-born painter (b. 1858)<ref>{{cite book|author=W. Aichelburg|chapter=Rauchinger Heinrich, Maler|chapter-url=https://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl_8/438.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl_8/438.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=[[Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950]]|language=de|volume=8|page=438|access-date=Nov 23, 2020}}</ref>

* 1942 &ndash; [[Heinrich Rauchinger]], Kraków-born painter (b. 1858)<ref>{{cite book|author=W. Aichelburg|chapter=Rauchinger Heinrich, Maler|chapter-url=https://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl_8/438.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl_8/438.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=[[Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950]]|language=de|volume=8|page=438|access-date=Nov 23, 2020}}</ref>

*[[1944]] &ndash; [[Henry Wood]], English conductor (b. 1869)<ref>{{cite web |last1=van der Pas |first1=Natasha |title=The enduring legacy of Proms co-founder Sir Henry Wood |url=https://www.royalalberthall.com/about-the-hall/news/2014/august/the-enduring-legacy-of-proms-co-founder-sir-henry-wood/#:~:text=Wood%20passed%20away%20on%2019,orchestral%20concerts%20in%20the%20world. |website=Royal Albert Hall |access-date=6 August 2023}}</ref>

*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Tomás Burgos]], Chilean philanthropist (b. 1875)

*[[1945]] &ndash; [[Tomás Burgos]], Chilean philanthropist (b. 1875)

*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Giorgi]], Italian physicist and engineer (b. 1871)

*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Giorgi]], Italian physicist and engineer (b. 1871)

Line 361: Line 386:

*[[2019]] &ndash; [[Lars Larsen (entrepreneur)|Lars Larsen]], Danish businessman and billionaire, founder and owner of the Danish retail chain [[JYSK]] (b. 1948)<ref name="bloo_Bill">{{Cite web |title=Billionaire Lars Larsen, Founder of Retail Chain Jysk, Has Died |work=Bloomberg.com |date=19 August 2019 |access-date=19 August 2019 |author=Morten Buttler |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-19/billionaire-lars-larsen-founder-of-retail-chain-jysk-has-died}}</ref>

*[[2019]] &ndash; [[Lars Larsen (entrepreneur)|Lars Larsen]], Danish businessman and billionaire, founder and owner of the Danish retail chain [[JYSK]] (b. 1948)<ref name="bloo_Bill">{{Cite web |title=Billionaire Lars Larsen, Founder of Retail Chain Jysk, Has Died |work=Bloomberg.com |date=19 August 2019 |access-date=19 August 2019 |author=Morten Buttler |url= https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-19/billionaire-lars-larsen-founder-of-retail-chain-jysk-has-died}}</ref>

*[[2021]] &ndash; [[Sonny Chiba]], Japanese actor (b. 1939)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Grater|first=Tom|date=2021-08-19|title=Sonny Chiba Dies: 'Kill Bill' Actor & Martial Arts Legend Was 82|url=https://deadline.com/2021/08/sonny-chiba-dies-kill-bill-actor-martial-artist-82-1234817875/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820095957/https://deadline.com/2021/08/sonny-chiba-dies-kill-bill-actor-martial-artist-82-1234817875/|archive-date=2021-08-20|access-date=2021-08-21|website=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref>

*[[2021]] &ndash; [[Sonny Chiba]], Japanese actor (b. 1939)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Grater|first=Tom|date=2021-08-19|title=Sonny Chiba Dies: 'Kill Bill' Actor & Martial Arts Legend Was 82|url=https://deadline.com/2021/08/sonny-chiba-dies-kill-bill-actor-martial-artist-82-1234817875/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210820095957/https://deadline.com/2021/08/sonny-chiba-dies-kill-bill-actor-martial-artist-82-1234817875/|archive-date=2021-08-20|access-date=2021-08-21|website=Deadline|language=en-US}}</ref>

*[[2023]] &ndash; [[Václav Patejdl]], Slovak musician (b. 1954)<ref>{{cite web |title=OBROVSKÝ SMÚTOK V HUDOBNOM SVETE: ZOMREL VAŠO PATEJDL |url=https://www.teraz.sk/slovensko/zomrel-hudobnik-vaso-patejdl/735467-clanok.html |website=TERAZ.sk |access-date=21 August 2023 |language=sk |date=19 August 2023}}</ref>

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Latest revision as of 07:55, 20 May 2024

<< August >>
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2024
August 19 in recent years
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  2016 (Friday)
  2015 (Wednesday)
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August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 134 days remain until the end of the year.

Events[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

1601–1900[edit]

1901–present[edit]

Births[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

1601–1900[edit]

1901–present[edit]

Deaths[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

1601–1900[edit]

1901–present[edit]

Holidays and observances[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Sabine G. Oswalt (1969). Concise Encyclopedia of Greek and Roman Mythology. Collins. p. 296. ISBN 9780695861094.
  • ^ Renaissance Society of America (1 January 1993). The Italian Renaissance. University of Toronto Press. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-8020-7735-6.
  • ^ Tony Jaques (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 536. ISBN 978-0-313-33538-9.
  • ^ Henry Ellis (1846). To 1572. R. Bentley. p. 318.
  • ^ Duffy, Christopher (2013). Siege Warfare: The Fortress in the Early Modern World 1494–1660 Volume 1 of Siege warfare. Routledge. p. 89. ISBN 9781136607875.
  • ^ Barton, H. Arnold (1972). "Gustav III of Sweden and the Enlightenment". Eighteenth-Century Studies. 6 (1): 11. doi:10.2307/3031560. JSTOR 3031560.
  • ^ Khadzhiev, Georgi (1992). "The Transfiguration Uprising and the 'Strandzha Commune': The First Libertarian Commune in Bulgaria". Националното освобождение и безвластният федерализъм [National Liberation and Libertarian Federalism] (in Bulgarian). Translated by Firth, Will. Sofia: Artizdat-5. pp. 99–148. OCLC 27030696.
  • ^ Indianapolis Medical Journal. 1922. p. 151.
  • ^ Nicolas Werth, Karel Bartošek, Jean-Louis Panné, Jean-Louis Margolin, Andrzej Paczkowski, Stéphane Courtois, The Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, Repression, Harvard University Press, 1999, hardcover, 858 pages, ISBN 0-674-07608-7.
  • ^ Babeș, Adina; Florian, Alexandru (2014). "The beginning of war in the East and hastening the approaches against the Jewish population". Holocaust. Studii și cercetări (7): 30–44.
  • ^ Haine, Edgar A. (1993). Railroad Wrecks. Associated University Presses. p. 182. ISBN 978-0-8453-4844-4.
  • ^ Shapiro, Edward S. (2002). "Interpretations of the Crown Heights Riot". American Jewish History.
  • ^ Report of the Security Council: 1 August 2013 - 31 July 2014. United Nations. 2014. p. 72.
  • ^ "Suicide bombing of No 2 Egged bus in Jerusalem-19-Aug-2003". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  • ^ "Google Fast Facts". CNN. 30 June 2014. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
  • ^ Dissertation Abstracts. University Microfilms. September 1955. p. 2519.
  • ^ Iñigo López de Mendoza Santillana (marqués de) (1927). Letter of the Marquis of Santillana to Don Peter, Constable of Portugal. Clarendon Press. p. 15.
  • ^ Willi Apel (1990). Italian Violin Music of the Seventeenth Century. Indiana University Press. p. 19. ISBN 0-253-30683-3.
  • ^ "Elizabeth Stuart | Facts, Family, & Queen of Bohemia | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  • ^ Joannes Fijt at the Netherlands Institute for Art History (in Dutch)
  • ^ John Richetti (5 September 1996). The Cambridge Companion to the Eighteenth-Century Novel. Cambridge University Press. p. 92. ISBN 978-0-521-42945-0.
  • ^ Erhard Breitner (1938). Madame Du Barry. Cobden-Sanderson. p. 1.
  • ^ Companion to the Almanac, Or Yearbook of General Information for ... p. 76.
  • ^ Derby, George; White, James Terry (1910). The National Cyclopædia of American Biography: Being the History of the United States as Illustrated in the Lives of the Founders, Builders, and Defenders of the Republic, and of the Men and Women who are Doing the Work and Moulding the Thought of the Present Time. Vol. 14 (Public domain ed.). J. T. White. pp. 154–.
  • ^ le Lièvre, Audrey (2004). "Willmott, Ellen Ann (1858–1934), horticulturist". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/48838. Retrieved 2019-08-12. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  • ^ Arthur George Renstrom (2003). Wilbur & Orville Wright: A Reissue of a Chronology Commemorating the Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of Orville Wright, August 19, 1871. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of External Relations, NASA History Office, NASA Headquarters. p. 1. ISBN 9781467941402.
  • ^ The Strad. Orpheus. 1981. p. 259.
  • ^ Amy De la Haye; Shelley Tobin (1994). Chanel: The Couturiere at Work. Victoria & Albert Museum. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-85177-119-6.
  • ^ Whitman, Alden, ed. (1985). American Reformers: An H.W. Wilson Biographical Dictionary. New York: H.W. Wilson Company. p. 460. ISBN 9780824207052.
  • ^ Lehman, David (2006). The Oxford Book of American Poetry. Oxford University Press. p. 475. ISBN 978-0-19-516251-6.
  • ^ Aldridge, John W. (July 3, 1983). "NOVELIST OF POWER AND PRIVILEGE". The New York Times.
  • ^ Donald G. Godfrey (2001). Philo T. Farnsworth: The Father of Television. University of Utah Press. pp. 8–9. ISBN 978-0-87480-675-5.
  • ^ Catholic Association of Bombay (1964). Indian Catholic Reference Book. A.W. Menezes. p. 74.
  • ^ "Herb Narvo". NRL Hall of Fame. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  • ^ "Fumio Hayasaka". BFI. Archived from the original on July 20, 2016. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  • ^ Morton, James (13 December 2005). "Obituary: Dame Rose Heilbron". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  • ^ a b c d e f g "Famous birthdays for Aug. 19: John Stamos, Bill Clinton". UPI. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  • ^ "Jack Holland - Career Stats & Summary - Rugby League Project". www.rugbyleagueproject.org. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
  • ^ "Edgar F. Codd - A.M. Turing Award Laureate". amturing.acm.org. Retrieved 2022-08-19.
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  • External links[edit]


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