Contents

January 2

January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian calendar; 363 days remain until the end of the year (364 in leap years).

Events[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

• 69 – The Roman legionsinGermania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor.^[1]
• 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empire.^[2]
• 533 – Mercurius becomes Pope John II, the first pope to adopt a new name upon elevation to the papacy.^[3]
• 1492 – Reconquista: The Emirate of Granada, the last Moorish stronghold in Spain, surrenders.^[4]

1601–1900[edit]

• 1680 – Trunajaya rebellion: Amangkurat II of Mataram and his bodyguards execute the rebel leader Trunajaya.^[5]
• 1777 – American Revolutionary War: American forces under the command of George Washington repulsed a British attack at the Battle of the Assunpink Creek near Trenton, New Jersey.^[6]
• 1788 – Georgia becomes the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution.^[7]
• 1791 – Big Bottom massacre in the Ohio Country, North America, marking the beginning of the Northwest Indian War.^[8]
• 1818 – The British Institution of Civil Engineers is founded by a group of six engineers; Thomas Telford would later become its first president.^[9]
• 1865 – Uruguayan War: The Siege of Paysandú ends as the Brazilians and Coloradans capture Paysandú, Uruguay.^[10]
• 1900 – American statesman and diplomat John Hay announces the Open Door Policy to promote trade with China.^[11]
• 1900 – Chicago Canal opens.^[12]

1901–present[edit]

• 1920 – The second Palmer Raid, ordered by the US Department of Justice, results in 6,000 suspected communists and anarchists being arrested and held without trial.^[13]
• 1921 – World premiere of the science fiction play R.U.R. by the Czech writer Karel Čapek in a theater in Hradec Králové.^[14]
• 1941 – World War II: The Cardiff Blitz severely damages the cathedralinCardiff, Wales.^[15]
• 1942 – The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) obtains the conviction of 33 members of a German spy ring headed by Fritz Joubert Duquesne in the largest espionage case in United States history; Also known as the Duquesne Spy Ring.^[16]
• 1942 – World War II: Manila is captured by Japanese forces, enabling them to control the Philippines.^[17]
• 1949 – Luis Muñoz Marín is inaugurated as the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico.^[18]
• 1954 – India establishes its highest civilian awards, the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan.^[19]
• 1955 – Following the assassination of the Panamanian president José Antonio Remón Cantera, his deputy, José Ramón Guizado, takes power, but is quickly deposed after his involvement in Cantera's death is discovered.^[20]
• 1959 – Luna 1, the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon and to orbit the Sun, is launched by the Soviet Union.^[21]
• 1963 – Vietnam War: The Viet Cong wins its first major victory, at the Battle of Ap Bac.^[22]
• 1967 – Ronald Reagan, past movie actor and future President of the United States, is sworn in as Governor of California.^[23]
• 1971 – The second Ibrox disaster kills 66 fans at a Rangers-Celtic association football (soccer) match.^[24]
• 1974 – United States President Richard Nixon signs a bill lowering the maximum U.S. speed limit to 55 mph in order to conserve gasoline during an OPEC embargo.^[25]
• 1975 – At the opening of a new railway line, a bomb blast at Samastipur, Bihar, India, fatally wounds Lalit Narayan Mishra, Minister of Railways.^[26]
• 1975 – The Federal Rules of Evidence are approved by the United States Congress.^[27]
• 1976 – The Gale of January 1976 begins, resulting in coastal flooding around the southern North Sea coasts, affecting countries from IrelandtoYugoslavia and causing at least 82 deaths and US$1.3 billion in damage.^[28]
• 1978 – On the orders of the President of Pakistan, Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, paramilitary forces opened fire on peaceful protesting workers in Multan, Pakistan; it is known as 1978 massacre at Multan Colony Textile Mills.^[29]
• 1981 – One of the largest investigations by a British police force ends when serial killer Peter Sutcliffe, the "Yorkshire Ripper", is arrested in Sheffield, South Yorkshire.^[30]
• 1988 – Condor Flugdienst Flight 3782 crashes near Seferihisar, Turkey, killing 16 people.^[31]
• 1991 – Sharon Pratt Dixon becomes the first African American woman mayor of a major city and first woman Mayor of the District of Columbia.^[32]
• 1993 – Sri Lankan Civil War: The Sri Lanka Navy kill 35–100 civilians on the Jaffna Lagoon.^[33]
• 2004 – Stardust successfully flies past Comet Wild 2, collecting samples that are returned to Earth.^[34]
• 2019 – Adventist Health System and its subsidiaries rebranded to AdventHealth.^[35][36]
• 2022 – Massive nationwide protests and unrest break out in Kazakhstan over the sudden increase of liquefied petroleum gas prices, leaving over 200 people dead and thousands injured.^[37]
• 2024 – Two aircraft collide on a runwayatHaneda AirportinTokyo, killing 5 and injuring 15.^[38]

Births[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

• 869 – Yōzei, Japanese emperor (d. 949)^[39]
• 1462 – Piero di Cosimo, Italian painter (d. 1522)^[40]
• 1509 – Henry of Stolberg, German nobleman (d. 1572)^[41]

1601–1900[edit]

• 1642 – Mehmed IV, Ottoman sultan (d. 1693)^[42]
• 1647 – Nathaniel Bacon, English-American rebel leader (d. 1676)^[43]
• 1699 – Osman III, Ottoman sultan (d. 1757)^[44]
• 1713 – Marie Dumesnil, French actress (d. 1803)^[45]
• 1727 – James Wolfe, English general (d. 1759)^[46]
• 1732 – František Brixi, Czech organist and composer (d. 1771)^[47]
• 1777 – Christian Daniel Rauch, German sculptor and educator (d. 1857)^[48]
• 1803 – Guglielmo Libri Carucci dalla Sommaja, Italian mathematician and academic (d. 1869)^[49]
• 1822 – Rudolf Clausius, Polish-German physicist and mathematician (d. 1888)^[50]
• 1827 – Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, Russian geographer and statistician (d. 1914)^[51]
• 1833 – Frederick A. Johnson, American banker and politician (d. 1893)^[52]
• 1836 – Mendele Mocher Sforim, Russian author (d. 1917)^[53]
• 1836 – Queen Emma of Hawaii (d. 1885)^[54]
• 1837 – Mily Balakirev, Russian pianist and composer (d. 1910)^[55]
• 1857 – M. Carey Thomas, American educator and activist (d. 1935)^[56]
• 1860 – Dugald Campbell Patterson, Canadian engineer (d. 1931)^[57]
• 1860 – William Corless Mills, American historian and curator (d. 1928)^[58]
• 1866 – Gilbert Murray, Australian-English playwright and scholar (d. 1957)^[59]
• 1870 – Ernst Barlach, German sculptor and playwright (d. 1938)^[60]
• 1870 – Tex Rickard, American boxing promoter and businessman (d. 1929)^[61]
• 1873 – Antonie Pannekoek, Dutch astronomer and theorist (d. 1960)^[62]
• 1873 – Thérèse of Lisieux, French nun and saint (d. 1897)^[63]
• 1878 – Jaakko Mäki, Finnish politician (d. 1938)^[64]
• 1878 – Mannathu Padmanabha Pillai, Indian activist, founded the Nair Service Society (d. 1970)^[65]
• 1884 – Ben-Zion Dinur, Russian-Israeli historian and politician, 4th Israeli Minister of Education (d. 1973)^[66]
• 1885 – Gordon Flowerdew, Canadian lieutenant, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1918)^[67]
• 1886 – Apsley Cherry-Garrard, English explorer and author (d. 1959)^[68]
• 1889 – Bertram Stevens, Australian accountant and politician, 25th Premier of New South Wales (d. 1973)^[69]
• 1891 – Giovanni Michelucci, Italian architect and urban planner, designed the Firenze Santa Maria Novella railway station (d. 1990)^[70]
• 1892 – Seiichiro Kashio, Japanese tennis player (d. 1962)^[71]
• 1895 – Folke Bernadotte, Swedish diplomat (d. 1948)^[72]
• 1896 – Dziga Vertov, Polish-Russian director and screenwriter (d. 1954)^[73]
• 1896 – Lawrence Wackett, Australian commander and engineer (d. 1982)^[74]
• 1897 – Theodore Plucknett, English legal historian (d. 1965)^[75]
• 1900 – Una Ledingham, British physician, known for research on diabetes in pregnancy (d. 1965)^[76]

1901–present[edit]

• 1901 – Bob Marshall, American activist, co-founded The Wilderness Society (d. 1939)^[77]
• 1902 – Dan Keating, Irish Republican Army volunteer (d. 2007)^[78]
• 1903 – Kane Tanaka, Japanese Supercentenarian, Oldest Japanese person ever, Second oldest verified person in world history (d. 2022)^[79][80]
• 1904 – Walter Heitler, German physicist and chemist (d. 1981)^[81]
• 1905 – Michael Tippett, English composer and conductor (d. 1998)^[82]
• 1905 – Luigi Zampa, Italian director and screenwriter (d. 1991)^[83]
• 1909 – Riccardo Cassin, Italian mountaineer and author (d. 2009)^[84]
• 1909 – Barry Goldwater, American politician, businessman, and author (d. 1998)^[85]
• 1913 – Juanita Jackson Mitchell, American lawyer and activist (d. 1992)^[86]
• 1913 – Anna Lee, English-American actress (d. 2004)^[87]
• 1917 – Vera Zorina, German-Norwegian actress and dancer (d. 2003)^[88]
• 1918 – Willi Graf, German physician and activist (d. 1943)^[89]
• 1919 – Ernest Bender, American Indologist (d. 1996)^[90]
• 1919 – Beatrice Hicks, American engineer (d. 1979)^[91]
• 1920 (probable) – Isaac Asimov, American writer and professor of biochemistry (d. 1992)^[92]
• 1920 – Bob Feerick, American basketball player and coach (d. 1976)^[93]
• 1921 – Glen Harmon, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2007)^[94]
• 1926 – Gino Marchetti, American football player (d. 2019)^[95]
• 1928 – Dan Rostenkowski, American politician (d. 2010)^[96]
• 1929 – Charles Beaumont, screenwriter and American author of speculative fiction (d. 1967)^[97]
• 1929 – Tellervo Koivisto, Finnish politician, former First Lady of Finland^[98]
• 1931 – Toshiki Kaifu, Japanese lawyer and politician, 76th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2022)^[99]
• 1934 – John Hollowbread, English footballer, goalkeeper (d. 2007)^[100]
• 1936 – Roger Miller, American singer-songwriter, musician, and actor (d. 1992)^[101]
• 1938 – David Bailey, English photographer and painter^[102]
• 1938 – Lynn Conway, American computer scientist and electrical engineer (d. 2024)^[103]
• 1938 – Robert Smithson, American sculptor and photographer (d. 1973)^[104]
• 1940 – Jim Bakker, American televangelist^[105]
• 1940 – Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi Arabian economist and politician, Saudi Arabian Minister of Foreign Affairs (d. 2015)^[106]
• 1942 – Thomas Hammarberg, Swedish lawyer and diplomat^[107]
• 1942 – Dennis Hastert, American educator and politician, 59th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives^[108]
• 1943 – Janet Akyüz Mattei, Turkish-American astronomer (d. 2004)^[109]
• 1944 – Charlie Davis, Trinidadian cricketer^[110]
• 1944 – Péter Eötvös, Hungarian composer and conductor (d. 2024)^[111]
• 1944 – Norodom Ranariddh, Cambodian field marshal and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Cambodia (d. 2021)^[112]
• 1947 – Jack Hanna, American zoologist and author^[113]
• 1947 – Calvin Hill, American football player^[114]
• 1947 – David Shapiro, American poet, historian, and critic^[115] (d. 2024)
• 1948 – Judith Miller, American journalist^[116]
• 1948 – Deborah Watling, English actress (d. 2017)^[117]
• 1949 – Christopher Durang, American playwright and screenwriter^[118] (d. 2024)
• 1949 – Iris Marion Young, American political scientist and academic (d. 2006)^[119]
• 1952 – Indulis Emsis, Latvian biologist and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Latvia^[120]
• 1952 – Wendy Phillips, American actress^[121]
• 1954 – Henry Bonilla, American broadcaster and politician^[122]
• 1954 – Évelyne Trouillot, Haitian playwright and author^[123]
• 1961 – Gabrielle Carteris, American actress^[124]
• 1961 – Paula Hamilton, English model^[125]
• 1961 – Todd Haynes, American film director, screenwriter, and producer^[116]
• 1961 – Craig James, American football player and sportscaster^[126]
• 1961 – Robert Wexler, American lawyer and politician^[127]
• 1963 – David Cone, American baseball player and sportscaster^[128]
• 1963 – Edgar Martínez, American baseball player^[129]
• 1964 – Chris Welp, German-American basketball player (d. 2015)^[130]
• 1964 – Pernell Whitaker, American boxer (d. 2019)^[131]
• 1965 – Francois Pienaar, South African rugby player^[132]
• 1967 – Tia Carrere, American actress^[133]
• 1967 – Jón Gnarr, Icelandic actor and politician; 20th Mayor of Reykjavík^[134]
• 1968 – Cuba Gooding, Jr., American actor and producer^[135]
• 1968 – Anky van Grunsven, Dutch dressage champion^[136]
• 1969 – István Bagyula, Hungarian pole vaulter^[137]
• 1969 – William Fox-Pitt, English horse rider and journalist^[138]
• 1969 – Róbert Švehla, Slovak ice hockey player^[139]
• 1969 – Christy Turlington, American model^[140]
• 1970 – Eric Whitacre, American composer and conductor^[141]
• 1971 – Taye Diggs, American actor and singer^[142]
• 1971 – Renée Elise Goldsberry, American actress^[143]
• 1972 – Rodney MacDonald, Canadian educator and politician, 26th Premier of Nova Scotia^[144]
• 1972 – Shiraz Minwalla, Indian theoretical physicist and string theorist^[145]
• 1972 – Mattias Norström, Swedish ice hockey player and manager^[146]
• 1974 – Ludmila Formanová, Czech runner^[147]
• 1974 – Juha Lind, Finnish ice hockey player^[148]
• 1974 – Tomáš Řepka, Czech footballer^[149]
• 1975 – Dax Shepard, American actor^[150]
• 1975 – Jeff Suppan, American baseball player^[151]
• 1975 – Reuben Thorne, New Zealand rugby player^[152]
• 1976 – Paz Vega, Spanish actress^[121]
• 1977 – Brian Boucher, American ice hockey player and sportscaster^[153]
• 1977 – Stefan Koubek, Austrian tennis player^[154]
• 1979 – Jonathan Greening, English footballer^[155]
• 1980 – David Gyasi, British actor^[156]
• 1981 – Kirk Hinrich, American basketball player^[157]
• 1981 – Maxi Rodríguez, Argentine footballer^[158]
• 1983 – Kate Bosworth, American actress^[159]
• 1983 – Anthony Carrigan, American actor^[121]
• 1987 – Shelley Hennig, American actress and model^[116]
• 1987 – Robert Milsom, English footballer^[155]
• 1988 – Luke Harangody, American basketball player^[160]
• 1988 – Damien Tussac, French-German rugby player^[161]
• 1991 – Ben Hardy, English actor^[162]
• 1992 – Paulo Gazzaniga, Argentine footballer^[100]
• 1992 – Alexey Marchenko, Russian ice hockey player^[163]
• 1992 – Teemu Pulkkinen, Finnish ice hockey player^[164]
• 1992 – Korbin Sims, Australian-Fijian rugby league player^[165]
• 1993 – Bryson Tiller, American singer and rapper^[166]
• 1994 – Ronald Darby, American football player^[167]
• 1996 – Jonah Bolden, Australian-American basketball player^[168]
• 1998 – Tfue, American online streamer^[169]
• 1998 – Timothy Fosu-Mensah, Dutch footballer^[155]
• 1999 – Georgios Kalaitzakis, Greek basketball player^[170]
• 1999 – Fernando Tatís Jr., American baseball player^[171]

Deaths[edit]

Pre-1600[edit]

• 951 – Liu Chengyou, Emperor Yin of the Later Han (b. 931)^[172]
• 951 – Su Fengji, Chinese official and chancellor^[172]
• 1096 – William de St-Calais, Bishop of Durham and chief counsellor of William II of England^[173]
• 1169 – Bertrand de Blanchefort, sixth Grand Master of the Knights Templar (b. c. 1109)^[174]
• 1184 – Theodora Komnene, Duchess of Austria, daughter of Andronikos Komnenos^[175]
• 1298 – Lodomer, Hungarian prelate, Archbishop of Esztergom^[176]
• 1470 – Heinrich Reuß von Plauen, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order^[177]
• 1512 – Svante Nilsson, Sweden politician (b. 1460)^[178]
• 1514 – William Smyth, English bishop and academic (b. 1460)^[179]
• 1543 – Francesco Canova da Milano, Italian composer (b. 1497)^[180]
• 1557 – Pontormo, Italian painter and educator (b. 1494)^[181]

1601–1900[edit]

• 1613 – Salima Sultan Begum, Empress of the Mughal Empire (b. 1539)^[182]
• 1614 – Luisa Carvajal y Mendoza, Spanish mystical poet and Catholic martyr (b. 1566)^[183]
• 1726 – Domenico Zipoli, Italian organist and composer (b. 1688)^[184]
• 1763 – John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English statesman (b. 1690)^[185]
• 1850 – Manuel de la Peña y Peña, Mexican lawyer and 20th President (1847) (b. 1789)^[186]
• 1861 – Frederick William IV of Prussia (b. 1795)^[187]
• 1892 – George Biddell Airy, English mathematician and astronomer (b. 1801)^[188]

1901–present[edit]

• 1904 – James Longstreet, American general and diplomat (b. 1821)^[189]
• 1913 – Léon Teisserenc de Bort, French meteorologist (b. 1855)^[190]
• 1915 – Karl Goldmark, Hungarian violinist and composer (b. 1830)^[66]
• 1917 – Léon Flameng, French cyclist (b. 1877)^[191]
• 1920 – Paul Adam, French author (b. 1862)^[192]
• 1924 – Sabine Baring-Gould, English author and scholar (b. 1834)^[193]
• 1939 – Roman Dmowski, Polish politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1864)^[194]
• 1941 – Mischa Levitzki, Russian-American pianist and composer (b. 1898)^[195]
• 1946 – Joe Darling, Australian cricketer and politician (b. 1870)^[196]
• 1950 – James Dooley, Irish-Australian politician, 21st Premier of New South Wales (b. 1877)^[197]
• 1951 – William Campion, English colonel and politician, 21st Governor of Western Australia (b. 1870)^[198]
• 1951 – Edith New, English militant suffragette (b. 1877)^[199]
• 1953 – Guccio Gucci, Italian businessman and fashion designer, founder of Gucci (b. 1881)^[200]
• 1960 – Paul Sauvé, Canadian lawyer and politician, 17th Premier of Quebec (b. 1907)^[201]
• 1963 – Dick Powell, American actor, singer, and director (b. 1904)^[202]
• 1963 – Jack Carson, Canadian-American actor (b. 1910)^[202]
• 1974 – Tex Ritter, American actor (b. 1905)^[203]
• 1975 – Siraj Sikder, Bangladesh revolutionary leader (b. 1944)^[204]
• 1977 – Erroll Garner, American pianist and composer (b. 1921)^[205]
• 1986 – Una Merkel, American actress (b. 1903)^[206]
• 1987 – Harekrushna Mahatab, Indian journalist and politician, 1st Chief Minister of Odisha (b. 1899)^[207]
• 1989 – Safdar Hashmi, Indian actor, director, and playwright (b. 1954)^[208]
• 1990 – Alan Hale Jr., American film and television actor (b. 1921)^[209]
• 1990 – Evangelos Averoff, Greek historian and politician, Greek Minister for National Defence (b. 1910)^[209]
• 1994 – Dixy Lee Ray, American biologist and politician; 17th Governor of Washington (b. 1914)^[210]
• 1994 – Pierre-Paul Schweitzer, French lawyer and businessman (b. 1915)^[211]
• 1995 – Nancy Kelly, American actress (b. 1921)^[212]
• 1995 – Siad Barre, Somalian general and politician; 3rd President of Somalia (b. 1919)^[213]
• 1999 – Rolf Liebermann, Swiss-French composer and manager (b. 1910)^[214]
• 1999 – Sebastian Haffner, German journalist and author (b. 1907)^[215]
• 2000 – Elmo Zumwalt, American admiral (b. 1920)^[216]
• 2000 – Patrick O'Brian, English author and translator (b. 1914)^[217]
• 2001 – William P. Rogers, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 55th United States Secretary of State (b. 1913)^[218]
• 2005 – Maclyn McCarty, American geneticist and physician (b. 1911)^[219]
• 2006 – Cecilia Muñoz-Palma, Filipino lawyer and jurist (b. 1913)^[220]
• 2006 – Osa Massen, Danish-American actress (b. 1914)^[221]
• 2007 – A. Richard Newton, Australian-American engineer and academic (b. 1951)^[222]
• 2007 – Elizabeth Fox-Genovese, American historian and author (b. 1941)^[223]
• 2007 – Teddy Kollek, Hungarian-Israeli politician, Mayor of Jerusalem (b. 1911)^[224]
• 2008 – George MacDonald Fraser, Scottish journalist and author (b. 1925)^[225]
• 2008 – Lee S. Dreyfus, American politician, Governor of Wisconsin (b. 1926)^[226][227]
• 2009 – Inger Christensen, Danish poet and author (b. 1935)^[228]
• 2010 – David R. Ross, Scottish historian and author (b. 1958)^[229]
• 2011 – Anne Francis, American actress (b. 1930)^[230]
• 2011 – Bali Ram Bhagat, Indian politician; 16th Governor of Rajasthan (b. 1922)^[231]
• 2011 – Pete Postlethwaite, English actor (b. 1946)^[232]
• 2012 – Gordon Hirabayashi, American-Canadian sociologist and academic (b. 1918)^[233]
• 2012 – Silvana Gallardo, American actress and producer (b. 1953)^[234]
• 2012 – William P. Carey, American businessman and philanthropist, founded W. P. Carey (b. 1930)^[235]
• 2013 – Gerda Lerner, Austrian-American historian, author, and academic (b. 1920)^[236]
• 2013 – Teresa Torańska, Polish journalist and author (b. 1944)^[237]
• 2014 – Bernard Glasser, American director and producer (b. 1924)^[238]
• 2014 – Elizabeth Jane Howard, English author and screenwriter (b. 1923)^[239]
• 2015 – Tihomir Novakov, Serbian-American physicist and academic (b. 1929)^[240]
• 2016 – Ardhendu Bhushan Bardhan, Indian lawyer and politician (b. 1924)^[241]
• 2016 – Frances Cress Welsing, American psychiatrist and author (b. 1935)^[242]
• 2016 – Nimr al-Nimr, Saudi Arabian religious leader (b. 1959)^[243]
• 2016 – Gisela Mota Ocampo, mayor of Temixco, Morelos, Mexico, assassinated (b. 1982)^[244]
• 2017 – Jean Vuarnet, French ski racer (b. 1933)^[245]
• 2017 – John Berger, English art critic, novelist and painter (b. 1926)^[246]
• 2018 – Guida Maria, Portuguese actress (b. 1950)^[247]
• 2018 – Thomas S. Monson, American religious leader, 16th president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1927)^[248]
• 2019 – Daryl Dragon, American musician (b. 1942)^[249]
• 2019 – Bob Einstein, American actor and comedian (b. 1942)^[250]
• 2019 – Gene Okerlund, American wrestling announcer (b. 1942)^[251]
• 2022 – Richard Leakey, Kenyan paleontologist and politician (b. 1944)^[252]
• 2023 – Ken Block, American rally driver (b. 1967)^[253]
• 2024 – Rizal Ramli, Indonesian politician (b. 1954)^[254]

Holidays and observances[edit]

• Ancestry Day (Haiti)^[255]
• Berchtold's Day (Switzerland)^[256]
• Christian feast day:
  • Basil the Great (Catholic Church and Church of England)^[257]
  • Gregory of Nazianzus (Catholic Church)^[257]
  • Macarius of Alexandria^[258]
  • Seraphim of Sarov (Eastern Orthodox Church)^[259]
  • Vedanayagam Samuel Azariah (Episcopal Church)^[260]
  • January 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Kaapse Klopse (Cape Town, South Africa)^[261]
• The first day of Blacks and Whites' Carnival, celebrated until January 7 (Colombia)^[262]
• The ninth of the Twelve Days of Christmas (Western Christianity)^[257]

References[edit]