|
Added Heart Mountain to list of camps that received Camp Harmony residents.
|
m Reverting possible vandalism by 66.96.64.150 to version by Onel5969. Report False Positive? Thanks, ClueBot NG. (4327317) (Bot)
|
||
| (23 intermediate revisions by 18 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Camp Harmony''' |
'''Camp Harmony''' is the unofficial euphemistic name of the '''Puyallup Assembly Center''', a temporary facility within the system of [[Japanese American internment|internment camps]] set up for Japanese Americans during [[World War II]]. Approximately 7,390 Americans of Japanese descent from Western [[Washington (state)|Washington]] and Alaska were sent to the camp (nearly doubling the town of Puyallup's then-population of 7,500) before being transferred to the [[War Relocation Authority]] camps at [[Minidoka National Historic Site|Minidoka, Idaho]], [[Tule Lake Unit, World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument|Tule Lake, California]] and [[Heart Mountain Relocation Center|Heart Mountain, Wyoming]].<ref name=Fiset>Louis Fiset. "[http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Puyallup%20%28detention%20facility%29/ Puyallup (detention facility)]," ''Densho Encyclopedia'' (accessed 28 Apr 2014).</ref> |
||
[[File:Camp Harmony.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Puyallup Assembly Center, 1942]] |
[[File:Camp Harmony.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Puyallup Assembly Center, 1942]] |
||
Camp Harmony was established in May 1942, shortly after the |
Camp Harmony was established in May 1942, shortly after the [[attack on Pearl Harbor]] and President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]]'s subsequent [[Executive Order 9066]], which authorized the eviction of Japanese Americans from the West Coast. The location for the assembly center was on and around the [[Washington State Fair|Western Washington Fairgrounds]] in [[Puyallup, Washington]]. It consisted of four distinct areas: |
||
*A, with a population of about 2000, located northeast of the fairgrounds. |
*A, with a population of about 2000, located northeast of the fairgrounds. |
||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
The barracks "apartments" were designed to allow 50 square feet of space per individual, with one small window, a single electrical socket and a wood stove. Each area contained several mess halls, laundry facilities and latrines. A 100-bed hospital was built in Area D, and existing facilities were used as administration offices and community centers.<ref name=Fiset/> |
The barracks "apartments" were designed to allow 50 square feet of space per individual, with one small window, a single electrical socket and a wood stove. Each area contained several mess halls, laundry facilities and latrines. A 100-bed hospital was built in Area D, and existing facilities were used as administration offices and community centers.<ref name=Fiset/> |
||
In May and June 1942, just under 100 Japanese Americans left Camp Harmony to find work or attend school outside the exclusion zone, or to repatriate to Japan. On May 26, 196 men volunteered for an early transfer to Tule Lake to help finish construction on the camp there. The majority of the internees made the 30-hour train trip to Minidoka in 16 groups of approximately 500, beginning on August 12. The last train left the Puyallup station on September 12, and on September 30, 1942 the site was handed over to the Fort Lewis Ninth Service Command. The Puyallup Fairgrounds were then occupied by the U.S. Army 943rd Signal Service Battalion until they were transferred to [[Fort Lewis]], Washington in December. The Puyallup Fairgrounds remained closed to the public until the end of the war, operating as an army training facility.<ref name=Fiset/> |
In May and June 1942, just under 100 Japanese Americans left Camp Harmony to find work or attend school outside the exclusion zone, or to repatriate to Japan. On May 26, 196 men volunteered for an early transfer to Tule Lake to help finish construction on the camp there. The majority of the internees made the 30-hour train trip to Minidoka in 16 groups of approximately 500, beginning on August 12. The last train left the Puyallup station on September 12, and on September 30, 1942, the site was handed over to the Fort Lewis Ninth Service Command. The Puyallup Fairgrounds were then occupied by the U.S. Army 943rd Signal Service Battalion until they were transferred to [[Fort Lewis (Washington)|Fort Lewis]], Washington in December. The Puyallup Fairgrounds remained closed to the public until the end of the war, operating as an army training facility.<ref name=Fiset/> |
||
After the Assembly Center closed the [[United States Army|U.S. Army]] 943rd [[Signal Corps (United States Army)|Signal Service Battalion]] were station at the camp for training before departing. |
|||
| ⚫ |
The first postwar fair took place in September 1946.<ref> |
||
| ⚫ | The first postwar fair took place in September 1946.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thefair.com/utility/about-us/history.php |title=TheFair.com : Site Information : About Us : History<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306053922/http://www.thefair.com/utility/about-us/history.php |archive-date=2013-03-06 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On November 25, 1978, the first [[Day of Remembrance (Japanese Americans)|Day of Remembrance]] was held at the Western Washington Fairgrounds, and over 2,000 attended. Five years later, on August 21, 1983, Governor [[John Spellman]] and Washington state representatives dedicated a sculpture by [[George Tsutakawa]] as a memorial to those confined at the wartime detention site.<ref name=Fiset/> |
||
== See also == |
|||
* [[History of the Japanese in Seattle]] |
|||
== References == |
== References == |
||
| Line 22: | Line 27: | ||
{{coord|47.1828785|-122.2953974|format=dms|type:landmark_region:US-AZ_source:GNIS|display=title}} |
{{coord|47.1828785|-122.2953974|format=dms|type:landmark_region:US-AZ_source:GNIS|display=title}} |
||
* {{cite gnis|1531857|Western Washington State Fair Grounds}} |
* {{cite gnis|1531857|Western Washington State Fair Grounds}} |
||
*[http://www.lib.washington.edu/exhibits/harmony/exhibit/index.html University of Washington Libraries Camp Harmony Exhibit] |
*[http://www.lib.washington.edu/exhibits/harmony/exhibit/index.html University of Washington Libraries Camp Harmony Exhibit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817161400/http://www.lib.washington.edu/exhibits/harmony/Exhibit/index.html |date=2016-08-17 }} |
||
*[http://www.wingluke.org Wing Luke Asian Museum] |
*[http://www.wingluke.org Wing Luke Asian Museum] |
||
*[http://digitalcollections.lib.washington.edu/cdm/search/collection/social/searchterm/camp%20harmony/field/all/mode/all/conn/and/order/title/ad/asc University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – Social Issues Photographs] |
*[http://digitalcollections.lib.washington.edu/cdm/search/collection/social/searchterm/camp%20harmony/field/all/mode/all/conn/and/order/title/ad/asc University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – Social Issues Photographs] |
||
*[http://www.thefair.com/utility/about-us/history.php History of The Fair] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130306053922/http://www.thefair.com/utility/about-us/history.php History of The Fair] |
||
*[http://www.densho.org Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project] |
*[http://www.densho.org Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project] |
||
{{Japanese American internment camps}} |
{{Japanese American internment camps}} |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Internment camps for Japanese Americans]] |
||
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Pierce County, Washington]] |
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Pierce County, Washington]] |
||
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Washington (state)]] |
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Washington (state)]] |
||
Camp Harmony is the unofficial euphemistic name of the Puyallup Assembly Center, a temporary facility within the system of internment camps set up for Japanese Americans during World War II. Approximately 7,390 Americans of Japanese descent from Western Washington and Alaska were sent to the camp (nearly doubling the town of Puyallup's then-population of 7,500) before being transferred to the War Relocation Authority camps at Minidoka, Idaho, Tule Lake, California and Heart Mountain, Wyoming.[1]
Camp Harmony was established in May 1942, shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor and President Roosevelt's subsequent Executive Order 9066, which authorized the eviction of Japanese Americans from the West Coast. The location for the assembly center was on and around the Western Washington FairgroundsinPuyallup, Washington. It consisted of four distinct areas:
The barracks "apartments" were designed to allow 50 square feet of space per individual, with one small window, a single electrical socket and a wood stove. Each area contained several mess halls, laundry facilities and latrines. A 100-bed hospital was built in Area D, and existing facilities were used as administration offices and community centers.[1]
In May and June 1942, just under 100 Japanese Americans left Camp Harmony to find work or attend school outside the exclusion zone, or to repatriate to Japan. On May 26, 196 men volunteered for an early transfer to Tule Lake to help finish construction on the camp there. The majority of the internees made the 30-hour train trip to Minidoka in 16 groups of approximately 500, beginning on August 12. The last train left the Puyallup station on September 12, and on September 30, 1942, the site was handed over to the Fort Lewis Ninth Service Command. The Puyallup Fairgrounds were then occupied by the U.S. Army 943rd Signal Service Battalion until they were transferred to Fort Lewis, Washington in December. The Puyallup Fairgrounds remained closed to the public until the end of the war, operating as an army training facility.[1]
After the Assembly Center closed the U.S. Army 943rd Signal Service Battalion were station at the camp for training before departing.
The first postwar fair took place in September 1946.[2] On November 25, 1978, the first Day of Remembrance was held at the Western Washington Fairgrounds, and over 2,000 attended. Five years later, on August 21, 1983, Governor John Spellman and Washington state representatives dedicated a sculpture by George Tsutakawa as a memorial to those confined at the wartime detention site.[1]
47°10′58″N 122°17′43″W / 47.1828785°N 122.2953974°W / 47.1828785; -122.2953974
