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{{For|the death of Cameron Doomadgee in custody on Palm Island|2004 Palm Island death in custody}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}} |
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{{Use Australian English|date=July 2016}} |
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{{GeoGroup}} |
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{{Infobox Australian place |
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| type = town |
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| name = Doomadgee |
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| state = qld |
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| image = |
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| caption = |
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| coordinates = {{coord|-17.9443|138.8300|type:city_region:AU-QLD|display=inline,title|name=Doomadgee (town centre)}} |
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| pushpin_label_position = right |
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| pop = 1387 |
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| pop_year = {{CensusAU|2021}} locality |
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| pop_footnotes = <ref name=Census2021/> |
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| postcode = 4830 |
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| est = |
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| elevation = |
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| maxtemp = |
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| mintemp = |
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| rainfall = |
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| lga = [[Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee]] |
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| stategov = [[Electoral district of Traeger|Traeger]] |
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| fedgov = [[Division of Kennedy|Kennedy]] |
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| dist1 = 2246 |
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| dir1 = NW |
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| location1 = Brisbane |
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| dist2 = 996 |
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| dir2 = W |
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| location2 = [[Cairns]] |
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| dist3 = 514 |
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| dir3 = N |
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| location3 = [[Mount Isa]] |
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| dist4 = 141 |
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| dir4 = W |
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| location4 = [[Burketown, Queensland|Burketown]] |
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| near-n = [[Nicholson, Queensland|Nicholson]] |
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| near-ne = [[Nicholson, Queensland|Nicholson]] |
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| near-e = [[Nicholson, Queensland|Nicholson]] |
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| near-se = [[Lawn Hill, Queensland|Lawn Hill]] |
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| near-s = [[Lawn Hill, Queensland|Lawn Hill]] |
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| near-sw = [[Lawn Hill, Queensland|Lawn Hill]] |
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| near-w = [[Nicholson, Queensland|Nicholson]] |
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| near-nw = [[Nicholson, Queensland|Nicholson]] |
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}} |
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'''Doomadgee''' is a town and a [[Suburbs and localities (Australia)|locality]] in the [[Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee]], [[Queensland]], Australia.<ref name="qpnt2">{{cite QPN|10347|Doomadgee|town in Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire|access-date=18 September 2020}}</ref><ref name="qpnl2">{{cite QPN|45901|Doomadgee|locality in Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire|access-date=18 September 2020}}</ref> It is a mostly [[Indigenous Australian|Indigenous]] community, situated about {{convert|140|km}} from the [[Northern Territory]] border, and {{convert|93|km}} west of [[Burketown, Queensland|Burketown]]. |
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The settlement began with the establishment of the Doomadgee Mission in 1933, which relocated from [[Bayley Point]] to [[Nicholson River (Queensland)|Nicholson River]] in 1936. |
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== Doomadgee Aboriginal Mission == |
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In the {{CensusAU|2021}}, the locality of Doomadgee had a population of 1,387 people.<ref name=Census2021/> |
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===History=== |
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Originally known as [[Dumaji]], this mission was located on [[Bayley Point]] on the [[Gulf of Carpentaria]]. In [[1936]] after being destroyed by a [[cyclone]] the community was relocated to [[Nicholson River]]. In [[1985]] the population of Doomadgee was approximately 800. |
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== History == |
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The 1996 census population of Doomadgee was 651. |
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===Indigenous peoples=== |
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The [[Waanyi]] and [[Ganggalidda]] (Yukulta) people are the recognised [[Aboriginal Australian]] peoples who are the [[traditional owners]] for the region surrounding Doomadgee.<ref name=atsi/> Historically, [[Gadawa people|Gadawa]], [[Lardil people|Lardil]], [[Mingginda]] and [[Garrwa people|Garawa]] groups inhabited or traversed the area.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hpw.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/6106/workingindoomadgeefactsheet.pdf|title=03. Doomadgee|series=Fact Sheets|author=Queensland Government. Dept of Public Works|access-date=17 October 2020|archive-date=17 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017034847/https://www.hpw.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/6106/workingindoomadgeefactsheet.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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The [[Waanyi language]] (also known as ''Wanyi'', ''Wanyee'', ''Wanee'', ''Waangyee'', ''Wonyee'', ''Garawa'', and ''Wanji)'' is an [[Australian Aboriginal language]] of the Gulf Country. The language region includes the western parts of [[Lawn Hill Creek]] and [[Nicholson River (Queensland)|Nicholson River]], from about the boundary between the [[Northern Territory]] and Queensland, westwards towards [[Alexandria Station (Northern Territory)|Alexandria station]], Doomadgee, and Nicholson River. It includes the local government area of the Shire of Doomadgee.<ref>{{Cite SLQ-CC-BY|url=https://maps.slq.qld.gov.au/iyil/view/136|title=Waanyi|author=|date=|website=Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map|access-date=5 February 2020}}</ref> [[Yukulta language|Yukulta]] (also known as Ganggalida) is also spoken in the Gulf Country, including the in Doomadgee and [[Shire of Mornington (Queensland)|Mornington]] Shires.<ref>{{Cite SLQ-CC-BY|url=https://maps.slq.qld.gov.au/iyil/view/170|title=Yukulta|author=|date=|website=Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map|access-date=28 January 2020}}</ref> |
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===European settlement=== |
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From the late 19th century, Europeans started settling in the area, making a huge impact on the lives of the Indigenous peoples. Conflict occurred, as it did elsewhere in the [[Australian frontier wars]]. [[Native Police]], known as ''yabayiri'' to the locals, were established at '''Turn Off Lagoon''', which was on the Nicholson River about {{convert|26| km}} west of present-day Doomadgee site, in 1889. Before this, Native Police had been at a location on Carl Creek, to the south, since 1878.<ref name="UQ eSpace">{{cite thesis|last=Trigger|first=David S.|date=1985|title=Doomadgee: a study of power relations and social action in a north Australian Aboriginal settlement.|type=PhD|publisher=The University of Queensland. School of Social Science|url=https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:200477|access-date=12 October 2020|archive-date=15 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201015154913/https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:200477|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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The [[Protector of Aboriginals]] was appointed on 30 Apr 1936, under the ''[[Aboriginals Protection and Restriction of the Sale of Opium Act 1897]]'', whereby Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people became [[wards of the state]]. The Protector controlled the lives of Aboriginal people in Queensland until the ''[[Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders Affairs Act 1965]]'' came into force on 28 April 1966 and the Department of Aboriginal and Island Affairs was created, and every [[Clerk of the Court]] within the State became a District Officer.<ref name=prot>{{cite web | website=Queensland State Archives - Queensland Government | title=ArchivesSearch: Protector of Aboriginals, Doomadgee | url=https://www.archivessearch.qld.gov.au/agencies/A2537 | access-date=12 October 2020 | archive-date=12 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012062657/https://www.archivessearch.qld.gov.au/agencies/A2537 | url-status=live }} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016190421/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |date=16 October 2020 }} licence.</ref> |
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==={{anchor}}Doomadgee Mission (1933–1983)=== |
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[[File:Doomadgee Mission 1950.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of Doomadgee Mission, 1950 (SLQ)]] |
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'''Doomadgee Mission''', originally known as Dumaji (a name deriving from a coastal [[sand dune]] known as Dumaji by the Ganggalidda people<ref name=qplace>{{cite web | publisher=Centre for the Government of Queensland at the [[University of Queensland]] | title=Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire Council | website=Queensland Places | url=https://queenslandplaces.com.au/doomadgee-aboriginal-shire-council | access-date=11 October 2020 | archive-date=7 August 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807043140/https://queenslandplaces.com.au/doomadgee-aboriginal-shire-council | url-status=live }}</ref>), was established on [[Bayley Point]] ({{Coord|-16.9167|139.0333|type:landmark_region:AU-QLD|name=Bayley Point}})<ref>{{Cite QPN|1912|Bayley Point|point in the Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire|access-date=5 May 2019}}</ref> on the [[Gulf of Carpentaria]] in 1933, including the Doomadgee Mission School.<ref name=qfamhist/> There had been a mission home for Aboriginal children established at Burketown by Len and Dorothy Akehurst, members of the [[Open Brethren]], in 1930, and this was moved to the new site of Dumaji (subsequently known as "Old Doomadgee Mission" a couple of years later, at the request of the Aboriginal people.<ref name=qplace/> Most of the residents of Old Doomadgee came from Burketown and were Gangalidda and Garawa people. At first the girls lived in a house and the boys in tents, but [[dormitories]] were built over time.<ref name=atsi/> The boys and girls lived in separate dormitories.<ref>{{cite web | title=Old Doomadgee Mission - Summary | website=Find & Connect | url=https://www.findandconnect.gov.au/guide/qld/QE00813 | access-date=12 October 2020 | archive-date=17 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017034850/https://www.findandconnect.gov.au/guide/qld/QE00813 | url-status=live }}</ref> The Akehursts returned to [[Sydney]] in 1935.<ref name=akehurstrec/> |
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After the Protector was appointed (April 1936), the mission was classed as an "[[Aboriginal reserve]] (Church-sponsored), managed by a Local Protector".<ref name=prot/> |
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In 1936, after the coastal site of the mission had been devastated by a [[cyclone]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article182664208|title=Also Damaged by Cyclone|date=27 March 1936|newspaper=[[Telegraph (Brisbane)|The Telegraph]]|access-date=5 May 2019|location=Queensland, Australia|page=3 (Second Edition)|via=National Library of Australia|archive-date=17 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017034851/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/182664208|url-status=live}}</ref> the community and the dormitories<ref name=f&c>{{cite web | title=Doomadgee Mission - Summary | website=Find & Connect | date=11 February 2019 | url=https://www.findandconnect.gov.au/guide/qld/QE00814 | access-date=12 October 2020 | archive-date=12 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012051140/https://www.findandconnect.gov.au/guide/qld/QE00814 | url-status=live }}</ref> were relocated to Nicholson River, known as "New Doomadgee". There were around 50 children and 20 adults at this time, but the population soon grew through the 1930s and 1940s, when the Queensland Government removed many Aboriginal families from surrounding [[Station (Australian agriculture)|pastoral stations]], including Westmoreland, Lawn Hills and [[Gregory Downs]]. Official records show more than 80 removals between 1935 and 1957 (and prior to the establishment of Doomadgee Mission, many Aboriginal children in the region were removed to the [[Mornington Island Mission]] and other missions and [[Aboriginal reserve]]s further south).<ref name=atsi/> A photograph held by [[Queensland State Archives]] taken around 1940 shows about 80 children at the mission, and official records report about 100 children in 1949.<ref name=f&c/> |
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The mission settlement included a [[hospital]], a school, a cattle run which included horses, and a {{convert|order=flip|65| acre|adj=on}} garden.<ref name=qplace/> However, government reports dated 1949 and 1950 report that there was no school building and lessons took place in the dormitories.<ref name=f&c/> |
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Here the inhabitants were subjected to close supervision and strict adherence to a [[Christianity|Christian]] way of life, with the girls allowed only to sing hymns as amusement.<ref name=qplace/> Conditions were difficult, and the mission's practices were criticised in a 1950 government report. All children over six years old lived in dormitories; boys left the dormitory around the age of 14 to take up station work, while girls were trained in domestic duties and often remained in the dormitories until they married. By the late 1950s, many residents left, moving to the Mornington Island mission, where by this time families were allowed to stay together.<ref name=atsi/> A 1958 Open Brethren report showed that about 115 children aged 6–20 years were in their care.<ref name=f&c/> |
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During the 1960s, older unmarried girls started returning to their parents.<ref name=atsi/> The girls' dormitory was renovated in 1964, in 1965 there were still 35 boys and 23 girls living at the mission, and in 1968 there were at least five children still living in a dormitory.<ref name=f&c/> From 28 April 1966, the Department of Aboriginal and Island Affairs became responsible for the mission.<ref name=prot/> In 1969, the Queensland Government was appointed trustee of the reserve on which the mission was located, and after continuing criticism of the conditions at the mission, it took administrative control from the Brethren in August 1983.<ref name=atsi/> It is not clear exactly when the last children left the dormitories.<ref name=f&c/> However, the contents list of a book by the Akehurst's son, Vic, shows devotes Part 5 to the 1970s and Part is titled "The Last Four years as a Mission - 1980 to 1983".<ref>{{Citation| author1=Akehurst, Vic (Leonard Victor)| title=A light in the darkness: an anecdotal history of Doomadgee mission: fifty-three years of faithful, fearless endeavour by Assembly Missionaries| date=2006| url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/26063407| publisher=Market Intelligence| place=Selangor, Malaysia| isbn=978-983-2969-02-0| pages=xxiii, 709 p. : ill., 3 maps| quote=Includes index; Bibliography: p.659| access-date=17 October 2020| archive-date=17 October 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017034851/https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/26063407| url-status=live}}</ref> The [[National Library of Australia]] has a [[sound recording]] of an interview by Gwenda Davey with Vic Akehurst about his parents, made in 2003 and available online, including a full transcript.<ref name=akehurstrec>{{cite interview|interviewer=Davey, Gwenda|author=Akehurst, Vic|format=Sound recording|url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-218411131/listen|title=Vic Akehurst interviewed by Gwenda Davey in the Bringing them home oral history project|quote=Doomadgee, where they were involved in the foundation of Doomadgee Mission. They remained at Doomadgee until 1935 when they returned to Sydney. Akehurst talks about his involvement with Doomadgee Incorporated and about the [[Bringing Them Home]] inquiry|access-date=17 October 2020|archive-date=8 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108130241/http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-218411131/listen|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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Two dormitory buildings still remain: the girls' dormitory and over the road from it the boys dormitory. One dormitory was destroyed by fire in 2003.<ref name=smh>{{cite web | title=Doomadgee | website=The Sydney Morning Herald | date=8 February 2004 | url=https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/doomadgee-20040208-gdkqdh.html | access-date=12 October 2020 | archive-date=17 October 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017034850/https://www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/doomadgee-20040208-gdkqdh.html | url-status=live }}</ref> |
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===Later 20th century – 21st century=== |
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Doomadgee Post Office opened on 2 January 1969.<ref name="Post Office">{{Cite web|url=https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=QLD&country=|title=Post Office List|last=Premier Postal History|publisher=Premier Postal Auctions|access-date=22 May 2014|archive-date=15 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515223132/http://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=QLD&|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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As of July 2006, eight of 25 Queensland government departments were represented in Doomadgee:{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} |
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* Queensland Police Service |
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* Queensland Corrective Services |
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* Queensland Ambulance Service |
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* Department of Education and the Arts |
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* Department of Employment and Training |
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* Queensland Health (Hospital, Emergency Department and Community Health Services) |
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* TAFE Queensland |
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* Department of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy |
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From January 2007, the [[Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire Council]] in the area was given full shire status. |
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It is a mostly [[Indigenous Australian|Indigenous]] community,<ref name="atsi" /> with population of 1,405 people in the [[2016 Australian census]].<ref name="Census2016">{{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC30871|name=Doomadgee (SSC)|accessdate=20 October 2018|quick=on}}</ref> |
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== Demographics == |
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In the {{CensusAU|2011}}, the town of Doomadgee had a population of 1,258 people.<ref name=Census2011>{{Census 2011 AUS|id=UCL315031|name=Doomadgee (Urban Centre/Locality)|accessdate=2012-11-12|quick=on}}</ref> |
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In the {{CensusAU|2016}}, the locality of Doomadgee had a population of 1,405 people.<ref name=Census2016/> |
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In the {{CensusAU|2021}}, the locality of Doomadgee had a population of 1,387 people.<ref name=Census2021>{{Census 2021 AUS|id=SAL30865|name=Doomadgee (SAL)|access-date=28 February 2023|quick=on}}</ref> |
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==Governance== |
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{{further|Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee}} |
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On 21 May 1987, the [[Aboriginal reserve]] was transferred from the Queensland Government to the trusteeship of the Doomadgee Aboriginal Council, under a [[Deed of Grant in Trust]] (DOGIT).<ref name=atsi/> |
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On 1 January 2005, the Doomadgee Aboriginal Council became the [[Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire Council]].<ref name=atsi/> Doomadgee is located within the Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee,<ref name="qpnt">{{cite QPN|10347|Doomadgee|town in Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire|access-date=27 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="qpnl">{{cite QPN|45901|Doomadgee|locality in Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire|access-date=27 November 2018}}</ref> situated about {{convert|140|km}} from the Northern Territory border, and {{convert|93|km}} west of Burketown.<ref name=atsi>{{cite web | title=Doomadgee | website=Queensland Government | url=https://www.qld.gov.au/atsi/cultural-awareness-heritage-arts/community-histories/community-histories-c-d/community-histories-doomadgee | access-date=10 October 2020 | archive-date=3 September 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200903121645/https://www.qld.gov.au/atsi/cultural-awareness-heritage-arts/community-histories/community-histories-c-d/community-histories-doomadgee | url-status=live }} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016190421/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |date=16 October 2020 }} licence.</ref> |
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== Education == |
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The Doomadgee Mission School, established in 1933, became Doomadgee Community School in 1970. In 1975 it came under the control of the [[Queensland Government|Queensland Government's]] Education Department, becoming Doomadgee State School.<ref name=qfamhist>{{Citation|author1=Queensland Family History Society|title=Queensland schools past and present|date=2010|edition=Version 1.01|publisher=[[Queensland Family History Society]]|isbn=978-1-921171-26-0}}</ref> |
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Doomadgee State School is a government primary and secondary (Early Childhood-10) school for boys and girls at Goodeedawa Road ({{coord|-17.9420|138.8277|type:edu_region:AU-QLD|name=Doomadgee State School}}).<ref name="SchoolList2018">{{cite web|url=https://data.qld.gov.au/dataset/state-and-non-state-school-details/resource/5b39065c-df32-415c-994c-5ff12f8de997|title=State and non-state school details|date=9 July 2018|publisher=[[Queensland Government]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121065959/https://data.qld.gov.au/dataset/state-and-non-state-school-details/resource/5b39065c-df32-415c-994c-5ff12f8de997|archive-date=21 November 2018|url-status=live|access-date=21 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.doomadgeess.eq.edu.au|title=Doomadgee State School|access-date=21 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515063911/http://doomadgeess.eq.edu.au/|archive-date=15 May 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 325 students with 35 teachers and 10 non-teaching staff (7 full-time equivalent).<ref name="ACARA2017">{{cite web|url=http://www.acara.edu.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/school-profile-20172c7b12404c94637ead88ff00003e0139.xlsx?sfvrsn=0|title=ACARA School Profile 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122010027/http://www.acara.edu.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/school-profile-20172c7b12404c94637ead88ff00003e0139.xlsx?sfvrsn=0|archive-date=22 November 2018|url-status=live|access-date=22 November 2018}}</ref> It includes a (Prep-10) special education program.<ref name="SchoolList2018" /> |
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==Facilities== |
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There is a hospital, known as Yella Gundgimara/ Doomadgee Hospital, which {{as of|lc=yes|2021}} is in the process of having six [[Kidney dialysis|dialysis]] chairs installed, but the [[water quality]] is not yet good enough for their operation. Special plumbing and filtration is necessary to provide water of a specific quality to be used in the process of haemodialysis, which treats people with [[kidney]] problems. Until the unit is complete, patients have to travel or move to [[Mount Isa]] or [[Townsville]] to receive treatment.<ref>{{cite web | last=André | first=Julia | title=Dialysis patients forced to move for treatment while chairs sit unused in Doomadgee hospital | website=ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) | date=17 May 2021 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-05-17/doomadgee-dialysis-chairs-unused-due-to-water-quality/100139730 | access-date=18 May 2021 | archive-date=18 May 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518004822/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-05-17/doomadgee-dialysis-chairs-unused-due-to-water-quality/100139730 | url-status=live }}</ref> In 2022, [[Four Corners (Australian TV program)|Four Corners]] led an investigation into the poor health outcomes in the community, including a much higher rate of [[rheumatic heart disease]] than the wider Australian community.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-03-07/doomadgee-indigenous-teen-rheumatic-heart-disease-death-hospital/100858716 |date=7 March 2022 |title=She needed life-saving surgery. A hospital gave her Panadol through a grate and sent her away |work=[[Four Corners (Australian TV program)|Four Corners]] |first1=Louise |last1=Milligan |author-link1=Louise Milligan |first2=Naomi |last2=Selvaratnam |first3=Lauren |last3=Day |publisher=[[ABC (Australia)|ABC]] |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-date=6 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306230259/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-03-07/doomadgee-indigenous-teen-rheumatic-heart-disease-death-hospital/100858716 |url-status=live }}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Doomadgee Airport]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*{{cite web | title=Aerial view of Doomadgee Mission, 1950 | website=John Oxley Library, [[State Library of Queensland]]. | hdl=10462/deriv/89868 | url=https://hdl.handle.net/10462/deriv/89868 }} |
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*[https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/dls06p/alma99183407218302061 Hamish Cairns Doomadgee photographs 2008-2014]. State Library of Queensland |
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*[https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/tqqf2h/alma99184104479902061 Doomadgee Rodeo 50th Anniversary photographs], State Library of Queensland |
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{{Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee}} |
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{{authority control}} |
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[[Category:Towns in Queensland]] |
[[Category:Towns in Queensland]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Australian Aboriginal missions]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:North West Queensland]] |
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[[Category:Aboriginal communities in Queensland]] |
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{{Queensland-geo-stub}} |
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[[Category:Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee]] |
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[[Category:Localities in Queensland]] |
Doomadgee Queensland | |||||||||||||||
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Coordinates | 17°56′39″S 138°49′48″E / 17.9443°S 138.8300°E / -17.9443; 138.8300 (Doomadgee (town centre)) | ||||||||||||||
Population | 1,387 (2021 census locality)[1] | ||||||||||||||
Postcode(s) | 4830 | ||||||||||||||
Location | |||||||||||||||
LGA(s) | Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee | ||||||||||||||
State electorate(s) | Traeger | ||||||||||||||
Federal division(s) | Kennedy | ||||||||||||||
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Doomadgee is a town and a locality in the Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee, Queensland, Australia.[2][3] It is a mostly Indigenous community, situated about 140 kilometres (87 mi) from the Northern Territory border, and 93 kilometres (58 mi) west of Burketown.
The settlement began with the establishment of the Doomadgee Mission in 1933, which relocated from Bayley PointtoNicholson River in 1936.
In the 2021 census, the locality of Doomadgee had a population of 1,387 people.[1]
The Waanyi and Ganggalidda (Yukulta) people are the recognised Aboriginal Australian peoples who are the traditional owners for the region surrounding Doomadgee.[4] Historically, Gadawa, Lardil, Mingginda and Garawa groups inhabited or traversed the area.[5]
The Waanyi language (also known as Wanyi, Wanyee, Wanee, Waangyee, Wonyee, Garawa, and Wanji) is an Australian Aboriginal language of the Gulf Country. The language region includes the western parts of Lawn Hill Creek and Nicholson River, from about the boundary between the Northern Territory and Queensland, westwards towards Alexandria station, Doomadgee, and Nicholson River. It includes the local government area of the Shire of Doomadgee.[6] Yukulta (also known as Ganggalida) is also spoken in the Gulf Country, including the in Doomadgee and Mornington Shires.[7]
From the late 19th century, Europeans started settling in the area, making a huge impact on the lives of the Indigenous peoples. Conflict occurred, as it did elsewhere in the Australian frontier wars. Native Police, known as yabayiri to the locals, were established at Turn Off Lagoon, which was on the Nicholson River about 26 kilometres (16 mi) west of present-day Doomadgee site, in 1889. Before this, Native Police had been at a location on Carl Creek, to the south, since 1878.[8]
The Protector of Aboriginals was appointed on 30 Apr 1936, under the Aboriginals Protection and Restriction of the Sale of Opium Act 1897, whereby Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people became wards of the state. The Protector controlled the lives of Aboriginal people in Queensland until the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders Affairs Act 1965 came into force on 28 April 1966 and the Department of Aboriginal and Island Affairs was created, and every Clerk of the Court within the State became a District Officer.[9]
Doomadgee Mission, originally known as Dumaji (a name deriving from a coastal sand dune known as Dumaji by the Ganggalidda people[10]), was established on Bayley Point (16°55′00″S 139°02′00″E / 16.9167°S 139.0333°E / -16.9167; 139.0333 (Bayley Point))[11] on the Gulf of Carpentaria in 1933, including the Doomadgee Mission School.[12] There had been a mission home for Aboriginal children established at Burketown by Len and Dorothy Akehurst, members of the Open Brethren, in 1930, and this was moved to the new site of Dumaji (subsequently known as "Old Doomadgee Mission" a couple of years later, at the request of the Aboriginal people.[10] Most of the residents of Old Doomadgee came from Burketown and were Gangalidda and Garawa people. At first the girls lived in a house and the boys in tents, but dormitories were built over time.[4] The boys and girls lived in separate dormitories.[13] The Akehursts returned to Sydney in 1935.[14]
After the Protector was appointed (April 1936), the mission was classed as an "Aboriginal reserve (Church-sponsored), managed by a Local Protector".[9]
In 1936, after the coastal site of the mission had been devastated by a cyclone,[15] the community and the dormitories[16] were relocated to Nicholson River, known as "New Doomadgee". There were around 50 children and 20 adults at this time, but the population soon grew through the 1930s and 1940s, when the Queensland Government removed many Aboriginal families from surrounding pastoral stations, including Westmoreland, Lawn Hills and Gregory Downs. Official records show more than 80 removals between 1935 and 1957 (and prior to the establishment of Doomadgee Mission, many Aboriginal children in the region were removed to the Mornington Island Mission and other missions and Aboriginal reserves further south).[4] A photograph held by Queensland State Archives taken around 1940 shows about 80 children at the mission, and official records report about 100 children in 1949.[16]
The mission settlement included a hospital, a school, a cattle run which included horses, and a 26-hectare (65-acre) garden.[10] However, government reports dated 1949 and 1950 report that there was no school building and lessons took place in the dormitories.[16]
Here the inhabitants were subjected to close supervision and strict adherence to a Christian way of life, with the girls allowed only to sing hymns as amusement.[10] Conditions were difficult, and the mission's practices were criticised in a 1950 government report. All children over six years old lived in dormitories; boys left the dormitory around the age of 14 to take up station work, while girls were trained in domestic duties and often remained in the dormitories until they married. By the late 1950s, many residents left, moving to the Mornington Island mission, where by this time families were allowed to stay together.[4] A 1958 Open Brethren report showed that about 115 children aged 6–20 years were in their care.[16]
During the 1960s, older unmarried girls started returning to their parents.[4] The girls' dormitory was renovated in 1964, in 1965 there were still 35 boys and 23 girls living at the mission, and in 1968 there were at least five children still living in a dormitory.[16] From 28 April 1966, the Department of Aboriginal and Island Affairs became responsible for the mission.[9] In 1969, the Queensland Government was appointed trustee of the reserve on which the mission was located, and after continuing criticism of the conditions at the mission, it took administrative control from the Brethren in August 1983.[4] It is not clear exactly when the last children left the dormitories.[16] However, the contents list of a book by the Akehurst's son, Vic, shows devotes Part 5 to the 1970s and Part is titled "The Last Four years as a Mission - 1980 to 1983".[17] The National Library of Australia has a sound recording of an interview by Gwenda Davey with Vic Akehurst about his parents, made in 2003 and available online, including a full transcript.[14]
Two dormitory buildings still remain: the girls' dormitory and over the road from it the boys dormitory. One dormitory was destroyed by fire in 2003.[18]
Doomadgee Post Office opened on 2 January 1969.[19]
As of July 2006, eight of 25 Queensland government departments were represented in Doomadgee:[citation needed]
From January 2007, the Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire Council in the area was given full shire status.
It is a mostly Indigenous community,[4] with population of 1,405 people in the 2016 Australian census.[20]
In the 2011 census, the town of Doomadgee had a population of 1,258 people.[21]
In the 2016 census, the locality of Doomadgee had a population of 1,405 people.[20]
In the 2021 census, the locality of Doomadgee had a population of 1,387 people.[1]
On 21 May 1987, the Aboriginal reserve was transferred from the Queensland Government to the trusteeship of the Doomadgee Aboriginal Council, under a Deed of Grant in Trust (DOGIT).[4]
On 1 January 2005, the Doomadgee Aboriginal Council became the Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire Council.[4] Doomadgee is located within the Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee,[22][23] situated about 140 kilometres (87 mi) from the Northern Territory border, and 93 kilometres (58 mi) west of Burketown.[4]
The Doomadgee Mission School, established in 1933, became Doomadgee Community School in 1970. In 1975 it came under the control of the Queensland Government's Education Department, becoming Doomadgee State School.[12]
Doomadgee State School is a government primary and secondary (Early Childhood-10) school for boys and girls at Goodeedawa Road (17°56′31″S 138°49′40″E / 17.9420°S 138.8277°E / -17.9420; 138.8277 (Doomadgee State School)).[24][25] In 2017, the school had an enrolment of 325 students with 35 teachers and 10 non-teaching staff (7 full-time equivalent).[26] It includes a (Prep-10) special education program.[24]
There is a hospital, known as Yella Gundgimara/ Doomadgee Hospital, which as of 2021[update] is in the process of having six dialysis chairs installed, but the water quality is not yet good enough for their operation. Special plumbing and filtration is necessary to provide water of a specific quality to be used in the process of haemodialysis, which treats people with kidney problems. Until the unit is complete, patients have to travel or move to Mount IsaorTownsville to receive treatment.[27] In 2022, Four Corners led an investigation into the poor health outcomes in the community, including a much higher rate of rheumatic heart disease than the wider Australian community.[28]
Doomadgee, where they were involved in the foundation of Doomadgee Mission. They remained at Doomadgee until 1935 when they returned to Sydney. Akehurst talks about his involvement with Doomadgee Incorporated and about the Bringing Them Home inquiry
Includes index; Bibliography: p.659
Towns and localities in the Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee, Queensland
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Main Article: Local government areas of Queensland |