Double Third Festival: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|East Asian spring festival}}

{{Infobox holiday

| holiday_name = Double Third Festival

| type = Asian

| longtype = Cultural

| image = Hyewon-Yeonso.dapcheong.jpg

| imagesize = 250px

| caption = "Yeonso dapcheong" drawn by [[Hyewon]] which depicts an outing in spring.

| official_name =

| nickname = Third-month Third

| observedby = [[Han Chinese|Chinese]], [[Korean people|Koreans]], [[Japanese people|Japanese]]

| significance = Marks arrival of spring

| begins =

| ends =

| date = 3rd day of the 3rd lunar month

| date{{LASTYEAR}} = {{Calendar date/infobox|year=last|cite=no}}

| date{{CURRENTYEAR}} = {{Calendar date/infobox|year=current|cite=no}}

| date{{NEXTYEAR}} = {{Calendar date/infobox|year=next|cite=no}}

| date{{NEXTYEAR|2}} = {{Calendar date/infobox|year=next2|cite=no}}

| frequency = Annual

| duration = 1 day

| celebrations =

| observances =

| relatedto = [[Shangsi Festival]], [[Samjinnal]], [[Hinamatsuri]]

}}

| chinese name = 上已節紀念日

| english name = Key Holiday

| title = Key Holiday

| 簡稱 = 上巳

| pic =

| c = 三月三日

| s = 上巳节紀念节

| t = 上巳節紀念日

The '''Double Third Festival''' ({{CJKV|c=三月三日|p=sānyuèsān}}) sometimes also called the '''Washing Festival''' is a traditional holiday originating from China, and is celebrated in multiple East Asian countries, including China and Korea.

The '''Double Third Festival''' ({{CJKV|c=三月三|p=sānyuèsān}}) or '''Shangsi Festival''' ({{CJKV|s=上巳节|t=上巳節}}), sometimes translated as the '''Washing Festival''', is a Chinese holiday celebrated on the third day of the third month of the [[Chinese calendar]].

It is said that the origin of this festival comes from the Dinner Party at the Qushui River during the Zhou Dynasty (about 1100–221BC). Others say its origins come from the ceremonial custom of getting rid of evils by bathing in the river. On this day, people would hold a sacrificing ceremony on a riverside to honor their ancestors, and then take a bath in the river with herbs to cleanse their bodies of filth. Following that, young men and women would then go for a spring outing in which many of these scenes were described in Shi Jing ([[Classic of Poetry|The Book of Songs]]).

The Shangsi Festival activities have changed over the course of subsequent dynasties. The entertainment feast and praying for descendants along the riverside were added in the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD). It was after the Wei and Jin dynasties (220–420AD) that the festival developed into the Double-Third (Shangsi) Festival that is fixed on the third day of the third lunar month.

The ancient traditions of Shangsi are mostly celebrated by several communities spread out among the provinces today, such as the ancient village of [[Xinye Village|Xinye]] which holds elaborate ancestor worship ceremonies on this day.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-AFJY200602012.htm |title=Cultural Investigation of March 3rd Festival in Xinye Village |author=Wang, Zhi-han |journal=Journal of Anhui Institute of Education |date=12 February 2006 |access-date=10 February 2012 |archive-date=14 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714135403/http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-AFJY200602012.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://travel.sohu.com/20100906/n274689886.shtml |script-title=zh:新叶村祭祖盛典 一个宗族790多年的坚守 |publisher=Sohu |language=Chinese |date=6 September 2010}}</ref>

In [[Zhuang customs and culture|Zhuang Culture]], the festival has higher prominence and is celebrated with songs and dance performances as well as a variety of games and foods.

== Japan ==

{{Main|Hinamatsuri}}

In Japan, the Double Third festival is celebrated as ''[[Hinamatsuri]]''.

'''''Samjinnal''''' is one of ''sesi pungsok'' (세시풍속) or [[Culture of Korea|Korean traditional custom]]s by season, which falls on the third day of the third month in the [[Chinese calendar]]. It was called ''samjil'' (삼질) in old [[Korean language]] and referred to as ''sangsa'', ''wonsa'' (원사, 元巳), ''sungsam'' (중삼, 重三), ''sangje'' (상제, 上除) or ''dapcheongjeol'' (답청절, 踏靑節) in [[hanja]]. Samjinnal implies the overlapping of Sam (three). According to Choi Namseon, samjil was derived from the consonants of Samil, and Sangsa is defined as the first snake day of the 3rd lunar month.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lifeinkorea.com/culture/festivals/festivals.cfm?Subject=Samjinnal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822074509/http://www.lifeinkorea.com/culture/festivals/festivals.cfm?Subject=Samjinnal|archive-date=2019-08-22|url-status=dead|title=Cultural Spotlight: Korean Festivals & Holidays- Samjinnal|work=Life In Korea}}</ref>

*[[Hwajeon|Hwajeon nori]] (화전놀이, 花煎--) – It literally means "flower pancake play".

{{reflist}}

{{ref begin}}

*{{cite web|url=http://www.foodinkorea.org/eng_food/foodculture/foodculture1_3_b.jsp |title=The Food on Samjinnal |publisher=Korea Agro-Fisheries Trade Corporation |access-date=2008-06-28 }}

*{{cite web |url=http://www.nfm.go.kr/downfile/book_mag/408/life2001.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303150102/https://www.nfm.go.kr/downfile/book_mag/408/life2001.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 3, 2022 |title=(진달래 음식의 종류와 조리법 고찰) The Kind and Recipe of Korean Rosebay Food |author=Chung, Hyeon-Mi (정현미) |publisher=[[National Folk Museum of Korea]] |language=Korean, English, Japanese |access-date=2008-06-28 |pages=1–16p }}

*{{cite web |url=http://www.jt.or.kr/news/news03_view.htm?id=1767&gotopage=6&keyfield=&key= |script-title=ko:전주전통문화센터, 모악산 대원사, 전주공예품전시관 삼짇날 축제 |publisher=Jeonju Traditional Cultural Center |date=2008-04-02 |access-date=2008-06-28 |language=Korean }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

*{{cite web|url=http://www.miz.co.kr/momboard/GCA_004/75 |script-title=ko:봄을 즐기는 ‘삼월 삼짇날’ |publisher=miz.co.kr|access-date=2008-06-28 |language=Korean}}

{{ref end}}